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Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, Wingfield & Alfenas, the causal agent of Cylindrocladium black rot of peanut, has led to economic losses in China. However, the response of peanut plant to C. parasiticum is poorly understood. Here, two contrasting peanut cultivars, T09 (C. parasiticum-moderately resistant) and P562 (C. parasiticum-susceptible) were used for comparative analysis of protein profiles in root segment of plant tissues in responses to C. parasiticum infection. Proteomic profiling identified 1647 and 391 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in P562 and T09 relative to uninoculated control, respectively. A total of 350 and 1095 DAPs were identified between P562 and T09 after 9 day(s) post infection (dpi), respectively. Functional categorization showed that C. parasiticum-responsive proteins were mainly involved in catalytic activity and binding functions. KEGG pathway analysis indicated both moderately resistant and susceptible peanut cultivars can regulate gene expression in the phenylpropanoid pathway, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, SA, and JA pathways to induce defensive genes and protein expression which enhances plant defence or susceptibility capacity. However, MAPK signal pathway was more pronounced in moderately resistant peanut cultivar T09. We also observed an increase of CYP73A100 involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in susceptible peanut ecotype P562, while decrease in moderately resistant interaction. Additionally, there was a marked activation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis in T09, which indicated a possible involvement of activation of plant immune response in moderately resistant responses of peanut to C. parasiticum. This study provides some insights into molecular networks involved in cellular and physiological responses to C. parasiticum in peanut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to present a full picture of current situation and future trends of Chinese oil crop production. The total oil crop production remained broadly constant during 2011–2014. The top three oil crops are soybean, peanut and rapeseed, together accounting for more than 70% of total oil crop production. The area under cultivation and the production of peanuts will keep steadily increasing because most Chinese like its pleasant roasted flavor. Because of their high content in polyunsaturated fatty acids and the natural minor functional components in their oils,more attention is being paid to sunflower seed and rice bran. The diminishing availability of arable land and concern over the security of edible oil supplies is driving both a change in cultivation structure of crops and improvements in the efficiency of oilseed production in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]