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The current study addressed whether mothers' explicitly expressed and implicitly held attitudes towards infant crying (n = 71) differ with each other and how these two types of attitudes relate to mothers' depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood. Neither mothers' explicit nor implicit attitudes towards infant crying predicted mothers' postnatal depressive symptoms. Mothers' explicit infant-oriented attitudes (i.e. attachment and communication) were found to moderate the links between mothers' implicit attitudes of infant crying-positive attributes and mothers' postpartum depressive symptoms. The present study provides empirical support for the application of a dual process framework to understand how pregnant women perceive infants' crying. The findings suggest that mental health supports urgently needs be offered to mothers with depressive symptoms.

Global efforts to prepare young developing minds for solving current and future challenges of climate change have advocated interdisciplinary, issues-based instructional approaches in order to transform traditional models of science education as delivering conceptual facts (UNESCO, 2014). This study is an exploration of the online interactions in an international social network of high school students residing in Norway, China, New Zealand and the United States (N=141). Students participated in classroom-based and asynchronous online discussions about adapted versions of seminal scientific studies with facilitative support from seven scientists across various fields. Grounded in a language-in-use frame for investigating facilitation and demonstrations of problem-based and evidence-based reasoning (Kelly & Chen, 1999), we traced the varied questions, assertions, and evidentiary sources within student-led online discussions. We found that questions from scientific experts in the form of unconstrained, open-ended invitations for exploration were followed by students' acknowledgement and consideration of complex and, at times, conflicting sociopolitical and economic positions about climate change issues. These findings suggest that broadening science classroom discussions to include socially relevant, unsolved issues like climate change could open potential entry points for a dialogic approach that fosters a scientific community in the classroom.

The United Nations' declaration on climate change education in December 2014 has sparked a renewal of policies and programs initiated during the "Decade of Education for Sustainable Development" (DESD, 2005-2014), aimed at promoting awareness, understanding, and civic action for environmental sustainability within learning communities all around the world. We present findings from a dialogic, multimodal, and literacies-based educational project designed to provide secondary students (N = 141) from four countries with the resources to read about and discuss evidence regarding climate change from seminal studies with peers and a core group of scientists (N = 7). Post-program interviews revealed a significant increase in language use related to evidence-based reasoning. Students also demonstrated an increased propensity to recycle. These findings support the hypothesis that providing opportunities for students to read and discuss seminal scientific sources incites positive changes in beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors related to climate change and climate science, and understandings of the nature of scientific evidence and argumentation.

The classic Nihewan Fauna, as the representative of early Pleistocene Asian Land Mammal Age Nihewanian, has long been cited for bio- and chronostratigraphic correlation. However, its precise provenance and stratigraphic horizon have remained unsolved till now. The authors successfully extracted the vital information by rediscovering 30 of the original excavation localities. The fossils were catalogued with their provenance through an extensive field survey and comprehensive inspection of the Tianjin Natural History Museum collection. A review of the original description of these fossil localities, using satellite images, and subsequent lithological examination of the Xiashagou strata in the field verified the new findings. The survey produced the first stratigraphic profile calibrated with fossil horizons of the Nihewan formation in the Xiashagou section. Correlated with the published magnetostratigraphical profile of the section, an age of ∼2.4–1.8 Ma is estimated for the classic Nihewan Fauna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Through an analysis of legal documents and parent-reported data, this study investigates the role of legal language in shaping inclusive education practices in China. • Critical discourse analysis reveals textual silences regarding obligation, text precision, and dispute resolution in China's 'learning in the regular classroom' (LRC) model legal texts. • In navigating and advocating for their children, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are impacted by the LRC model legal language, according to the study. • This study illuminates the potential significance of investigating the impact of legal language on inclusive education practices in other nations and regions. A substantial body of literature exists on inclusive education practices in large countries like China, ranging from the introduction of laws and regulations to cross-country comparisons of the implementation of policies. Yet, little is known about the potential role that legal documents play in shaping ideological assumptions and actions among stakeholders, including parents. The authors used critical discourse analysis (van Dijk, 1993) as an analytic guide for exploring explicated and implied meanings within both legal texts associated with China's "learning in the regular classroom" (LRC) model as well as reported data from parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) about their experiences advocating for inclusive education in China through interpretative phenomenological analysis (Eatough & Smith, 2017). By examining the connections between discursive practice and social structures embedded in an institutional use of legal discourse and delving into the unique experiences of parents as insiders, the authors discovered not only that textual silence exists in LRC model legal texts regarding obligation, text precision, and dispute resolution but that it also influenced parents of children with ASD as they navigated and advocated for their children under the LRC model. This study is an extension of an earlier investigation of parental perspectives (Zhang, Qian & Singer, 2022). By revealing the typically obscured assumptions and implications of educational policies, our study demonstrates the potential significance and benefits of conducting similar research in different national contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze a conceptual framework to identify significant benefit and cost attributes of a radio-frequency identification (RFID) system for asset tracking in healthcare facilities. Sources of value function for RFID in healthcare are categorized according to major improvement. Several cost functions are proposed to measure aspects of automated tracking implementation. Design/methodology/approach - The four phases of problem definition, literature identification, assessment and analysis were used to begin the research. A cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was completed to identify the factors within healthcare with major benefits, and finally, a recommended group of items were identified to track with the CBA. Findings - RFID to manage mobile devices increases the utilization rate, decreases annual spending, allows withdrawal of funds for underutilized assets and establishes confidence that equipment is readily available when needed. These benefits provide improved staff productivity, quicker patient turnover, higher quality of care and more cost savings. Real-time location system technologies allow hospitals to be prepared for emergencies requiring the immediate use of medical devices without delay and allow staff to determine the status, condition and location of essential equipment, leading to a decrease in patient wait time. Additional improvements were also found. Originality/value - The transition from pay-for-service to pay-for-performance is taking place in an industry hampered by rising costs and limited available resources. Healthcare expenditures are estimated to grow dramatically, and various factors contribute to rising expenses, including an aging population and increased chronic conditions resulting in higher demand for care, poor quality and operational inefficiencies. Therefore, understanding benefits of new technology use like RFID is critical for improvement and efficiency in healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the effectivity of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine in the People's Republic of China. Efficacy of typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine; Intracellular replication of Salmonella Typhi; Role of Vi-negative Salmonella Typhi in failures of Vi vaccine.

Abstract Notwithstanding the growing empirical evidence from longitudinal studies on child-driven effects, they are limited in illuminating the existence of child-driven effects in day-to-day life and the affective mechanisms that underlie these processes. The current study examined mothers' affective experiences elicited by their preschoolers' behaviors in daily life. Seventy-seven families in China were studied for 14 days through a daily diary design. Children's behaviors elicited changes in both mothers' daily emotional reactivity and their global mood states. Mothers' emotional reactivity towards children's behaviors largely accounted for the child-elicited changes in their global mood. Moreover, when mothers were less educated, exhibited higher depressive symptoms, and when their children were perceived to be high in externalizing behaviors, mothers were more likely to react negatively. These findings suggest that parents' emotional reactions are closely linked to children's behaviors and these child-elicited emotional reactions further influence parents' daily overall mood on a day-to-day basis. Highlights • Children's behaviors elicited daily changes in mothers' emotional reactivity. • Child-elicited emotional reactivities predicted mothers' global mood. • Some mothers were more susceptible to emotional changes due to child behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of involved-field irradiation in definitive chemoradiation therapy for locoregional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods and Materials: Patterns in recurrence and elective nodal failure were analyzed in patients from the previously published ESO-Shanghai 1 trial, who received definitive chemoradiation therapy with involved-field irradiation to 61.2 Gy in 34 fractions using intensity modulated radiation therapy planning. Nodal regions were delineated using the lymph node map from the sixth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Elective nodal failure was defined as recurrence in the regional nodal area outside the planning target volume. Extensive elective nodal failure, defined as an extensive nodal area regardless of tumor location, was calculated for additional analysis. The incidental (ie, mean) irradiation dose of each node and each region was evaluated.Results: With a median follow-up of 48.7 months among survivors, the 3-year actuarial rate for overall survival was 53.6%, and the median overall survival was 44.8 months (95% confidence interval, 34.6-55.0). Of the 436 patients included in this study, 258 patients (59.2%) experienced treatment failure. Elective nodal failure was experienced by 37 patients (8.5%), 7 (1.6%) of whom encountered nodal-only failure. The 3-year actuarial rates of elective nodal control and elective nodal-only control were 89.7% and 97.9%, respectively. The median incidental dose of these nodes was 33.2 Gy (interquartile range [IQR], 1.3-50.7 Gy). The median distance of each node to the planning target volume was 1.4 cm (IQR, 0.6-4.9 cm). Extensive elective nodal failure was experienced by 51 patients (11.6%), and 20 (4.6%) patients had nodal-only failure. The 3-year extensive elective nodal control and extensive elective nodal control-only rates were 86.0% and 94.3%, respectively. The median incidental dose of these nodes was 23.2 Gy (IQR, 1.1-53.5 Gy). The median distance of each node to the planning target volume was 2.0 cm (IQR, 0.6-5.5 cm).Conclusion: Involved-field irradiation can achieve a low rate of isolated nodal failure and a satisfactory survival outcome. The use of elective nodal irradiation may be unnecessary in definitive chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of locoregional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compound effects of anthropogenic disturbances on global and local scales threaten coral reef ecosystems of the Arabian Sea. The impacts of organic pollutants on the coral reefs and associated organisms have received less attention and are consequently less understood. This study examines the background levels, sources, and ecological implications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coral reef ecosystems of Lakshadweep Archipelago. Water and particulate matter were collected from four coral Islands (Kavaratti, Agatti, Bangaram and Perumal Par) of Lakshadweep Archipelago during January and December 2022 and analysed for 15 PAHs priority pollutants. The 15 PAHs congeners generally ranged from 2.77 to 250.47 ng/L in the dissolved form and 0.44 to 6469.86 ng/g in the particulate form. A comparison of available data among the coral reef ecosystems worldwide revealed relatively lower PAHs concentrations in the Lakshadweep coral ecosystems. The isomeric ratios of individual PAH congeners and principal component analysis (PCA) indicate mixed sources of PAHs in the water column derived from pyrogenic, low-temperature combustion and petrogenic. The risk quotient (RQ) values in the dissolved form indicate moderate risk to the aquatic organisms, while they indicate moderate to severe risk in the particulate form., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To study phenotype-genotype data of Asian-Indian Kallmann syndrome (KS) from our center and systematically review the studies analyzing multiple congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) genes in KS cohorts using next-generation sequencing., Design, Patients, Measurement: Five hundred twenty-two KS probands (our center n = 78, published studies n = 444) were included in this systematic review. Molecular diagnosis was considered if the likely pathogenic/pathogenic variant in known CHH gene/s was reported in the appropriate allelic state. Varsome prediction tool (following American College of Medical Genetics standards) was used to analyze the variants., Result: For our center, the molecular diagnosis was seen in 20.5% of probands and was seen more often with severe than partial reproductive phenotype (28.3% vs. 4%, p = .0013). Our center data adds eight novel variants. The molecular diagnosis was seen in 31% as per the systematic review and analysis. It ranged from 16.6% to 72.2% at different centers. The affected genes were FGFR1 (9.8%), ANOS1 (7.5%), PROKR2 (6.1%), CHD7 (5.4%), oligogenic (2.1%), and others <1% each (FGF8, SOX10, PROK2, SEMA3A, IL17RD, and GNRHR). FGFR1 and ANOS1 were the commonly affected genes globally, whereas PROKR2 was commonest in studies from China and CHD7 from Japan, South Korea and Poland., Conclusion(s): This systematic review highlights that the genetic yield is 31% in KS probands, with distinct regional variations. The association of severe reproductive phenotype with the higher genetic yield needs further validation., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

In the present study, a total of 64 road dust samples were collected from five different functional areas (residential, commercial, parks, high-traffic, and industrial) in urban Lucknow to assess the accumulation, distribution, and health risk of heavy metals (HMs) (i.e., Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, Cr and Ni). Acid digestion methods were used to analyze HMs, followed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The ascending frequency of HMs was Cd < As < Ni < Cr < Pb < Cu < Zn < Mn < Fe for all different functional areas. Almost all HMs exceed the limits of Indian natural soil background values (INSB) across all functional areas. The pollution assessment results reveal that the urban road dust of Lucknow is highly enriched with Zn and Pb, causing deterioration of dust quality. The spatial distribution of HMs shows that road dust found in the central and southwestern zones of the Lucknow urban area are more contaminated than in other areas. The ecological risk assessment demonstrates that Cd was the highest risk contributor, followed by Pb, Zn and Cu. The result of the health risk assessment i.e., the cumulative hazard index (HI) and the cumulative lifetime cancer risk (LCR), reveal that children (mean HI children = 1.26, LCR children = 0.000187) are more vulnerable to HM exposure than adults (HI adults = 0.14, LCR adults = 0.0000804). For carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk, ingestion appears to be the major pathway of HM exposure in both age groups. It is alarming that all studied four carcinogenic HMs were found in concentrations higher than 1 × 10 -6 (the permissible limit for humans). This indicates slight chances of developing cancer for both age groups in all functional areas.

In December of 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan city, China and has been reported in many countries with millions of people infected within only four months. Chest computed Tomography (CT) has proven to be a useful supplement to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and has been shown to have high sensitivity to diagnose this condition. Therefore, radiological examinations are becoming crucial in early examination of COVID-19 infection. Currently, CT findings have already been suggested as an important evidence for scientific examination of COVID-19 in Hubei, China. However, classification of patient from chest CT images is not an easy task. Therefore, in this paper, a deep bidirectional long short-term memory network with mixture density network (DBM) model is proposed. To tune the hyperparameters of the DBM model, a Memetic Adaptive Differential Evolution (MADE) algorithm is used. Extensive experiments are drawn by considering the benchmark chest-Computed Tomography (chest-CT) images datasets. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed MADE-DBM model outperforms the competitive COVID-19 classification approaches in terms of various performance metrics. Therefore, the proposed MADE-DBM model can be used in real-time COVID-19 classification systems.