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Objectives: Several studies have linked myosteatosis with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals with obesity The clinical significance of myosteatosis in individuals with NAFLD in the general population has not been well investigated. Here, we wanted to explore and compare the associations of NAFLD and liver fibrosis with muscle fat content and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in a relatively large general population in China. Methods: We retrospectively included all participants who underwent abdominal CT scans in our health promotion center between April 2021 and October 2021. Muscle fat content was assessed by abdomen quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans, and SMM was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance. NAFLD was assessed by ultrasonography. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) score were calculated to assess liver fibrosis. Results: Compared with participants without NAFLD, patients with NAFLD showed significantly increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT%) (7.40±3.37% vs. 6.76±2.66%, P <0.01). According to a multiple logistic regression model, IMAT% (OR=1.091, 95% CI 1.030–1.155, P=0.003) was only independently correlated with NAFLD in obese participants. Mediation analysis showed that BMI mediated the association between IMAT% and NAFLD. In participants with NAFLD, increased IMAT% was independently associated with an increased intermediate to high risk of advanced fibrosis assessed by the NFS or FIB-4 score after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. However, SMM was only independently correlated with an intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis evaluated by the NFS and not by the FIB-4 score. Conclusion: Increased muscle fat content is positively correlated with NAFLD and intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis in the general Chinese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine the optimal cut‐points of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) areas at different anatomic levels to discriminate participants with cardiometabolic risk factors in a Chinese middle‐aged population. Methods: A total of 1744 individuals who underwent regular health checks in Nanjing BENQ Medical Center from January 2013 to December 2016 were included in this cross‐sectional study. VAT areas were measured by abdominal quantitative computed tomography at the L2/3 intervertebral disk and umbilicus levels. Cardiometabolic risk factors including serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol levels, plasma glucose and blood pressure were defined using IDF 2005 criteria for metabolic syndrome. Results: The cut‐points for VAT area at the umbilicus level were 111 cm2 for men and 96 cm2 for women to identify people with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors. For VAT area at the L2/3 level, the optimal cut‐points were 142 cm2 for men and 115 cm2 for women. A VAT area at the L2/3 level of ≥ 142 cm2 for men or 115 cm2 for women significantly increased the prevalence of hyperglycaemia [odds ratio (OR) 3.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.45–4.13], hypertension (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.27–3.49) and dyslipidaemia (OR 4.37, 95% CI 3.50–5.45) after adjusting age. Conclusions: The optimal cut‐points for VAT area at the umbilicus level and L2/3 level were 111 cm2 and 142 cm2 for men and 96 cm2and 115 cm2 for women to identify participants with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors. What's new?: This study aimed to investigate the optimal cut‐points of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) areas by means of computed tomography (CT) scanning to discriminate participants with cardiometabolic risk factors in a Chinese middle‐aged population.The results showed that the optimal cut‐points for VAT area at the umbilicus level were 111 cm2 for men and 96 cm2 for women to identify participants with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors, which was 142 cm2 for men and 115 cm2 for women for VAT area at the L2/3 level.VAT area at the L2/3 level had comparable power with VAT area at the umbilicus level to identify participants with cardiometabolic risk factors.Such information of setting up ethnic‐ and sex‐specific cut‐points for VAT areas is of clinical and economic importance for risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of AR and AUS in predicting prognosis in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.Methods: All patients were diagnosed as NEC at the department of general surgery and neonatal surgery, Qilu children's hospital between 1st, Jun, 2010 and 30th, Dec, 2016. The logistic regression analysis and the area under ROC curve (AUC)s were also used to compare the prognostic values of radiograph and sonograph for NEC.Results: Throughout the study period, 86 preterm neonates were hospitalized with diagnosis of definite NEC. Among these patients, 39 infants (45.3%) required surgical treatment. After adjusting for competing sonographic factors, we identified that thick bowel wall (more than 2.5 mm) (p = 0.001, HR: 1.849), intramural gas (pneumatosis intestinalis) (p = 0.017, HR: 1.265), portal venous gas (p = 0.002, HR: 1.824), and reduced peristalsis (p = 0.021, HR: 1.544) were independent prognostic factors associated with NEC. After adjusting for competing radiographic factors, we identified that free peritoneal gas (p = 0.007, HR: 1.472), portal venous gas (p = 0.012, HR: 1.649), and dilatation and elongation (p = 0.025, HR: 1.327). Moreover, we found that the AUROC for AR logistic model was 0.745 (95% CI 0.629-0.812), which was significant lower than the AUS logistic model (AUROC: 0.857, 95% CI 0.802-0.946) for predicting prognosis of NEC.Conclusions: In conclusion, we found that several radiographic and sonographic parameters were associated with the prognosis of patients with NEC. The AUS model based on the logistic regression analysis was significant superior to the AR model in the prognostic prediction of NEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the features and trends of Radiology research in Mainland China through bibliometric analysis of the original articles published in Radiology and European Radiology (ER) between 2006 and 2015.Materials and Methods: We reviewed the original articles published in Radiology and ER between 2006 and 2015. The following information was abstracted: imaging subspecialty, imaging technique(s) used, research type, sample size, study design, statistical analysis, study results, funding declarations, international collaborations, number of authors, department and province of the first author. All variables were examined longitudinally over time.Results: Radiology research in Mainland China saw a substantial increase in original research articles published, especially in the last 5 years (P < 0.001). Within Mainland China's Radiology research, neuroradiology, vascular/interventional Radiology, and abdominal Radiology were the most productive fields; MR imaging was the most used modality, and a distinct geographic provenience was observed for articles published in Radiology and ER.Conclusion: Radiology research in Mainland China has seen substantial growth in the past 5 years with neuroradiology, vascular/interventional Radiology, and abdominal Radiology as the most productive fields. MR imaging is the most used modality. Article provenience shows a distinct geographical pattern.Key Points: • Radiology research in Mainland China saw a substantial increase. • Neuroradiology, vascular/interventional Radiology, and abdominal Radiology are the most productive fields. • MRI is the most used modality in Mainland China's Radiology research. • Guangdong, Shanghai, and Beijing are the most productive provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The aim of this study was to detect factors associated with small bowel obstruction (SBO) caused by bezoars on multidetector computed tomographic findings. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 61 patients who had bezoars in the small bowels on MDCT. The patients were divided into SBO patients group and non-SBO patients group. The mean values of the diameter, volume, and CT attenuation as well as location and characteristics of the bezoars were compared between the two groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with SBO. Results. There were 32 patients (52.5%) in the SBO group and 29 patients (47.5%) in the non-SBO group. The bezoars in the SBO group had greater values of each mean diameter and mean volume than those in the non-SBO group (3.2±0.5 cm versus 1.6±0.7 cm, P<0.0001, 14.9±6.4 cm3 versus 2.5±2.7 cm3, P<0.0001, resp.) and had a lower CT attenuation than the non-SBO group (55.5±23.4 versus 173.0±68.0, P<0.0001). The SBO group had higher prevalence of phytobezoar appearance (75.0% versus 10.3%, P<0.0001). Major diameters of bezoar and phytobezoar were significant independent risk factors associated with SBO (odds ratio = 36.09, 8.26, resp., and P=0.0004, 0.044, resp.). Conclusions. Major diameter of bezoar or phytobezoar is a potential risk factor associated with SBO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare image quality and lesion diagnosis between reduced-dose abdominopelvic unenhanced computed tomography (CT) using deep learning (DL) post-processing and standard-dose CT using iterative reconstruction (IR).Method: Totally 251 patients underwent two consecutive abdominopelvic unenhanced CT scans of the same range, including standard and reduced doses, respectively. In group A, standard-dose data were reconstructed by (blend 30 %) IR. In group B, reduced-dose data were reconstructed by filtered back projection reconstruction to obtain group B1 images, and post-processed using the DL algorithm (NeuAI denosing, Neusoft medical, Shenyang, China) with 50 % and 100 % weights to obtain group B2 and B3 images, respectively. Then, CT values of the liver, the second lumbar vertebral centrum, the erector spinae and abdominal subcutaneous fat were measured. CT values, noise levels, signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs), radiation doses and subjective scores of image quality were compared. Subjective evaluations of low-density liver lesions were compared by diagnostic results from enhanced CT or Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Results: Groups B3 and B1 showed the lowest and highest noise levels, respectively (P < 0.001). The SNR and CNR in group B3 were highest (P < 0.001). The radiation dose in group B was reduced by 71.5 % on average compared to group A. Subjective scores in groups A and B2 were highest (P < 0.001). Diagnostic sensitivity and confidence for liver metastases in groups A and B2 were highest (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Reduced-dose abdominopelvic unenhanced CT combined with DL post-processing could ensure image quality and satisfy diagnostic needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This report describes one case of anesthetic management about surgical resection of a malignant phaeochromocytoma with tumor extension into vena cava and right atrium in a patient. Report for anesthetic management is limited in these patients under surgical resection until now. Case presentation: In September 2015, a 24-year-old male presented to the department of cardiology with right flank pain and hypertensive urgency in our hospital. Contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and MRI abdomen revealed a mass phaeochromocytoma in right adrenal, which invaded the right inferior vena cava(IVC)wall along with IVC thrombus. Echocardiography shown no abnormal detection. Finally, this patient gave up the surgical resection of phaeochromocytoma and chose the expectant treatment. In April 2018, this patient once again presented to the emergence department in our hospital, he had experienced persistent cough and intermittent wheezing for 5 h. Contrast-enhanced CT and echocardiography shown existing IVC thrombus had extended into the right atrium. After the careful preoperative preparation, adrenalectomy with complete thrombus excision by inferior vena cava exploration and right atriotomy were performed successfully by a multidisciplinary team. After one month post-operation care, this patient healthily left our hospital. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of pheochromocytoma with IVC and right atrium thrombosis has not been reported in mainland China so far. This clinical case may supply a rare reference experience for surgical treatment and anesthetic management in the group of phaeochromocytoma patient with distance vascular extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]