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With the rapid development of social media, people can access a large amount of data in a short period of time, and big data technology has emerged. With the vigorous development of cloud computing and big data, the method of mining audience interests through a large amount of data to guide film and television creation has attracted more and more attention from experts and scholars. In order to understand the current situation of film and television drama creation in China and provide suggestions for the shortcomings in the industry, this article mainly analyzes the application of intelligent algorithms for traffic prediction models and big data analysis in film and television creation. This intelligent algorithm can predict the potential audience of movies or TV dramas, helping producers and investors make decisions. This system utilizes artificial intelligence technology to select suitable actors for characters based on their matching degree and past work performance. This article applies intelligent algorithms to big data processing to improve the accuracy of data processing. This article explores the application of intelligent algorithms and big data analysis in film and television creation. Using machine learning algorithms to predict the potential audience of a movie or TV series based on historical data, providing decision-making basis for investors and producers. This system utilizes AI technology to select suitable actors for characters based on their matching degree with characters and past work performance, improving the scientific and accurate selection of roles. The application of these technologies helps to improve production efficiency and quality, reduce costs and risks, and inject new impetus into the sustainable development of the film and television industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Wendan decoction (WDD) has been used as a treatment for depression in China since the Tang Dynasty. However, high-quality evidence for this is lacking. This study proposed a novel synthetic external control method to evaluate its clinical efficacy. Methods We searched public databases for clinical trials of WDD for major depression. The rate of change of the Hamilton Depression Scale score from baseline was used as an efficacy indicator, and a model-based meta-analysis was performed to analyze the clinical efficacy of WDD. To establish a reference standard for efficacy, the antidepressant efficacy distributions of a placebo and 19 antidepressants were virtually synthesized based on the same conditions as the clinical trial characteristics of WDD. Results This study included 5 clinical trials with 177 participants. WDD showed a slow onset, with a time to reach the maximum effect of 9.71 weeks. At 8 weeks, the rate of change in the Hamilton Depression Scale score from baseline was 66.4% (95% CI = 62.3%–70.3%) in the WDD group. The pure effect value of WDD, after deducting the placebo effect, was 26.9% (95%CI = 23.0%–30.9%), which was comparable with 5 types of antidepressants and significantly higher than the others. Conclusion The proposed external synthetic control method provides a solution to the bottleneck problem of clinical efficacy evaluation in real-world research on traditional Chinese medicine. WDD has high clinical development value for the treatment of depression, and large-scale randomized controlled trials are recommended to confirm its antidepressant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three-dimensional MOOC analysis framework was developed, focusing on platform design, organizational mechanisms, and course construction. This framework aims to investigate the current situation of big data MOOCs in the intelligent era, particularly from the perspective of improving the mental health of college students; moreover, the framework summarizes the construction experience and areas for improvement. The construction of 525 big data courses on 16 MOOC platforms is compared and analyzed from three aspects: the platform (including platform construction, resource quantity, and resource quality), organizational mechanism (including the course opening unit, teacher team, and learning norms), and course construction (including course objectives, teaching design, course content, teaching organization, implementation, teaching management, and evaluation). Drawing from the successful practices of international big data MOOCs and excellent Chinese big data MOOCs, and considering the requirements of authoritative government documents, such as the no. 8 document (J.G. [2019]), no. 3 document (J.G. [2015]), no. 1 document (J.G. [2022]), as well as the "Educational Information Technology Standard CELTS-22—Online Course Evaluation Standard", recommendations about the platform, organizational mechanism, and course construction are provided for the future development of big data MOOCs in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production, transportation and use of chemicals can lead to the exposure of emerging contaminants to the environment. Emerging contaminants bring great risks to ecological environment and human health. The meaning, classification and hazard of emerging contaminants are briefly introduced. The distribution characteristics and pollution status of emerging contaminants in domestic are analyzed. And the environmental management policy development and monitoring treatment technique status quo of emerging contaminants are summarized. In view of the existing problems, suggestions are put forward from environmental management, monitoring and analysis technique, and treatment technique of emerging contaminants to provide reference for the realization of risk control of emerging contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alternaria mycotoxins are a class of important, agriculture-related hazardous materials, and their contamination in ruminant feeds and products might bring severe toxic effects to animals and even human beings. To control these hazardous compounds, a reliable and sensitive LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry) method was established for simultaneous determination of six target Alternaria mycotoxins in ruminant feeds, including ALT (Altenuene), AME (Alternariol Monomethyl Ether), AOH (Alternariol), ATX-Ι (Altertoxins I), TeA (Tenuazonic Acid), and TEN (Tentoxin). This developed analytical method was used for the determination of the presence of these substances in cattle and sheep feeds in Xinjiang Province, China. The results revealed that Alternaria mycotoxins are ubiquitously detected in feed samples. Especially, AME, AOH, TeA, and TEN are the most frequently found mycotoxins with a positive rate over 40% and a concentration range of 4~551 µg/kg. The proposed method could be applied for exposure investigation of Alternaria mycotoxins in ruminant feeds and for the reduction in the health risk to animals and even consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of Internet information technology, data mining technology has been applied in various fields of China's social and industrial development, and has promoted the quality development of the industry [1]. Nowadays, people are widely influenced by Internet computer technology, and the application of computer technology has been indispensable in life, work and study. At the same time, data mining technology arises from Internet communication technology and is used as an important technical means of operation and development by various industries, especially the application of data mining technology in university software engineering teaching is becoming more and more widespread, but there are still many unavoidable problems that require scholars to pay more attention. The article analyzes and discusses the significance of applying data mining technology in software engineering [2] , and on this basis, the application path of data mining technology in software engineering database design is proposed, including: mining information, mining loopholes, mining execution records and open source. It is hoped that relevant technology users can efficiently apply data mining technology to make software engineering It is more reasonable and efficient, so that software engineering can be further developed. This paper presents the implementation and performance analysis of the teacher management decision-making system based on data mining, and introduces the implementation process of the system in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China ranks first in the number of coal mines and coal production in the world, its geological conditions of coal storage and mining costs are inferior to other coal producing countries. However, China's attention and mining enthusiasm for coal have not decreased at all. The concentration of coal production has been increasing, and the important role and strategic position of the main coal producing areas in the central and western regions have become more and more prominent. In particular, the number of coal mines and accidents in Southwest China ranks first in the country. Contrary to the dominant position of state-owned coal companies in other regions of the country, there are more private coal companies in Southwest China. Take Liupanshui (LPS) as an example, considering the analysis of its coal geological conditions, high-quality development, industrial structure, potential risks, accident types, accident time and other safety conditions, regardless of regional factors, the safety situation of coal mine in LPS is an epitome of the China's private coal companies, which can be used for reference to improve the safety production situation in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-winding steel-wire–reinforced thermoplastic pipes (CSWRTPs) have been widely applied in oilfield gathering environments in China because of their excellent physical properties. In this study, the failure mode, short-term burst pressure, and strain for a CSWRTP with an external diameter of 75 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm under internal pressure are investigated through experimental measurements conducted with a burst test system and simulations completed with ANSYS software. A new three-dimensional finite-element burst failure model of CSWRTPs is proposed. Simulation results are in good agreement with the measurements. An axial ductile crack was found on the tested pipe with an uneven circumferential expansion deformation. The simulated short-term burst pressure is in a good agreement with the measured value (19.7 MPa) with an error of +8.7%. The growth of the strain is initially zero, followed by a linear growth, rapid growth, and a clifflike drop when the crack is generated. The effective plastic strain within the inner polyethylene liner is greater than that within the outer polyethylene sheath, and the effective stress within the inner steel wire is greater than that within the outer steel wire. The ultimate pressure–bearing capacity decreases linearly as the strength of the steel wire decreases. Therefore, reduction of the ultimate pressure–bearing capacity of CSWRTP results from the decrease of steel wire strength from corrosion when applied in oilfield gathering systems. This finite-element analysis method can provide a reference to optimize the structural design of CSWRTP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tree ring information dominates in dendrochronology, climatology, ecology, disaster, and environmental science. This study aims to accurately and rapidly obtain the tree ring information, particularly with the low labor intensity and simple operation. An analysis system was also designed for the tree annual ring information. The electro-mechanical design integrated with the hardware of the system, including a slide table module, a rotary encoder, a stepper motor, a shelf table, a hand wheel, two limiters, an industrial camera, an optical microscope, a computer and components, as well as the control boxes (integrated with self-designed collector and controller circuits). The upper computer software of the system was designed to communicate with the industrial camera, collector, and controller using C# language and OpenCvSharp toolkit. The annual information was then collected, processed, and stored in this case. The position calculation, motor control and image recognition were also utilized to design the image recognition using gray component and gray projection analysis. Two methods were designed for the tree ring information analysis in this system: 1) Electronic micro-position method. The spiral ranging method was utilized to measure the linear displacement of the sliding table using the rotary encoder and the collector. The tree ring line was then observed using the industrial camera instead of the traditional microscope. 2) Graph-motor assisted method. The electronic micro-position method was used to combine image recognition and stepper motor control. A field test was carried out to verify the measured tree ring width, the identified tree ring line, and the performance of the analysis system, compared with the traditional microscopes and optical calibration plate. Taking the Chinese pine, larch, poplar, and birch as the research objects, the wood cores of four tree species were collected as the tree ring samples for testing. The test results showed: firstly, the electronic micro-position method performed a 5.68 μm mean absolute error (MAE) and a 6.31 μm root mean square error (RMSE), whereas, the MAE and RMSE of the graph-motor assisted method was 7.84 and 8.62 μm respectivly, which was fully met the National Standards in China; secondly, the accuracy rates of the identification of tree ring line for Chinese pine, larch, poplar and birch species were 83.3%, 93.7%, 55.0%, and 68.3% respectively, and the average recall rates of identification of tree ring line for the coniferous and broad-leaved species group were 96.4%, and 72.6%, respectively, indicating the better performance to identify the annual ring line; thirdly, the average collection time of each tree ring was 1.58 s for the electronic micro-position method, while 1.24 s was for the graph-motor assisted method, which were about 19% and 36% more efficient than the conventional microscopic positioning method, respectively. In conclusion, the improved system presented strong practicability, high accuracy, high efficiency, low working fatigue, and low cost (less than 10 000 Yuan). Therefore, the information system of tree rings can also be expected to promote broad application prospects in multiple subject areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes a mathematical model for analyzing and predicting China's water resources. It first makes a macro-level early warning forecast for water storage across the country. The forecast adopts the revised forecast and linear forecast methods considering different weights. The macro warning of China's water supply and demand shows that the forecast result is in accordance with China's existing forecasts, and the error is less than 5%. The coupling model based on the Particle Swarm Optimization is adopted in the optimization of the water transfer plan, and the optimal plan for the regulation and control project is obtained through multiple iterations in the D-dimensional space at the micro level. The optimal plan for the social and ecological environment and the fuzzy optimal model are used to demonstrate the optimal plan. This paper further discusses the negative impacts of various beneficial projects on the environment and water conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

China faces a difficult choice of maintaining socioeconomic development and carbon emissions mitigation. Analyzing the decoupling relationship between economic development and carbon emissions and its driving factors from a regional perspective is the key for the Chinese government to achieve the 2030 emission reduction target. This study adopted the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method and Tapio index, decomposed the driving forces of the decoupling, and measured the sector's decoupling states from carbon emissions in Xinjiang province, China. The results found that: (1) Xinjiang's carbon emissions increased from 93.34 Mt in 2000 to 468.12 Mt in 2017. Energy-intensive industries were the key body of carbon emissions in Xinjiang. (2) The economic activity effect played the decisive factor to carbon emissions increase, which account for 93.58%, 81.51%, and 58.62% in Xinjiang during 2000–2005, 2005–2010, and 2010–2017, respectively. The energy intensity effect proved the dominant influence for carbon emissions mitigation, which accounted for −22.39% of carbon emissions increase during 2000–2010. (3) Weak decoupling (WD), expansive coupling (EC), expansive negative decoupling (END) and strong negative decoupling (SND) were identified in Xinjiang during 2001 to 2017. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita elasticity has a major inhibitory effect on the carbon emissions decoupling. Energy intensity elasticity played a major driver to the decoupling in Xinjiang. Most industries have not reached the decoupling state in Xinjiang. Fuel processing, power generation, chemicals, non-ferrous, iron and steel industries mainly shown states of END and EC. On this basis, it is suggested that local governments should adjust the industrial structure, optimize energy consumption structure, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction to tap the potential of carbon emissions mitigation in key sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to explore the moderating effect of comic education and locus of control (LOC) in innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. Firstly, the theoretical knowledge of comic education, innovation and entrepreneurship education, and LOC was briefly introduced, and the significance of comics for innovation and entrepreneurship education was discussed. Secondly, the existing innovation and entrepreneurship education modes in colleges and universities in China were introduced. Thirdly, a simple comparative analysis was conducted on the internal and external characteristics of LOC. Finally, an investigation was performed on the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of college students. The results demonstrate that the average score of students' innovation spirit is 3.302, with a standard deviation of 0.481, suggesting that the current college students' overall innovative spirit is moderate. Besides, students get moderate scores in each dimension, and the difference between different students is slight. Among them, the mean of reflectiveness is the highest (M = 3.446, SD = 0.540), and the mean of criticality is the lowest (M = 3.160, SD = 0.481). The average score of the current students' entrepreneurial ability is 3.112, indicating that the students' entrepreneurial ability is above the average. From the perspective of each dimension, students have the lowest score in opportunity discovery ability, which is at a low level (M = 2.821, SD = 0.873), while the other five dimensions are at a medium level. The highest is strategic decision-making ability (M = 3.264, SD = 0.749). At the same time, factors such as gender, grade, institution, and students' relatives significantly impact students' innovation and entrepreneurship ability. It can be concluded that colleges and universities should focus on controlling the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship teaching and guiding and carrying out innovation and entrepreneurship practice activities. They should also encourage students to participate in courses and activities related to innovation and entrepreneurship to improve college students' innovation and entrepreneurship ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, and low degree of mechanization of artificial soil clearing and considering that grapevines are easy to be damaged in northern China, a brush roll grapevine cold-proof soil clearing device suitable for removing soil in northern grape planting areas is studied and designed. The machine is mainly composed of a suspension device, soil removing device, hydraulic control system, telescopic device, etc. In this paper, a brush roll grapevine cold-proof soil clearing device was fabricated to investigate critical parameters such as rotation rate of soil removing device, brush spacing, and brush wire length on the machine performance. The three-factor and three-level quadratic regression orthogonal tests were carried out with the rotation rate of soil removing device, brush spacing, and brush wire length were taken as experimental factors and the soil removal rate and soil clearing distance were used as the evaluation indexes of soil clearing effect. The results show that the influence order of three factors on the soil removal rate was: rotation rate of soil removing device > brush spacing > brush wire length. The order of influence on the soil clearing distance was: rotation rate of soil removing device > brush wire length > brush spacing. The results show that when the rotation rate of the soil removing device was 248.71 r/min, brush spacing was 18.84 mm and brush wire length was 329.3 mm, the soil removal rate was 91.62% and the soil clearing distance was 11.63 cm. The relative error between the experimental verification value and the theoretical optimization value is less than 4%. This study provides the theoretical basis for the development of other types of grapevine coldproof soil clearing devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the behavior of the borehole temperature recovery process, which influences drilling operations, requires an adequate estimation of fluid temperature. The presence of salt in a saline formation changes the composition of the annular fluid and has a significant impact on the fluid temperature distribution during drilling operations. As a result, while drilling a saline formation, it is vital to examine the key parameter that determines an accurate estimate of fluid temperature. Using python software and statistical quantitative methods, this study proposes a simplified user-friendly computational system that analyzes the drilling fluid systems performance evaluation and selection optimization. The fluid temperature distribution of X Field in China was analyzed using Shan mathematical model as a base model. When compared to MWD data from the field, the model predicted the temperature distribution of the field with less than 10% error. An adjustment factor was introduced to the base model to accommodate for changes in annular fluid composition while drilling a saline formation. The findings show that salt concentration has an impact on fluid temperature distribution during drilling. The fluid temperature at the wellbore condition changes by at least 7% with both high and low adjustment factors. Because the salt in the formation inflow dissolves in the drilling fluid near the annulus, the rheology of the fluid combination changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have reported that miR-21 levels are different between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and healthy controls, which could be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for HCC. However, the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC varied greatly in previous studies. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to provide higher grade evidence to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC. The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese databases (CNKI and VIP) were searched. The indices of miR-21 in the diagnosis of HCC were pooled using bivariate random-effect models. QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. All statistical analyses were performed by STATA (12.0) software. Totally, 1589 subjects from 14 publications were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.83 (0.77–0.88), 0.80 (0.74–0.85), 4.12 (3.04–5.57), 0.21 (0.15–0.30), and 0.88 (0.85–0.91), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the AUC was higher in Non-China subgroup, qRT-PCR subgroup, and plasma subgroup than that in China subgroup, ddPCR subgroup, and serum subgroup, respectively. However, the AUC was not significantly different between the healthy control subgroup and chronic hepatitis control subgroup. Significant heterogeneity was found in this meta-analysis, while no evident publication bias was identified. miR-21 is a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The service areas of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) are China, the Asia–Pacific, and the world via three stages of development. The BDS constellation is designed to maintain a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO), and medium Earth orbit (MEO). These orbital maneuvers yield certain difficulties for data processing, especially for the BeiDou satellites, such as a decrease in the real-time service performance, which causes a missing precise orbit product from the maneuvered satellites. The frequencies of the orbital maneuvers for the GEO and IGSO satellites are higher than those for the MEO satellites. The maneuvering time and strategy cannot be obtained by common users due to secrecy, which can yield a decline in the service performance of the BDS. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the variation in the orbital semimajor axis for the satellites. The long-term variation in the orbital semimajor axis changes linearly. The short-term variation in the orbital semimajor axis also has periodicity, which can be described by the sum of sine functions. According to the long-term variation in the orbital semimajor axis for the satellites, we propose a detection method for in-plane orbital maneuvering of the GEO, IGSO, and MEO satellites. We then propose a detection method for out-of-plane maneuvering of the GEO satellites. BDS and Global Positioning System (GPS) data from the broadcast ephemeris were analyzed to verify the proposed methods. The experimental results from 2013 to 2019 show that the frequency of orbital maneuvering is approximately once a month for the GEO satellites, once every six months for the IGSO satellites, and once every 1.4 years for the MEO satellites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of sacral-2-alar (S2-alar) screw placement by measuring the length, diameter, and angle of the screw trajectory on computed tomography (CT). Methods: This study selected 100 Han-nationality adults in northern China with a normal spine and pelvis. CT data were imported into PHILIPS software for reconstructing the 3D digital images. The optimal S2-alar screw trajectory was imitated on CT. Parameters including the length of the screw trajectory, sagittal angle, coronal angle, distance between the entry point and the spinous process, and minimum diameter of the screw trajectory were measured to evaluate the application of S2-alar screws. Results: In total, 48 males and 52 females were included. The average length of the left screw trajectory was 47.18 ± 3.91 mm. The sagittal angle was 29.06 ± 4.00°. The coronal angle was 13.31 ± 6.95°. The distance between the entry point and the spinous process was 21.0 (3.7) mm. The minimum diameter of the screw trajectory was 17.1 (2.3) mm. The average length of the right screw trajectory was 45.46 ± 4.37 mm. The sagittal angle was 23.33 ± 4.26°. The coronal angle was 14.88 ± 6.84°. The distance between the entry point and the spinous process was 22.8 (2.9) mm. The minimum diameter of the screw trajectory was 16.9 (3.1) mm. In women, the average length of the left screw trajectory was 44.80 ± 3.66 mm. The sagittal angle was 32.14 ± 5.48°. The coronal angle was 16.04 ± 7.74°. The distance between the entry point and the spinous process was 21.8 (2.8) mm. The minimum diameter of the screw trajectory was 17.1 (5) mm. The average length of the right screw trajectory was 44.01 ± 3.72 mm. The sagittal angle was 25.12 ± 5.19. The coronal angle was 16.67 ± 8.34°. The distance between the entry point and the spinous process was 21.6 (2.7) mm. The minimum diameter of the screw trajectory was 17 (4.5) mm. As seen from the data, there were significant differences in the minimum diameter of the screw trajectory in both males and females. In females, there were also significant differences between the left and right sides in the coronal angle. Between males and females, there were statistically significant differences in the length of the screw trajectory. There were no statistically significant differences in the other parameters between males and females. Conclusion: The optimal screw trajectory of the S2-alar screw can be found on CT. The length and deflection angle of the screw meet the clinical requirements. This method is easy to perform and feasible for clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The paper was to understand the current situation of alien species at Panjin port, and provide the reference basis for the development, construction and management of Panjin port. [Method] The species, life forms and habitats, place of origin and invasion mode of alien pests at Panjin port were studied by the way of route survey, combined with literatures and molecular biology methods. [Result] A total of 137 species of weeds and insects were preliminarily identified at Panjin port. There were 84 species of weeds belonging to 25 families, 39 of which were alien species and 3 were quarantine weeds. There were 56 species of insects belonging to 30 families, all of which were native to China. (i) There were 29 species of Compositae weeds, accounting for 35.8% of the total. fii) Weeds were mainly annual and biennial. fiii) There were 24 species of weeds native to America, accounting for 61.5% of the total; followed by those native to Europe, with a total of 12 species, accounting for 30.8%. fiv) Weeds had poor growth, so there was no invasion, and they can be eradicated once discovered. [Conclusion] In the newly opened grain berths at Panjin port, it is suggested that all departments strictly check the pass, strengthen supervision and monitoring, scientifically introduce seeds, strengthen public education, raise public awareness, and improve the control system of alien pests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the current status of revision of drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine in China, so as to promote the standardization and rationalization of Chinese traditional patent medicine. METHODS: Relevant laws and regulations of drug instructions in China were reviewed. The announcement on drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine in China published on the website of the State Drug Administration from Mar. 2010 to Sept. 2019 were collected. Related data of varieties and revision items of Chinese traditional patent medicine were analyzed, and the existing problems in revision of drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine were summarized. RESULTS: In the past 10 years, the State Drug Administration had issued a total of 83 announcements and notices for the revision of drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine, there were 167 varieties of Chinese traditional patent medicine, including 66 kinds of prescription drugs and 101 kinds of over-the-counter drugs. The revision items were mainly taboos, cautions, adverse drug reactions and warning words. However, through daily practice, it was found that there were still some problems in drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine, such as non-standard writing, poor implementation, insufficient supervision and weak binding force of relevant laws and regulations, which had severe impacts on the safety of medication for patients. CONCLUSIONS: The revision of drug instructions of Chinese traditional patent medicine in China still has problems such as missing contents, which need to be further improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precipitation related to atmospheric rivers (ARs) is critical in shaping climate and extreme hydrologic events in the mid‐latitude coastal regions, making it a recent topic of intense research. This study has analysed the AR climatology, AR‐precipitation characteristics and their regional variations in East Asia (EA) for 1979–2015 using an AR inventory based on vertically‐integrated water‐vapour transport and AR geometry. The AR frequency over EA varies seasonally with highest (lowest) frequency in summer (winter). The AR frequency peaks in the coastal regions of the mid‐latitude western North Pacific (WNP), then decreases rapidly away from the region towards higher/lower latitudes and inlands. ARs are related to 30–60% of the annual precipitation in EA with maximum in summer; secondary peaks occur in spring in eastern China, Korea and southern Japan, and in winter for the southern China coast. Calculating the AR precipitation on days of partial AR occurrences from daily precipitation data is a key source of uncertainties in the AR‐precipitation fraction in this study. The AR days are substantially more related to heavy precipitation than non‐AR days for all seasons and regions. Seasonal cycle of AR frequency over EA and the WNP follows the northward march of the main rainband from spring to mid‐summer, but is decoupled from it from late summer to winter as the North Pacific storm track migrates into the Eastern North Pacific. The annual cycle of AR frequency and AR precipitation varies regionally; Japan and southern China adjacent to WNP show high (low) frequency of weak‐ (heavy‐) precipitating ARs in early spring (late fall) with highly frequent heavy‐precipitating ARs in summer while the mid‐latitude coastal regions, eastern China and Korea, show low frequency of heavy‐precipitating ARs in early fall with highly frequent heavy‐precipitating ARs in mid‐summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel coronavirus has had a huge impact on the world, not only for those infected, but for the population at large in the context of the work, money incoming, economy. In this paper, our objective is to study different types of tweets collected from Twitter from different perspectives of analysis, and machine learning classification. Previous work extracted a large corpus of tweets based on keywords such as [الصین ، تفشي ، السفر ، كورونا,[which translate to China, Corona, outbreak, travel; however, we hypothesis that not all these are genuinely relevant to Covid-19. In this work, we combine different machine learning models to classify tweets into those that do discuss the Coronavirus and those that do not. In our result, based on the different analysis and models, we have seen that more than 55% of these tweets were talking about topics other than the Coronavirus. These indicates the care that must be taken when extracting tweets, particularly in a language like Arabic, which has many nuances that make simple keyword approaches prone to error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedestrian-car interweaving is a prominent problem in old residential communities in Chinese cities. To achieve a better pedestrian-car separation to create a safe and comfortable living environment in old residential communities, this paper investigated the mechanism of the flows of pedestrians and cars on a road network inside an old residential community. A method for calculating the flows of pedestrians and cars was proposed to identify the road segments or nodes where the pedestrian flows are interlaced or intersected with the vehicle flows. This method was applied to the estimation of the traffic in the Wangyuehu Community of Changsha City, China. The estimated distribution of community network traffic and pedestrian-car interweaving sites was consistent with the actual situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pakistan performed better than China in terms of GDP per capita before 1993, but after that, China experienced 2.39 to 13.63 % annual growth rate compared to -1.45 to 6.68 % for Pakistan. High growth in GDP accompanied by low population growth rate in China compared to Pakistan resulted in GDP per capita of US $ 8123.18 for China and US $ 1468.19 for Pakistan. The percentage contribution of agriculture in the GDP showed a decreasing trend while the agricultural value addition indicated an increasing trend for both China and Pakistan. Yields of major crops, values of human development index and its various components, and saving rate were substantially higher in China compared to Pakistan. China experienced 0.5-0.6 percent population growth rate compared to 2.1 for Pakistan for the period 2000-2015. Regression results showed that human development index and saving rate have positive significant influence, while population growth rate showed negative effect on GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, by means of quantitative and qualitative analysis based on a vast investigation, talks about the anomie in China's academic publishing from the following three aspects: first, disorders in format; second, misspellings & improper expressions of English language; third, misconduct in ethics. It introduces renovation measures taken by the country's related authorities and practitioners and probes into the deep-seated reasons why so little effect has so far been achieved. It's the first time that scholars have ever reviewed disorders in China's academic publishing in such a multi-dimensional scope. Through briefing the raft of reforms currently launched by the Chinese Communist Party and the State Council, the author expresses her expectation on the upturn of the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grain impurity rate is an important index for assessing the quality of mechanical maize harvesting. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the current situation of maize impurity rate and study the factors that affect the impurity rate in order to promote the development of mechanical maize harvesting technology. From 2012 to 2019, a total of 2504 maize impurity rate measurements were obtained. The results showed that the average impurity rate at maize harvest was 1.18% in China, in which the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize area was 1.68%, which was significantly higher than the 0.65% in the Northwest spring maize area and 0.77% in the North China spring maize area. There was a significant positive correlation between the impurity rate and the moisture content of the maize harvest. The average moisture content of maize at harvest in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize area was the highest at 27.55%, which was the main reason for the high impurity rate in this area. When harvesting different varieties with the same moisture content, there were significant differences in the impurity rate between different varieties. The cob hardness of the variety may also affect the impurity rate of maize. Different harvesters and weather conditions during harvesting are also important factors affecting the impurity rate. Therefore, by breeding fast dehydrated varieties and harvesting maize in time, the impurity rate of maize during mechanical harvesting can be effectively reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to ascertain the current conditions and development in the past three years of clinical transfusion practice in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China. Blood quality control practices and the blood production scrap rate from 2015–2017 were monitored and measured using different quality statistics and management tools. The causes of unqualified and scrapped blood during blood collection and supply were analyzed and evaluated. The analysis of the key indices for blood component quality control showed that the qualified rate of FVIII activity (from fresh frozen plasma) was 54.55%, which failed to meet the threshold of 75%. Retrospective analysis of conventional blood scrapping factors showed that laboratory scraps accounted for the majority. The composition ratio of TTI screening results included ALT (31.91%), HBV (21.92%), TP (12.15%), NAT (10.78%), HCV (8.45%), and HIV (7.43%). Retrospective analysis of unconventional blood scrapping factors showed that the total unconventional blood depletion rate was 0.565%. Insufficient or small quantities of collected blood was the most important factor related to unconventional scrapping. The blood donor and blood hospital service satisfaction rates were over 95% and 90%, respectively, which achieved the quality target. Nonconforming product control was proposed and determined as the urgent theme of the first QCC. It is necessary for blood stations to effectively control blood scrapping, which can reduce the cost of blood collection, protect the blood donation of unpaid blood donors, increase the rate of repeated blood donation, and improve blood safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precipitation over the mid‐lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), which is a typical East Asian monsoon region in China, is strongly impacted by oceanic moisture exports (OMEs) and features variability at multiple spatial‐temporal scales, resulting in frequent floods and droughts. We focus on two key issues of OME and its relevance to the summer rainfall variability over the YRB: determination of the individual contributions of OME from three specific oceanic sub‐regions: the Arabian Sea (ARS), Bay of Bengal (BOB), and South China Sea (SCS), and their roles in the inter‐annual variability and decadal changes in YRB summer rainfall. Using a Lagrangian forward trajectories tracing approach, we create a catalogue of OME‐based diagnosed precipitation fields for three sub‐regions spanning the summer seasons (May to August) of 1980–2013 with 6‐hourly resolution using ERA‐Interim data. The results show that the pattern of the diagnosed OME‐based precipitation resembles the observed pattern over the YRB in terms of climatology and temporal variation. Climatologically, the SCS region accounts for the largest relative contribution (60.7%), followed by the ARS (30.8%), whereas the contributions of the BOB (8.5%) are almost negligible. On the inter‐annual scale, the variation in OME‐based rainfall originated from the ARS, and the BOB is out of phase with that of the SCS. In contrast to climatology, the inter‐annual changes in rainfall over the YRB are primarily modulated by the variation in the OME from the ARS. However, for the decadal changes, particularly in 1992/1993 over the YRB, the SCS and ARS are equivalent contributors to the summer precipitation over the YRB. These findings thus provide new insights into our understanding of the multi‐scale variability of summer precipitation over the YRB region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Loss of pod dehiscence was a key step in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] domestication. Genome-wide association analysis for soybean shattering identified loci harboring Pdh1, NST1A and SHAT1-5. Pairwise epistatic interactions were observed, and the dehiscent Pdh1 overcomes resistance conferred by NST1A or SHAT1-5 locus. Further candidate gene association analysis identified a nonsense mutation in NST1A associated with pod dehiscence. Geographic analysis showed that in Northeast China (NEC), indehiscence at both Pdh1 and NST1A were required in cultivated soybean, while indehiscent Pdh1 alone is capable of preventing shattering in Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) valleys. Indehiscent Pdh1 allele was only identified in wild soybean (Glycine soja L.) accession from HHH valleys suggesting that it may have originated in this region. No specific indehiscence was required in Southern China. Geo-climatic investigation revealed strong correlation between relative humidity and frequency of indehiscent Pdh1 across China. This study demonstrates that epistatic interaction between Pdh1 and NST1A fulfills a pivotal role in determining the level of resistance against pod dehiscence, and humidity shapes the distribution of indehiscent alleles. Our results give further evidence to the hypothesis that HHH valleys was at least one of the origin centers of cultivated soybean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The milk bar is an emerging style of retail business that mainly produces pasteurized milk (PM) and other dairy products on-site in many large cities of the People's Republic of China. To date, no data about veterinary drug residues in PM samples produced from milk bars have been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety of PM from a total of 182 PM samples collected from milk bars from 10 provincial capital cities and to analyze the residues of seven classes of 61 veterinary drugs. First, the chemical components were screened with test kits, and then the positive samples were further confirmed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that 15 (8.24%) samples were screened positive for veterinary drugs, and six drugs in 11 (6.04%) samples were confirmed. The veterinary drugs detected were penicillin G (2.20%), tetracycline (1.10%), tylosin (1.10%), amoxicillin (0.55%), oxytetracycline (0.55%), and gentamicin (0.55%), with maximum residue levels of 3.4, 11.9, 28.2, 3.0, 26.9, and 63.5 μg kg−1, respectively. Veterinary drug residues were detected as positive in 7 of 10 cities, with the highest detection rate as 14.29% in Urumqi. No positive samples were found in the cities of Nanjing, Tianjin, and Nanning. All detected drug levels were far below the maximum residue levels regulated by China, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This suggests that the overall veterinary drug residues in PM in milk bars reached the safety code of the country. However, potential risks still exist, and continuous attention should be paid to guarantee the safety of this milk product in the future. Sixty-one drug residues in Chinese milk bars pasteurized milk were first reported. Test kits combined with mass spectrometry were used for drug residue analysis. Six drugs in 11 (6.04%) samples were confirmed with residue levels below MRLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of medicinal plants has had a long history, and especially with regard to assessing a plant's quality. The first techniques were organoleptic using the physical senses of taste, smell, and appearance. Then gradually these led on to more advanced instrumental techniques. Though different countries have their own traditional medicines China currently leads the way in terms of the number of publications focused on medicinal plant analysis and number of inclusions in their Pharmacopoeia. The monographs contained within these publications give directions on the type of analysis that should be performed, and for manufacturers, this typically means that they need access to more and more advanced instrumentation. We have seen developments in many areas of analytical analysis and particularly the development of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods and the hyphenation of these techniques. The ability to process data using multivariate analysis software has opened the door to metabolomics giving us greater capacity to understand the many variations of chemical compounds occurring within medicinal plants, allowing us to have greater certainty of not only the quality of the plants and medicines but also of their suitability for clinical research. Refinements in technology have resulted in the ability to analyze and categorize plants effectively and be able to detect contaminants and adulterants occurring at very low levels. However, advances in technology cannot provide us with all the answers we need in order to deliver high-quality herbal medicines and the more traditional techniques of assessing quality remain as important today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to identify the rare thalassemia genotype in a family and perform prenatal diagnosis (PND) on the proband's unborn child. Peripheral blood was collected from the family members for hematology analysis and capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis. Peripheral blood and cord blood were analyzed by gap-polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR), reverse dot-blot and Sanger sequencing for genotypes of α-thalassemia (α-thal). A heterozygous mutation, HBA2: c.1A>G, was identified in the proband and his father. Two compound heterozygous variants, HBA2: c.1A>G and the – –SEA (Southeast Asian) deletion, were revealed in the proband's unborn child. The hemoglobin (Hb) CE result of the fetal cord blood indicated the fetus had Hb H disease. We have identified a rare thalassemia mutation (HBA2: c.1A>G) in a Chinese family and enriched the rare α-thal gene pool in the Chinese population. When the patient's phenotype does not match the genotype detected by thalassemia gene detection kits, further investigation of rare genotypes should be conducted to avoid missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, which can help guide clinical diagnosis, population screening and genetic counseling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The super larger span tunnel is a common form of highway reconstruction and expansion projects in recent years. In order to determine the stability of tunnel structure of the two-step and three-section excavation method of the III-level surrounding rock mass of the super larger span highway, the field test method was adopted. Relying on the Laohushan Tunnel in Jinan, Shandong, China, the deformation and the structure performance of the super larger span tunnel in III-level surrounding rock mass are analyzed, and the safety of the tunnel and the support structure is evaluated on this basis. The results show that the maximum settlement of the arch section of the Grade III surrounding rock section is 12.5mm, and the maximum clearance convergence is 5.8mm. Both of them are much smaller than the design reserved deformation of 80mm. The maximum pressure of the surrounding rock is 0.091MPa, showing that the force acting on the supporting structure by surrounding rock mass is small. The inner and outer arched parts of the steel frame are subject to large stresses, and most of them are tensile stresses. The maximum stress of the steel frame is 283 MPa, and occurs at the inner side of right arch waist. Although the local stress exceeds the yield strength of the steel (235 MPa), it does not exceed its ultimate compressive strength of 400 MPa, and the tensile and compressive stress values of the other inner and outer parts do not exceed the yield strength. Mainly, the maximum stress appears on the left side wall, reaching 4.83 MPa, which is far less than the ultimate compressive strength of sprayed concrete (11.9 MPa). For super larger span highway tunnels, located in III-level surrounding rock mass, constructed by two-step and three-section excavation method, the initial support effectively controlled the tunnel deformation, the supporting structures were fully protected and the tunnel structure was stable. The super larger span tunnel is a common form in the road reconstruction and expansion project in recent years. In order to determine the stability of tunnel structure of the two steps and three excavation method of the III-level surrounding rock mass of the super larger span highway, the field test method was adopted. Relying on the Laohushan Tunnel, the deformation and the structure performance of the super larger span tunnel in III-level surrounding rock mass were analyzed. The results show that the maximum settlement of arch of the III-level surrounding rock mass is 12.5mm in super larger span highway tunnel, and the maximum clearance convergence is 5.8mm. Both of them are smaller than the design reserved deformation of 80mm. The maximum surrounding rock mass pressure is 0.091MPa, the force acting on the supporting structure by surrounding rock mass are small. The inner and outer arched parts of the steel frame bear larger stress, and are mostly tensile stress. The maximum stress on inner side of the steel frame is 283 MPa, and occurs at the right arch waist. The maximum stress on the outer side of the steel frame is184 MPa, and occurs at the vault. The steel frame plays an important role in the initial support, however the force does not reach the yield strength of the steel. The shotcrete is subjected to pressure, the maximum stress appears on the left side wall is 4.83 MPa, which is much smaller than the ultimate compressive strength of shotcrete of 25 MPa. So for super larger span highway tunnels, located in III-level surrounding rock mass, constructed by two-step and three-excavation method, the whole structure is stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wool Textile Journal is the property of National Wool Textile Science & Technology Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Specific to problems of the existing round bale wrapping machine in China, such as small application scope and failing to satisfy the wrapping demands of round bales of different specifications, a tumbler-type round bale wrapping machine based on wrapping silage with stretch film was designed. By theoretical analysis and preliminary experiments of the corresponding wrapping process, revolving speed of tumbler, speed ratio between tumbler and carrier rollers, and pre-load force of stretch film were determined as experimental factors, while wrapping time and consumption of stretch film per unit mass of round bale were determined as evaluation indexes. Furthermore, quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination experimental design was adopted to carry out the wrapping experiment. The regression models were set up, and influencing rules of experimental factors on evaluation indexes were also analyzed. The optimal parameter combination scheme was revolving speed of tumbler of 31-32 r/min, speed ratio between tumbler and carrier rollers of 2.6, and pre-load force of stretch film of 20-22 N. Under such a circumstance, the corresponding wrapping time required was 37.7-38.9 s and consumption of stretch film per unit mass of round bale was 3.21-3.46 kg/t. The predicted values and the measured values of evaluation indexes basically coincided with each other and the relative error fell below 5%, which indicated that both the optimized regression models acquired through the wrapping experiment and the relevant parameter optimization results were reliable. To guarantee the quality of rice straw silage, the round bale should be wrapped by no less than five layers of stretch films through the utilization of the tumbler-type round bale wrapping machine. The study results could be used as references for research and development of the round bale wrapping machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study assesses the style of tutor-postgraduate interactions in Chinese medical colleges and explores the association between postgraduates' demographic factors and tutors' demographic characteristics., Methods: With the stratified sampling method, a cross-sectional online survey was used. A total of 813 medical postgraduates were recruited as participants, with an effective response rate of 85.49%. The two dimensions of "Professional Ability Interaction" and "Comprehensive Cultivation Interaction" in the self-developed "Instructor-Graduate Interaction Scale for Medical Colleges" were used as dependent variables. And tutors' demographic characteristics and postgraduates' demographic characteristics were taken as independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of Tutor-Postgraduates Interactions in medical colleges., Results: The Tutor-Postgraduates Interaction scale consists of 14 items from the two dimensions of "Professional Ability Interaction" and "Comprehensive Cultivation Interaction". The results of the logistic regression analysis show the reasons for selecting the mentor students (industry recognition, the tutor's research direction, charm in attracting mentors, and recommendations for mentor selection); student to mentor satisfaction; student to study life satisfaction; and regular academic seminars. Indirect guidance and a high postgraduate grade high are the protective factors of interaction between tutors and postgraduates of medical colleges and universities postgraduates. Older mentors and more graduate tutors are the risk factors for Tutor-Postgraduates Interaction in medical colleges (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The current study proposes that managers should pay more attention to the double-track promotion of "Professional Ability Interaction" and "Comprehensive Cultivation Interaction". We should not only pay attention to the cultivation of postgraduates' professional ability but also pay more attention to the comprehensive cultivation including postgraduates' mental and psychological aspects. The interaction between tutors and postgraduates in medical colleges is generally good, but much attention should be given to the dual-track promotion mentioned above. Regular academic seminars play an important role in the process of postgraduate training. The research findings, including the influencing factors regarding tutor-postgraduate interactions, the Professional Ability Interaction and Comprehensive Cultivation Interaction, are very informative and can contribute to strategies for postgraduate management systems that enhance this relationship., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Background: CVB5 can cause respiratory infections. However, the molecular epidemiological information about CVB5 in respiratory tract samples is still limited. Here, we report five cases in which CVB5 was detected in sputum sample of pneumonia children patients from Kunming, Southwest China., Methods: CVB5 isolates were obtained from sputum samples of patients with pneumonia. Whole-genome sequencing of CVB5 isolates was performed using segmented PCR, and phylogenetic, mutation and recombination analysis. The effect of mutations in the VP1 protein on hydration were analyzed by Protscale. The tertiary models of VP1 proteins were established by Colabfold, and the effect of mutations in VP1 protein on volume modifications and binding affinity were analyzed by Pymol software and PROVEAN., Results: A total of five CVB5 complete genome sequences were obtained. No obvious homologous recombination signals comparing with other coxsackie B viruses were observed in the five isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the five CVB5 sputum isolates were from an independent branch in genogroup E. Due to the mutation, the structure and spatial of the VP1 protein N-terminus have changed significantly. Comparing to the Faulkner (CVB5 prototype strain), PROVEAN revealed three deleterious substitutions: Y75F, N166T (KM35), T140I (KM41). The last two of the three deleterious substitutions significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the residues., Conclusions: We unexpectedly found five cases of CVB5 infection instead of rhinoviruses infection during our routine surveillance of rhinoviruses in respiratory tract samples. All five patients were hospitalized with pneumonia symptoms and were not tested for enterovirus during their hospitalization. This report suggests that enterovirus surveillance in patients with respiratory symptoms should be strengthened., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

With the development of the economy and industrial construction, air quality deteriorates dramatically in China and seriously threatens people's health. To investigate which factors most affect air quality and provide a useful tool to assist the prediction and early warning of air pollution in urban areas, we applied a sensor that observed air quality big data, information theory-based predictor significance identification, and PEK-based machine learning to air quality index (AQI) analysis and prediction in this paper. We found that the stability of air quality has a high relationship with absolute air quality, and that improvement of air quality can also improve stability. Air quality in southern and western cities is better than that of northern and eastern cities. AQI time series of cities with closer geophysical locations have a closer relationship with others. PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 are the most important impact factors. The machine learning-based prediction is useful for AQI prediction and early warning. This tool could be applied to other city's air quality monitoring and early warning to further verify its effectiveness and robustness. Finally, we suggested the use of a training data sample with better quality and representatives to further improve AQI prediction model performance in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE :To investigate the irrational prescriptions among hospitals at different levels in Chaoshan and its differences and reasons, and probe into the countermeasures to improve the quality of prescriptions.METHODS: 15 100 outpatient prescriptions of 6 hospitals at different levels (Class A tertiary, Class B tertiary, Class A secondary, 2 for each) in 3 cities in Chaoshan in 2014 were selected and analyzed.RESULTS:The rate of irrational prescriptions in class A tertiary hospitals was 4.75% (99/2 084), that of class B tertiary hospitals was 4.87% (194/3 982), that of class A secondary hospitals was 3.92% (354/9 034), all of which were lower than the national regulation of 5%.Irrational prescriptions mainly included non-standard prescriptions, inappropriate medication and abnormal prescriptions.Of non-standard prescriptions, lacuna of preface, main body and postscript, non-standard or unrecognized writing were the most commonly seen in class A tertiary hospitals and class A secondary hospitals (16 prescriptions, 16.16% : 111 prescriptions, 31.36%), no clinical diagnoses or incomplete writing of clinical diagnoses were the most commonly seen in class B tertiary hospitals (59 prescriptions, 30.41%).Of inappropriate medication, inappropriate indication accounted the most in class A tertiary hospitals (22 prescriptions, 22.22%) and class B tertiary hospitals (34 prescriptions, 17.52%), while repetitive medication accounted the most in class A secondary hospitals (47 prescriptions, 13.28%).Of abnormal prescriptions, noindication medication was the most commonly seen in any hospitals at different levels, however, abnormal prescriptions medication and repetitive medication without justified reasons were not found in class A tertiary hospitals.CONCLUSIONS: The outpatient prescriptions among hospitals at different levels in Chaoshan were basically rational, in addition, irrational medication and irrational prescriptions need further intervention, so as to improve the quality of prescriptions, ensure safe medication and promote rational medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread quickly all over the world. The number of studies in this field being performed and published is increasing day by day. The aim of this study is to analyze the publications in the field of COVID-19 with the help of bibliometric methods. After bibliometric analysis, the second aim is to investigate the relationship between the number of publications in countries and the number of total cases., Methods: The data in the study were taken from the Web of Science (WOS) site. Analyses and mapping processes were performed using VOSviewer and SPSS package program. The words "COVID-19", "Novel Coronavirus", "2019-nCoV", "SARS-CoV-2" were used as key words for analysis. The data include publications from 2019 to 2021 (January 10)., Results: As a result of the study, a total of 38,080 publications were evaluated. It was determined that the countries with the highest number of publications on COVID-19 were China and the United States, and the country with the highest number of citations was China. Most of the studies in the field of COVID-19 have been conducted on General Internal Medicine and Public Enviromental Occupational Health. In addition, statistically significant relationships were observed between the number of publications and the number of total cases in terms of countries (r = 0.806; P < 0.001)., Conclusions: As a result, bibliometric analysis about COVID-19 can be useful for the future studies. It gives a general perspective of the studies.

Based on a nationwide investigation of the current state of preservation of museum objects in China, around 51% of the 35 million museum objects show different degrees of deterioration. Although treatment of objects is necessary, treatment alone is not sufficient. In China's present situation, preventing damage to museum objects is much more cost-effective than allowing damage to happen and then treating it. The number of museums in China is increasing very fast: 23 000 exhibitions are held, 600 million visits are made, and 35 000 archaeological objects are excavated nationwide, each year. At the same time, these museums are widely distributed and have different levels of resources. We need both technical knowledge and preventive conservation to safeguard our precious museum objects. This paper introduces research achievements in preventive conservation, and traces the development of this discipline in China. Starting from the classification of museums in China, legislation is detailed on preventive measures such as selecting appropriate light sources, controlling temperature, relative humidity, light damage, and pollutants. This paper describes achievements in monitoring, analysis, evaluation, and control of museum environments in China. It also proposes future directions for museum environment studies during China's twelfth Five-Year Plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firstly, this paper analyzed current situations, major practice and existing problems of under-forest economy in Henan Province. Then, it made an in-depth discussion of guiding thought, principle and objectives, construction task and safeguarding measures of the under-forest economic development plan. Besides, it analyzed benefits of the under-forest economic development plan. By 2017, the area of under-forest economic land will reach 1. 60 million hm², create output value of 155.2 billion yuan (accounting for more than 20% of forest output value), provide 3.27 million jobs, and will greatly increase ecological carrying capacity of construction and development of the Central Plains Economic Region (CPER). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is believed that folding-arch is the transitional form from beam to curved arch. Guyue Bridge, built in JiaDing 6year (A.D 1213) of Southern Song Dynasty, located in Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province in China, is one of typical objective examples for this transition. It possesses high historical, scientific, artistic, cultural and social values. Facing severe environmental problems and deteriorated heritage situation, our conservation team selected 3D laser scanning as basic recording method, then acquired the precise three-dimensional model. Measured the fundamental dimension and components' sizes, we analysed its stable state. Moreover, combined with historic documents, we reasonably speculated and calculated the original sizes and important scales at the building time. These findings have significant research values as well as evidential meanings for future conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]