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Good health advice can help patients make the difference between a poor and a positive quality of life. When patients seek advice online, it is similar to search for a second opinion. Presentation mode could play a crucial role in the process of advice seeking and giving. For example, physicians may be reluctant to provide advice if a patient's question is long and difficult to find key information. To enhance the efficacy of communication, we examine the effective presentation mode of content for patients and healthcare professionals during online health advice interactions. We collect large-scale observational data from a leading online medical platform in China. We run a series of regressions with fixed effects. Our dataset consists of 993,323 records of physician-patient advice interactions on an online medical platform. We find that patients are more likely to receive responses from health professionals when they use the template provided by the platform. However, patients are less likely to adopt a health professional's advice content with the template. Our research highlights the importance of the presentation mode of content for patients and healthcare professionals during the online health advice interaction. It is a crucial extension of advice response theory (ART). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how cognitive ability affects households' demand for financial advice and whether households with financial advisors reap better investment returns in China. Using data from the nationally representative China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) and China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), we find that math ability (i.e., one domain of cognitive ability) has a significant and negative effect on households' propensity to hire financial advisors, whereas the impact of verbal ability (i.e., another domain of cognitive ability) on seeking financial advice is insignificant. The analysis also suggests that the influence of cognitive limitation is larger for less educated and financially literate households. We conduct a regression discontinuity based on the Huai River policy, supporting the causal influence of cognitive ability on financial advice seeking. Furthermore, we find no evidence that financial advice improves investors' investment performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergent research identifies cultural tightness‐looseness as an important factor for understanding cross‐national outcome differences during the coronavirus pandemic. Because perceived tightness‐looseness can be measured as an individual‐level difference rather than a nation‐level difference, and because tightness‐looseness may shift during large‐scale crises, we investigated whether such shifts occurred early in the coronavirus pandemic in both China (a relatively tight nation, n = 3642) and the U.S. (a relatively loose nation, n = 3583) across three cohorts. Tightness increased across cohorts in China and reduced across cohorts in the U.S. These changes transmitted corresponding indirect effects whereby compliance and institutional trust (scientific and government) about the pandemic were increased in China across cohorts, but decreased in the U.S. across cohorts. These patterns extend advice that national governments can increase compliance and trust via "tightening" by cautioning against norm‐setters signaling the reverse (that norms about compliance are loose) given the outcomes observed in the U.S. samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the characteristics of the traditional village distribution contributes to the formulation of relevant protection and development strategies. We adopted a series of spatial analysis methods to investigate the characteristics of the traditional village distribution in China by using the watershed as the research unit. Moreover, we conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses of the relevant influencing factors affecting the distribution pattern using Geodetector and mathematical statistics. The findings indicate that traditional villages are distributed unevenly across watershed units. High–High clusters tend to occur at the boundaries of first-level watersheds. Traditional villages have a clear agglomeration trend in space, with a concentrated and contiguous distribution pattern based on the "core density area–ring-core expansion group–belt area". The key factors affecting the traditional village distribution are annual precipitation, annual average temperature, and river density. The traditional village number has a clear inverted U-shaped relationship with the annual average temperature, river density, and road density. The study reveals the complex and various characteristics of the traditional village distribution and its influence mechanism and offers scientific advice for traditional villages' future protection and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Despite adequate dialysis, the prevalence of hyperkalemia in Chinese hemodialysis (HD) patients remains elevated. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a dietary recommendation system driven by generative pretrained transformers (GPTs) in managing potassium levels in HD patients., Methods: We implemented a bespoke dietary guidance tool utilizing GPT technology. Patients undergoing HD at our center were enrolled in the study from October 2023 to November 2023. The intervention comprised of two distinct phases. Initially, patients were provided with conventional dietary education focused on potassium management in HD. Subsequently, in the second phase, they were introduced to a novel GPT-based dietary guidance tool. This artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tool offered real-time insights into the potassium content of various foods and personalized dietary suggestions. The effectiveness of the AI tool was evaluated by assessing the precision of its dietary recommendations. Additionally, we compared predialysis serum potassium levels and the proportion of patients with hyperkalemia among patients before and after the implementation of the GPT-based dietary guidance system., Results: In our analysis of 324 food photographs uploaded by 88 HD patients, the GPTs system evaluated potassium content with an overall accuracy of 65%. Notably, the accuracy was higher for high-potassium foods at 85%, while it stood at 48% for low-potassium foods. Furthermore, the study examined the effect of GPT-based dietary advice on patients' serum potassium levels, revealing a significant reduction in those adhering to GPTs recommendations compared to recipients of traditional dietary guidance (4.57 ± 0.76 mmol/L vs. 4.84 ± 0.94 mmol/L, P = .004). Importantly, compared to traditional dietary education, dietary education based on the GPTs tool reduced the proportion of hyperkalemia in HD patients from 39.8% to 25% (P = .036)., Conclusion: These results underscore the promising role of AI in improving dietary management for HD patients. Nonetheless, the study also points out the need for enhanced accuracy in identifying low potassium foods. It paves the way for future research, suggesting the incorporation of extensive nutritional databases and the assessment of long-term outcomes. This could potentially lead to more refined and effective dietary management strategies in HD care., (Copyright © 2024 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

This article reviews the ideology, guidelines, and policies of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on think-tanks and especially focuses on analysing Xi Jinping's policies towards them since the 18th Party Congress in 2012. Observing both the CPC's directives and the activities of some important think-tanks, this article finds that the relationship between the CPC and think-tanks in China has gotten increasingly closer. The closeness is reflected in indicators such as the CPC's promulgation of the policy to build 'a new type' of think-tank, increasing reliance on and appreciation for the advice of think-tanks, funding for official think-tanks, and frequent emphasis on the absolute leadership of the CPC over them. This is a typical model of the corporatism between the CPC and the state, market and social organisation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A large number of Chinese applicants use education agents to apply for overseas programs, and agents are one of the most significant influence factors on Chinese international students’ choice of overseas programs. However, there is limited research around agents’ experiences within the existing information landscape of international higher education. For example, information asymmetries between agents and universities may have an impact on the advice and guidance provided for international applicants. This research investigates agents’ practices with in- service Chinese applicants to UK universities in the context of information asymmetry. COVID-19 serves as a backdrop as an illustrative case of a period of high information uncertainty, which has generated severe challenges for the international higher education sector and for Chinese applicants’ plans to study overseas. This study reports on the findings from in-depth interviews with 16 Chinese agent consultants undertaken in nine cities across China in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic (May 2020). The findings indicate that education agents attempt to mitigate the information asymmetry and emotionally reassure applicants through a four-step information management process. Our contribution generates a new understanding of the role that education agents play in international students’ applications and mobility, voices that are often ignored but essential for international students’ decision-making processes and existing university recruitment services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although advice seeking has attracted increasing attention from scholars, research exploring the antecedents of advice seeking remains relatively sparse. To address this gap, this study focuses on evaluation sensitivity as an antecedent of advice-seeking behavior. We propose that the positive relationship between evaluation sensitivity and advice seeking is mediated by self-uncertainty, and that this mediation effect is in turn moderated by peer exclusion. Data were collected from 291 undergraduate students in eastern China through three waves. Analysis of these data revealed that evaluation sensitivity was positively related to advice seeking, and that this relationship was mediated by individuals' self-uncertainty. Furthermore, peer exclusion moderated the indirect relationship between evaluation sensitivity and advice seeking via self-uncertainty, such that the indirect effect was significant only when peer exclusion was high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND In China, pesticide retailers have often been accused of providing inaccurate advice on pesticide use to farmers in a chaotic pesticide market. However, it is unclear whether governmental regulation of sales and advice on pesticide use by pesticide retailers induces them to provide accurate advice. RESULTS: Using survey data of 242 pesticide retailers in 2016, this study analyzes how pesticide retailers in China provide advice on pesticide use to farmers and examines whether governmental regulation induces pesticide retailers to provide accurate advice. The surveyed retailers were found to advise farmers to use the correct active ingredients in only 75.6% of observations. Retailers recommended pesticide application rates higher than the scientifically recommended levels among 57.2% of observations. The bivariate probit model estimation results show that highly intensive governmental regulation increases the probability of correct advice on pesticide use of pesticide retailers in the county and township seats by 13% and 19%, respectively. Moreover, highly intensive regulation can also increase the probability of pesticide non‐overuse advice by the retailers from the retailers in the villages by 38%. CONCLUSION: Highly intensive governmental regulation can induce pesticide retailers to provide more accurate advice on pesticide use to farmers, but the effects differ across the locations of pesticide retailers. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research on transnational knowledge transfer has a strong bias toward (often conditionality-based) advice originating in the core OECD world and focuses nearly exclusively on the link from a source to a target of knowledge transfer. This contribution provides a broader and more nuanced picture by looking at the reverse logic of non-OECD countries proactively searching abroad for policy advice and assessing this advice based on their own requirements. Based on the role of conditionality and on the attitude of the recipient country toward cooperation with foreign sources of advice, five demand-side strategies in transnational policy-related knowledge transfer are distinguished, each of which is analyzed utilizing the example of health reform. The results highlight systematic differences in the attitude toward and employment of foreign advice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on a popular form of civic practice in China: casual political talk that occurs in online spaces that are not ostensibly political. We investigate how Chinese citizens engage in politics through a comparative analysis of everyday talk on health issues across three popular online discussion forums: a government-orientated forum (Qiangguo Luntan), a commercial-lifestyle forum (Tieba), and a commercial-topical forum focused on parental advice (Yaolan). Our findings show that conventional deliberation directly involving conflictual and resistant attitude against state authorities is not prominently embraced by Chinese citizens in everyday online settings. However, communal and less confrontational forms of discourse are important for the proto-political talk to turn political, thus serving as prerequisite conditions for the emergence of an online public sphere. We argue that to explain how the public sphere emerges in everyday (non-political) spaces in China, it is essential to take communal discursive forms into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By comparing the production indexes of large blast furnaces (BF) in China between the first half of 2019 and 2015–2016, the production status, reductant consumption, raw materials and operation conditions have been reviewed. In the first half of 2019, Chinese large BFs still had made a lot of achievements, but it is also discovered by comparison that not only the raw materials quality but also the large BFs stability have the trend of getting worse, so some work should be done to stop and recover the unfavorable situation. Based on that, the expectations of enhancing the raw materials quality and improving the operation conditions are suggested. Large BFs make great contributions to energy saving, low-carbon, high automatic, environmental protection and economic development, so there will bemore large BFs constructed and put into production in China in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article has reviewed the production status, total reductant consumption, raw materials and operation principle indexes of large blast furnaces in China from 2015 to 2016. The developing actuality of Chinese large BFs has been quantitatively analyzed and the existing problems have been proposed clearly. Based on that, maintaining production stable, enhancing the quality of raw materials and improving the operation principles are suggested. Large BFs take advantages of high-quality hot metal, energy saving, cost-cutting, high mechanization and automation levels and are sufficient to meet the challenges of economic crisis, environmental pressure and security risk form the future. Thus, the number of large BFs in China will continue to increase in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of financial advice on investor trading behavior by analyzing the influence of advisor personality.Design/methodology/approach The study utilized the Big Five personality framework from Costa and McCrae (1992) to measure personality traits of advisors and examined the data collected from 314 stock investor–advisor dyads. Personality traits of advisors were measured by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa and McCrae, 1989). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the fitness of the Big Five model. We followed two-stage least square method for estimating endogenous covariate by employing instrumental variable analysis. Probit model was used to evaluate the moderating influence of advisor personality traits on the association between the usage of financial advice and trading behavior.Findings The authors found that financial advice positively impacts investors’ stock trading frequency. The authors also provide empirical evidence that financial advice is more likely to increase trading frequency when advisor personality tends to be openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness. On the other hand, information acquired from financial advisors causes fewer adjustments in investors’ portfolios when the personality of advisors is likely to be extraverted and neurotic.Research limitations/implications The theoretical model in our study seeks to explain that a psychological factor, namely, advisor personality, influences the way an investor interprets information signals from financial advice, which, in turn, influences the investor’s decision to trade in securities.Practical implications This research suggests that characteristics of advisors other than those of investors can be of relevance for policy makers in their attempts to improve their business in the financial services industry.Originality/value Survey-based studies in finance are lacking. This study adds to the existing literature of behavioral finance that accounts for the observed variations in investors’ financial decision making explained by psychological factors. No previous study has been conducted so far exploring variations in the impact of financial advice on investors’ stock trading behavior by the Big Five advisor personality, and this paper strives to fill this research gap in Chinese stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims There is inconsistent evidence that behavioural support to promote smoking reduction is effective at increasing smoking cessation. We examined the effectiveness of brief physician advice together with four very brief telephone calls in promoting smoking cessation among Chinese men via reduction compared with equivalent advice on diet and exercise. Design A two-group pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Participants and Setting Male patients attending the Endocrinology and Acupuncture out-patient clinics of a general hospital in Beijing, China. Intervention and comparators Physicians advised participants allocated to the smoking-reduction intervention (SRI, n = 181) group to reduce smoking to at least half of their current consumption within 1 month at baseline. At follow-up, a telephone counsellor repeated this advice if the participant had not reduced their cigarette consumption. Participants who had reduced consumption were encouraged to quit smoking. Physicians gave participants in the exercise and diet advice (EDA, n = 188) control group brief advice about physical activity and healthy diet at baseline, and a telephone counsellor reinforced this at each follow-up interview. Both groups had one face-to-face interview at baseline plus five telephone interviews and interventions (approximately 1 minute each) at 1 week and 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Measurements The primary outcome was self-reported 6-month prolonged abstinence rate at 12-month follow-up interview. Findings By intention-to-treat, the self-reported 6-month prolonged abstinence rate at 12-month follow-up in the SRI groups (19 quitters, 15.7%) was higher, but not significantly, than the EDA control group (10 quitters, 7.8%), and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.26 (0.97-5.26), P = 0.062. The self-reported 7-day point prevalence quit rate (secondary outcome) in the SRI group was significantly higher than the control group at each follow-up interview (at 12-month follow-up: 13.3 versus 6.9%, OR (95% CI) = 2.09 (1.01, 4.34), P = 0.049). Conclusions A very brief, proactive and low-cost smoking-reduction intervention without medications for Chinese male smokers with no intention to quit appears to increase smoking abstinence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mortality/morbidity of patients can be used to evaluate the quality of a trauma care, which can be influenced by incidence of discharge against medical advice (DAMA). Objective: This study was to investigate annual changes of mortality/morbidity and DAMA of trauma patients in one Chinese Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in 9 years. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data [age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), mortality rate, and DAMA] was performed with trauma patients admitted in the emergency ICU of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from 2003 to 2011. Results: The rate of total mortality (in-hospital death and dying at discharge) was 6.9 % and the rate of DAMA (deterioration at discharge and improvement at discharge) was 6.6 %. The mortality rate was significantly decreased from 11.1 to 4.6 %, and the rate of deterioration at discharge was increased from 2.8 to 6.4 %. Among the three periods (2003-2005, 2006-2008, and 2009-2011), the age and APACHE II score of patients in total death, deterioration at discharge, and death plus deterioration at discharge groups were highest in the period 2009-2011, whereas the GCS was statistically lower in all groups except in the deterioration at discharge group. Conclusion: The medical quality of trauma care has been improved through gradual improvement of instruments and trained medical staffs. The rate of deterioration at discharge was increased, especially in elder patient group. The DAMA had a significant impact on the accurate assessment of trauma care, which should be paid more attention on its potential roles in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined underlying mechanisms of cultural variations in giving advice between American and Chinese college students by assuming a belief framework specified in the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). American (N = 289) and Chinese college students (N = 227) first completed belief-based measures of attitudes and subjective norms of giving advice, and later completed measures of behavioral intentions of giving advice. Results revealed that there were similarities as well as noteworthy cultural differences with respect to ratings of the TRA components and strengths of associations between attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions. The TRA model showed relatively stronger prediction for giving advice intentions for Chinese than it did for Americans. A belief framework specified by the TRA demonstrated stronger power to capture finer cultural variations in giving advice as a form of support provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important share of worldwide poverty reduction since the 1970s is due to China's decrease in rural poverty. This article asks how has this extraordinary story of success traveled beyond East Asia, and in particular how the World Bank reflected it. Building on studies of policy narratives, it shows how the Bank has since the 1990s constructed a perspective that aligns China with its broader depiction of "pro-market" East Asia. It downplays the role of the state as subsidizer and buyer of poor people's production and reduces Chinese policies to their land reform component, which then becomes the basis of policy advice extended to transitioning and African countries. The article's main contribution is showing the constitution of a development narrative spanning two decades and reaching the form of an extremely concise and therefore increasingly ubiquitous statement about a "liberalizing China" and the poverty-reducing and market-conforming effect of land reform alone. • The paper asks how the World Bank reflected China's successful poverty-reduction story. • The paper reviews the numerous statist elements present in China's rural poverty reduction. • The World Bank downplays the state's role as subsidizer and buyer of poor people's production. • It reduces Chinese policies to a simplified account of their land reform component. • The Bank's treatment of China becomes the basis of policy advice extended to transitioning and African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most common framework through which we understand media communication and political/social stability in China is that of hegemony and control. This characterization may have served us well in documenting how the mandate for stability often results in censorship, regulation and restriction, but it has two major faults: First, the focus on crackdowns, bans and censorship usually tells us something about what the party-state does not like, but does not convey much about what it does like. Second, it often obscures the routine ways the party-state and the market work together to shore up ideological domination and maintain stability. In this analysis of the policies, economics and content of a broad range of television programmes, I suggest that we look at the media and communication as an ideological-ecological system in order to arrive at a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between China's media practices and its ongoing objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the status of Chinese residents' self-medication behavior and the important factors to consider when purchasing OTC drugs, and to explore the related factors of the possibility that Chinese residents take medical staff's suggestions as important factors to consider when purchasing OTC drugs., Study Design: A cross-sectional survey., Methods: A questionnaire was developed for exploring the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, their self-medication status, and important considerations. The questionnaire includes several scales including Health Literacy Scale-Short Form (HLS-SF), EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (EQ-5D-VAS), Big Five Inventary-10 Items (BFI-10), and New General Self Efficacy Scale (NGSES). After carrying out a multi-stage sampling method, the questionnaire was conducted nationwide from July 10 to September 15, 2021. Next, descriptive statistics were conducted to analyze the general features. Logistic regression was then used to analyze the related factors of the possibility that the respondents took the suggestions of medical staff as an important consideration when purchasing OTC drugs., Results: Nine thousand two hundred fifty-six qualified questionnaires were received. 99.06% of Chinese adults had self-medication behaviors. The types of OTC drugs purchased most by the respondents were NSAIDs (5,421/9,256 people, 58.57%) and vitamins/minerals (4,851/9,256 people, 52.41%). 86.2% of the respondents took the suggestions of medical staff as an important consideration when purchasing OTC drugs. The results of multi-factor logistic regression showed that women, those living in the central and western regions of China, those suffering from chronic diseases, those with high agreeableness, high conscientiousness, high neuroticism and openness, high health literacy, high EQ-5D-VAS, and those with high self-efficacy are more likely to take medical staff's suggestions as important factors to consider., Conclusion: The vast majority of Chinese adults have self-medication behavior. Important considerations when purchasing OTC drugs include medical staff's suggestions, drug safety and drug efficacy. Whether residents take the suggestions of medical staff as an important consideration is related to their sociological characteristics, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness, health literacy, self-assessment health status, and self-efficacy. When purchasing and using OTC drugs, residents should carefully listen to the suggestions from medical staff. They should also carefully consider their own conditions before buying OTC drugs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Ge, Li, Dong, Niu, Han, Xiong, Bao, Min, Liu, Wang, Zhang, Zhang, Yu, Sun, Yu and Wu.)

The current study assessed an integrated model of advice giving (Emotional support—Problem inquiry and analysis—Advice) with 572 participants from United States and 540 participants from mainland China. Participants read and responded to a hypothetical scenario in which they received advice from a friend. Advice that was offered following the moves of emotional support and problem inquiry and analysis was judged by both American and Chinese participants to be higher in quality and was more likely to be implemented than advice that did not follow this sequential pattern. Compared to Chinese participants, American participants evaluated advice offered with emotional support or problem inquiry and analysis as higher in quality. Participants with a higher independent self-construal also rated advice offered in conjunction with emotional support or problem inquiry and analysis as higher in quality than participants with a lower independent self-construal. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the era of the "scientific development concept" of the Hu/Wen leadership, agents of knowledge transfer that eventually translates into policy comprise not only think tanks for policy formulation in central-state institutions but also researchers in universities supporting policy implementation at local levels. Well-established patterns of local scientific advisory frame collaborative fieldwork in Sino-Western scientific projects on local governance. However, there is a gap between our active integration into these patterns during fieldwork and our ability to clarify them as resources, reconstruct the selection of research topics and contextualize the research results within our academic discourses. Analysing site-finding, data collection, aggregation and dissemination of a research project with Chinese public health researchers on rural health service reform in Xinjiang between 2005 and 2010, I argue that fieldwork and the role performed as a scientific advisor for the political principal is the localized and daily interface where politics crosses into science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study compared and contrasted American and Chinese college students’ responses to advice by examining the impact of perceived advice content features (response efficacy, feasibility, absence of limitations) and source characteristics (expertise, trustworthiness, liking) on recipient’s evaluation of advice quality and intention to implement advice in each cultural group. American (N = 262) and Chinese college students (N = 319) completed questionnaires reporting on a recent instance of receiving advice with regard to a personal problem. Across both cultural groups, each of the perceived content and source features was positively associated with participants’ evaluation of advice quality and intention to follow advice, and perceived content features had stronger and more direct influence on responses to advice than source characteristics did. Perceived content features had a stronger impact on Americans’ intention to implement advice than they did for Chinese, whereas perceived source characteristics had a stronger impact on Chinese’ intention to implement advice than they did for Americans. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Regarded as beneficial and preferable to the clients, advice delivery has been an integral part of counseling; however, there are controversies over the suitability of giving advice in counseling services, including counseling conducted in the context of prisons. Based on conversation analysis, this article tries to explore when and how police counselors in two Chinese prisons give advice and how inmate clients respond to and seek advice in offender counseling. It is found that advice delivery, supposed to be for the inmate clients’ sake, only serves a phatic function in the context of prisons in which security is a priority, and transforming inmates into law-abiding citizen is the overall goal of prison rehabilitation and correction. Hence, offender counselors, intending to alleviate depression and anxiety in inmate clients, are caught in a dilemma. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Fatal geohazards result in severe losses of life and property worldwide, thus urging many large-scale studies of such geohazards. Further research on hotspots prone to fatal geohazard identified in national-scale studies is critical for government geohazard prevention. It has been pointed out that more detailed small-scale (sub-national) studies are essential for the hotspots (e.g., Jiangxi Province) identified in national-scale studies. However, there are only a few small-scale studies of hotspots and earlier studies have rarely delved into a thorough and detailed analysis of hotspots. In addition, previous studies of fatal geohazards have failed to offer specific geohazard prevention advice, significant for geohazard control policies. To bridge these gaps, this study took advantage of the Jiangxi Inventory of Fatal Geohazards (JIFGH) and employed spatial analysis and the geographical detector to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and causes and present prevention advice on fatal geohazards in Jiangxi Province. The study also analyzes the importance of provincial-scale (first-level administrative scale) studies for hotspots identified in national-scale studies. JIFGH includes 386 non-seismically triggered fatal geohazards that caused a total of 979 fatalities in the 1960-2020 period. The temporal trend of fatal geohazards in Jiangxi Province is mainly affected by rainfall and the government geohazard prevention measures. The causes of most fatal geohazards in Jiangxi Province include (i) slope-cutting activities in house construction projects that create steep slopes prone to failure, which threaten the vulnerable residents and buildings nearby and (ii) rainfall that triggers failures of cut slopes. This study not only proposes geohazard prevention advice for Jiangxi Province and tectonically stable areas but also analyzes the significance of provincial-scale studies of hotspots identified in national-scale studies. Therefore, this study contributes to the prevention of fatal geohazards in Jiangxi Province and tectonically stable areas, while also providing an essential reference for other studies of fatal geohazards., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Malaysia is a reputed destination for health tourism in the Asia Pacific region for its hospitable nature and good quality of service. Patients' satisfaction has been a key concern in health tourism to maintain the flow of tourists' arrival for medical purposes. By considering the importance of health tourism and patients' satisfaction in Malaysia, this study aimed to examine the influence of hospital environment, nutritional advice, perceived value on patients' satisfaction. This study is cross-sectional in nature and follows a quantitative approach. The researchers used questionnaires as a survey tool to obtain information from the respondents. The sample of this is chosen from Chinese exchange students in Malaysia. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 205 usable responses were selected from the respondents and proceeded with further analysis. The study conducted structural equation modeling using Smart PLS version 3. The results found that hospital environment, nutritional advice, and perceived value significantly influence patients' satisfaction in Malaysia., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Li, Ragavan, Patwary and Baijun.)

Abstract: Topics on energy crises, environment protection have appeared in international conference time and again, usage of renewable energy is a popular subject, and wind power generation is the industry with relatively low cost and mature technology, which is developed by many governments as an important industry. The article first introduces current situation of China''s wind power generation briefly, and then describes its own features and problems differing from other countries in the world in detail. Finally, we put forward a proposal to develop wind power generation in Chinese pattern way, and meanwhile we give some advices and methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In 1979 the United States and China established normal diplomatic relations, allowing me to visit China and study the Chinese economy. After doing so for 30 years since and advising the government of Taiwan in the 1960s and the 1970s and the government of the People's Republic of China in the 1980s and the 1990s, this is an opportune moment for me to summarize the important lessons I have learned. The lessons will be summarized in four parts: on economic science, on formulating economic policy and providing economic advice, on the special characteristics of the Chinese economy and on the experience of China's economic reform. At the beginning, I should comment on the quality of Chinese official data on which almost all quantitative studies referred to in this article were based. Chow (2006) has presented the view that by and large the official data are useful and fairly accurate. The main justification is that every time I tested an economic hypothesis or estimated an economic relation using the official data the result confirmed the well-established economic theory. It would be a miracle if I had the power to make the Chinese official statisticians fabricate data to support my hypotheses. Even if I had had the power, most of the data had already been published for years before I conceived the ideas of the studies reported in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of dysphagia screening and subsequent swallowing rehabilitation in elderly stroke patients with malnutrition risk., Patients and Methods: Based on the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA) from August 1, 2015 to July 21, 2019, we compared the in-hospital adverse outcomes among stroke patients (including ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) over 70 years old with and without dysphagia screening. The primary outcome was in-hospital all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were the composite endpoint of discharge against medical advice (DAMA) or in-hospital death., Results: Among 365,530 stroke patients ≥ 70 years old with malnutrition risk in the CSCA, documented dysphagia screening was performed for 288,764 (79.0%) participants. Of these, 41,482 (14.37%) patients had dysphagia, and 33,548 (80.87%) patients received swallowing rehabilitation. A total of 1,694 (0.46%) patients experienced in-hospital death. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, dysphagia screening was associated with a low risk of all-cause mortality in stroke patients [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.65-0.87]. Compared to patients with dysphagia who did not receive swallowing rehabilitation, patients reveiving swallowing rehabilitation had a reduced risk of in-hospital death (aOR:0.39, 95% CI: 0.33-0.46). Additionally, dysphagia screening had a lower risk for the composite endpoint of DAMA or in-hospital death (aOR:0.83,95% CI: 0.80-0.87), as did subsequent swallowing rehabilitation (aOR:0.43,95% CI: 0.40-0.47). Similar results were observed in the sensitivity analysis through inverse probability of treatment weighting, propensity score matching, and excluding patients without National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores. A similar association was observed between dysphagia management and adverse clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage patients., Conclusion: Dysphagia screening and swallowing rehabilitation were associated with a reduced risk of in-hospital death and composite outcome of DAMA or in-hospital death for stroke patients with malnutrition risk. Future research should concentrate on improving the quality of medical care for dysphagia management to improve patients' outcomes., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2022 Zhang et al.)

This paper introduced the development history of digital ink-jet printing technology in China, summarized the opinions and evaluation on the technology from industry experts, as well as existing problems. Regarding the problems frequently encountered in the digital printing, some solutions were put forward. Finally, some suggestions on the development of the technology were also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines dietary advice-giving in regular consultations for patients with chronic conditions in two types of clinical practices: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine practiced in mainland China. Dietary habits are unanimously considered relevant to the patient's health, particularly in chronic conditions. This article reports the differences in where and how dietary advice is occasioned and co-constructed by participants in two settings. One significant finding of this paper is that while Traditional Chinese Medicine doctors take dietary talk to instruct patients and put it into the treatment recommendation, WM doctors may treat it as incidental and only valuable for diagnostic assessment, leaving its treatment opaque and not discussed with the patient. Data are in Mandarin Chinese. Using Conversation Analysis, the article describes the interactional organisation of dietary advice delivery in different medical practices and ascribes their differences to clinical pathology., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Insidious-onset acromegaly may easily be overlooked by non-specialists of acromegaly and cause diagnostic delay. This study aims to examine the association between diagnostic delay and advice from doctors before any confirmed diagnosis and subsequent comorbidities, and elicit patient-perceived reasons for misdiagnoses., Methods: An online nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted through China Acromegaly Patient Association. Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) levels at diagnosis and cancerous, endocrine-metabolic, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and psychiatric comorbidities were reported by patients. The association between diagnostic delay and pre-diagnostic advice from doctors as well as subsequent comorbidities after diagnosis were examined., Results: In total, 447 valid responses were collected. Overall, 58.8% patients experienced misdiagnoses, and 22.6% had diagnostic delay. Before arriving at any diagnosis, patients without treatment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-10.33) or receiving treatment to symptoms only (AOR: 7.05, 95%CI: 4.09-12.17) had greater chance of being misdiagnosed, and hence had diagnostic delay. Patients believed insufficient specialists, limited awareness of acromegaly of non-specialists and poor doctor-patient communications were major reasons of misdiagnosis. Diagnostic delay were associated with higher GH level at diagnosis and endocrine-metabolic, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular comorbidities (all P<0.05)., Conclusions: Suboptimal pre-diagnostic advice for patients, reflecting limited awareness of acromegaly among non-specialists, may delay the diagnosis and increase comorbidities. Feedbacks on the patients' final diagnosis from specialists to non-specialists should be considered, and doctor-patient communication and clinical decision-making process should be improved. Comorbidities should be screened and monitored particularly for patients with diagnostic delay., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wang, Guo, Yu, Gao, Wang, Zhu, Xing, Zhang and Dong.)

Performing diagnostic tests is a fundamental information-gathering activity in diagnostic process. However, little attention has been paid to the interactional process where a diagnostic test is advised and received, especially in Chinese medical settings. Decision making over prescribing diagnostic tests consists of clinicians' advice and patients' acceptance or resistance/rejection. Drawing on audio-recordings of clinician-patient encounters in Chinese outpatient clinics as data and conversation analysis as a method, we discuss how patient resistance to clinicians' diagnostic test-taking advice is displayed and managed over sequences of interaction. Two types of advice deliveries have been identified: advice either with no diagnostic utterances or with indeterminate diagnostic utterances. We find that patients demonstrate their resistance towards the former type of advice in two ways: questioning clinicians' decisions and proposing an alternative plan. Displaying resistance to the latter type of advice, patients have been found to recurrently resort to one way: proffering additional information about personal experience. Confronted with resistance, clinicians generally proceed to justify decisions by either asserting their epistemic primacy in determining a test or lowering certainty in the original speculative diagnosis. Towards persistent resistance, clinicians mainly employ two techniques to impose acceptance onto patients: repeating the initial advice and terminating forcefully current sequence. This study adds to a growing body of research on resistance in medical settings and contributes to our understanding of the decision making over medical investigations in Chinese outpatient clinic interaction., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Through an examination of the records of a telemedicine-based second opinion program in county-level hospitals in central and western China, the impact of this service on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer-related diseases was analyzed and evaluated. In this study, all 135 cancer-related cases were included in the analysis. The basic characteristics of the patients were described, the opinions of the original and second diagnosis and treatment were compared, the rate of consistency between them was calculated, the therapeutic regimens were analyzed and the differences between groups were tested. In 94.07% of the cases, the reason for the doctor's request for second opinion service was to assist in the formulation of therapeutic regimen. 64.44% of cases were confirmed with the diagnosis and 17.78% therapeutic regimen by the second opinion service. 126 cases obtained improved therapeutic regimens, and there were statistically significant differences in treatment methods in the diagnosis changed group. Comparing with other international SO studies, the diagnostic consistency rate obtained in this study was lower but not the lowest. The therapeutic consistency rate was quite low, due to the high proportion of original therapeutic regimens missing. This telemedicine-based second opinion program has brought beneficial improvements to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer-related diseases in county-level hospitals in central and western China.

Deer is valuable all over the body,which is rich in nutritional value and medicinal value. Deer breeding and processing are very advanced in North America and New Zealand where many related standards have been published. The development of Chinese deer industry lack standard and normal management,neither standards' number nor coverage area formed complete frame structure. The international standards like Panax ginseng and P. notoginseng were more lacked. This paper makes a classification statistics on standardization organizations at home and abroad,foreign standards,Chinese national standards,industry standards,local standards and enterprise standards. The classes,contents,ages,implementation and promotion and demonstration area construction of standards were compared and analyzed. We found Chinese deer industry standards were deficient in coverage,uniformity,innovation,repeatability and support. And we give advises for the construction of industry quality standard system,organizational mobility and ideology of consumers,hoping to boost the standard construction and promote international competitiveness of Chinese deer industry.

The neuropeptide oxytocin may increase social cohesion by making us more willing to trust others and/or to conform to their opinions. Here we investigated whether intranasal oxytocin can influence acceptance of advice given on solving everyday social problems by either individual expert (psychologist) or non-expert advisors with or without influencing their perceived likeability or trustworthiness. In a double-blind, between-subject, placebo-control design study in 160 male and female subjects, intranasal oxytocin (24IU) only significantly enhanced acceptance of advice given by female psychologists who were rated as the most trustworthy advisors. However, oxytocin itself did not alter either trustworthiness or likeability ratings. The oxytocin effect on acceptance of the female psychologist's advice was not maintained after a week, with subjects mainly reverting to their original solutions. These findings suggest that while oxytocin can transiently increase acceptance of advice from the most trustworthy individuals this is because it makes subjects more likely to conform to their opinions rather than enhancing their perceived trustworthiness or likeability. Thus in every day contexts oxytocin may primarily promote social cohesion by facilitating conformity towards the opinions of the most trusted individuals., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Public health control measures at borders have long been central to national strategies for the prevention and containment of infectious diseases. Travel was inevitably associated with the rapid global transmission of COVID-19. In the UK, public health authorities tried to reduce the risks of travel-associated spread by providing public health information at ports of entry. This study investigates risk assessment processes, decision-making and adherence to official advice among international travellers, to provide evidence for future policy on the provision of public health information to facilitate safer international travel. This study is a qualitative study evaluation. International air passengers arriving at the London Heathrow Airport on scheduled flights from China and Singapore were approached for interview after consenting to contact in completed surveys. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone, using two topic guides to explore views of official public health information and self-isolation. Interview transcripts were coded and analysed thematically. Participants regarded official advice from Public Health England as adequate at the time, despite observing differences with intervention measures implemented in their countries of departure. Most participants also described adopting precautionary measures, including self-isolation and the use of face coverings that went beyond official advice, but reported adherence to guidance on contacting health authorities was more variable. Adherence to the official guidance was informed by the perceived salience of specific transmission possibilities and containment measures assessed in relation to participants' local social and institutional environments. Analysis of study findings demonstrates that international air travellers' responses to public health advice constitute a proactive process of risk assessment and rationalised decision-making to guide preventive action. This process incorporates consideration of the current living situation, trust in information sources, correspondence with cultural logics and willingness to accept potential risk to self and significant others. Our findings concerning international passengers' understanding of, and compliance with, official advice and mitigation measures provide valuable evidence to inform future policy and generate recommendations on the presentation of public health information to facilitate safer international travel. Access to a central source of regularly updated official information would help minimise confusion between different national guidelines. Greater attention to the differentiated information needs of diverse groups in creating future public-facing guidance would help to minimise the uncertainties generated by the receipt of generic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Receiving accurate and timely advice about extreme weather events can impact a person's likelihood to survive, cope with and minimise exposure. Advice-giving seems to be a common interpersonal strategy in weather commentaries in many Chinese newspapers, yet research into weather advice-giving is greatly lacking. This study investigated whether the discourse of advice-giving in newspaper weather commentaries differed depending on the newspaper source and/or on the weather reported. We focused on two popular metropolitan newspapers: Beijing Morning Post and Beijing Evening News . Forty texts from each source were chosen (20 for ordinary weather and 20 for extreme weather). Results showed that the advice given stems from a vast reservoir of advice themes, and we found clear differences depending on weather, with significantly more advice given during extreme events. We also found that Beijing Evening News , in general, provided more advice in their weather commentaries. Finally, writers who were prone to take an authoritative stance tended to increase their use of imperatives and “high-status” vocatives during extreme weather, whereas those who positioned themselves “with” their readers also used more imperatives, but did not change their vocative preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manufacturing is generally a country's largest energy consumer and CO 2 emissions producer, especially in developing regions. In particular, the steel industry, which is the pillar of the manufacturing industry, has considerable potential for energy conservation and emissions reductions. This study presents a comprehensive review of a low carbon strategy for the metallurgical industry through the application of a composition method of system dynamics and a carbon flow analysis. This study combines three different, influential factors in an innovative way. These factors are the following: 1) the iron to steel ratio, 2) the application of new technologies and 3) the recycling rate. Results indicated that first, inputting additional Electric Arc Furnace Steel is the most efficient way to achieve the goals of both energy conservation and emissions reduction, and second, because of the high price and low stocks of scrap in China, the promotion of efficient technologies (blast furnace dehumidifier saving, TRT (Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit), BFG dry dust removal technology, blast furnace coal injection technology, blast furnace COG injection technology and DRI) and the development of a circular economy are the most feasible and viable methods to reduce carbon emissions. Based on these results, a long-term roadmap toward carbon control in the metallurgical industry was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea fish consuming is an important intake source of dioxin-like compounds, especially for the coastal residents. To assess the intake levels of these contaminants from sea fish and to provide risk-based consumption advice, concentrations of 17 polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) were measured in 32 commonly consumed fish species from Zhoushan Fishery, China. Due to the different accumulation influenced by fat content, feed habits and living zone in the sea area, the levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and dl-PCBs in different fish species varied significantly ranging from 0.002 to 0.078 pg WHO-TEQ/g fresh weight, from 0.002 to 0.553 pg WHO-TEQ/g fresh weight and from 0.003 to 2.059 pg WHO-TEQ/g fresh weight, respectively. Based on mean fish consuming rate in China, the estimated maximum possible dioxin-like compounds intake through different fish species ranged from 0.26 to 65.61 pg TEQ kg −1 bw month −1 . Bullet mackerel has the highest monthly intake level which was much higher than other fish species and very close to the provisional tolerable monthly intake (70 pg TEQ kg − 1 bw month − 1 ) proposed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Hence, comparing to other fish species, the consumption of Bullet mackerel from Zhoushan Fishery should be cautious to reduce the potential health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]