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152. The New Institutionalism: Mismatches with Private Higher Education's Global Growth. PROPHE Working Paper Series. WP No. 3
- Author
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Program for Research on Private Higher Education and Levy, Daniel C.
- Abstract
Spectacular contemporary growth in private higher education challenges the "new institutionalism" and its emphasis on "isomorphism." The growth brings great inter-organizational distinctiveness and is linked to technically rational competition. Findings about this growth and distinctiveness lead us to re-assess and revise tenets of the new institutionalism. Some tenets remain in tack in logic even as they miss on the empirical side, failing to anticipate salient tendencies such as the retreat of the state. The new institutionalism requires much less revision to help us understand the degree of isomorphism that does accompany private higher education growth. The findings come largely from analysis of three countries (Argentina, China, and Hungary), inter-sectoral differences, and organizational goals. They extend our view of variables such as subsectors, environment, and time. They cover both the coercive and non-coercive sides of the new institutionalism's isomorphism. And they encompass international as well as domestic tendencies. Private higher education growth is linked to widespread changes in political-economy. These changes often reduce the centrality of the state and its public institutions while opening up possibilities for alternative organizational goals and means to legitimacy. The findings on private higher education thus allow for speculation on how the new institutionalism can be modified and interpreted in many fields undergoing robust and multi-faceted privatization. (Contains 55 notes.)
- Published
- 2004
153. Interactive Teaching and the Multi Media Revolution: Case Method & Other Techniques. Selected Papers of the International Conference on Case Method Research & Application (15th, Marseille, France, July 9-13, 1998).
- Author
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World Association for Case Method Research and Application, Needham, MA. and Klein, Hans E.
- Abstract
This volume contains conference papers in which representatives from case method-oriented organizations present ideas on interactive, interdisciplinary, intercultural, and international teaching and learning. Eight chapters include: (1) "Case Method Research and Evaluation" (e.g., cross-cultural case research and writing and teaching research by distance education and computer technology); (2) "Adult Learning across Disciplines around the World" (e.g., modeling team learning and preparing teachers for urban settings); (3) "Case Teaching across Disciplines around the World" (e.g., case writing and role playing exercises for teaching legal processes); (4) "Educational Leadership and Case Method Application" (e.g., role plays to teach marketing cases and grading case courses to foster collaborative learning); (5) "Interactive Simulations and Distance Education" (e.g., interactive multimedia simulations in management and computer simulation in symbolic logic classrooms); (6) "The Case Method and the Internet" (e.g., tools to train student teachers for diversity and teaching human rights online); (7) "Case Studies and Writing in Various International Settings" (e.g., collaboration in researching, writing, and publishing cases and a case writers' workshop); and (8) "Applications in the Disciplines" (e.g., meeting marketing challenges of nations in transition and a case approach to improve educational mission impact). (SM)
- Published
- 1999
154. The impact of corporate digital transformation on the export product quality: Evidence from Chinese enterprises.
- Author
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Qian, Jing and She, Qunzhi
- Subjects
DIGITAL transformation ,DIGITAL technology ,PRODUCT quality ,FOREIGN trade promotion ,ELECTRONIC paper ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
The digital economy has become a driving force in the rapid development of the global economy and the promotion of export trade. Pivotal in its advent, the digital transformation of enterprises utilizes cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and other digital technologies to provide an impetus for evolution and transformation in various industries and fields. in enhancing quality and efficiency. This has been critical for enhancing both quality and efficiency in enterprises based in the People's Republic of China. Through the available data on its listed enterprises, this paper measures their digital transformation through a textual analysis and examines how this transformation influences their export product quality. We then explore the possible mechanisms at work in this influence from the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity. The results find that: (1) Digital transformation significantly enhances the export product quality in an enterprises, and the empirical findings still hold after a series of robustness tests; (2) Further mechanism analysis reveals that the digital transformation can positively affect export product quality through the two mechanisms of process productivity (φ), the ability to produce output using fewer variable inputs, and product productivity (ξ), the ability to produce quality with fewer fixed outlays; (3) In terms of enterprise heterogeneity, the impact of digital transformation on export product quality is significant for enterprises engaged in general trade or high-tech industries and those with strong corporate governance. In terms of heterogeneity in digital transformation of enterprise and the regional digital infrastructure level, the higher the level of digital transformation and regional digital infrastructure, the greater the impact of digital transformation on export product quality. This paper has practical implications for public policies that offer vital aid to enterprises as they seek digital transformation to remain sync with the digital economy, upgrade their product quality, and drive the sustainable, high-quality, and healthy development of their nation's economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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155. Isolating the 'Tech' from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China. NBER Working Paper No. 26953
- Author
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Ma, Yue, Fairlie, Robert W., Loyalka, Prashant, and Rozelle, Scott
- Abstract
EdTech which includes online education, computer assisted learning (CAL), and remote instruction was expanding rapidly even before the current full-scale substitution for in-person learning at all levels of education around the world because of the coronavirus pandemic. Studies of CAL interventions have consistently found large positive effects, bolstering arguments for the widespread use of EdTech. However CAL programs, often held after school, provide not only computer-based instruction, but often additional non-technology based inputs such as more time on learning and instructional support by facilitators. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to carefully explore the possible channels by which CAL programs might affect academic outcomes among schoolchildren. We isolate and test the technology-based effects of CAL and additional parameters from the theoretical model, by designing a novel multi-treatment field experiment with more than four thousand schoolchildren in rural China. Although we find evidence of positive overall CAL program effects on academic outcomes, when we isolate the technology-based effect of CAL (over and above traditional pencil-and-paper learning) we generally find small to null effects. Our empirical results suggest that, at times, the "Tech" in EdTech may have relatively small effects on academic outcomes, which has important implications for the continued, rapid expansion of technologies such as CAL throughout the world. [Funding for this research was provided by Dell Global Giving and the TELOS Initiative at the GSE at Stanford.]
- Published
- 2020
156. Scientometric Full-Text Analysis of Papers Published in Remote Sensing between 2009 and 2021.
- Author
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Balz, Timo
- Subjects
REMOTE sensing ,TEXT files ,OPTICAL remote sensing - Abstract
Covering the full texts of all papers published in MDPI's Remote Sensing between 2009 and 2021, in-depth scientometric analyses were conducted. Trends in publications show an increase in the overall number of papers. A relative increase in papers using SAR sensors and a relative decrease in papers using optical remote sensing can also be seen. The full-text analyses reveal distinctive styles and writing patterns for papers from different sub-fields of remote sensing and for different countries and even cities. While a slight increase in the readability of abstracts is detected over time, the overall readability of papers is decreasing. Institutional co-authorship analysis reveals the ongoing 'scientific decoupling' between China and the USA in remote sensing. Using scientometric full-text analysis, current trends and developments are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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157. 'Publish SCI Papers or No Degree': Practices of Chinese Doctoral Supervisors in Response to the Publication Pressure on Science Students
- Author
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Li, Yongyan
- Abstract
Publishing English papers in journals listed in Science Citation Index (SCI) has become a requirement for degree conferment for doctoral science students at many universities in China. The publication requirement engenders high pressure for doctoral students and their supervisors and shapes the politics of the relationship between the two parties. This is illustrated in the present paper which reports a study conducted at a prestigious university in east China. Focusing on the case of a research group in biochemistry led by an expert writer (the supervisor), the study aimed to find out, from the supervisor's perspective, what revising papers for the students means to him, and what the students learn as a result of their papers being revised. It is shown that the students depend on the supervisor to meet the publication requirement, and the supervisor believes an average student cannot write a publishable paper. The paper discusses the disempowering effect of the publication requirement, and concludes that there is a role for a course on academic English writing, and that the focus on "publishing SCI papers or no degree" should be shifted at the policy level and long-term planning should go into the training of EAP-qualified language professionals.
- Published
- 2016
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158. CUHK Papers in Linguistics, Number 4.
- Author
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Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong. Linguistics Research Lab., Tang, Gladys, Tang, Gladys, and Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong. Linguistics Research Lab.
- Abstract
Papers in this issue include the following: "Code-Mixing in Hongkong Cantonese-English Bilinguals: Constraints and Processes" (Brian Chan Hok-shing); "Information on Quantifiers and Argument Structure in English Learner's Dictionaries" (Thomas Hun-tak Lee); "Systematic Variability: In Search of a Linguistic Explanation" (Gladys Tang); "Aspect Licensing and Verb Movement in Mandarin Chinese" (Gu Yang); and "Intuitive Judgments of Hong Kong Signers About the Relationship of Sign Language Varieties in Hong Kong and Shanghai" (James Woodward). (JL)
- Published
- 1993
159. Theories and Practices in World Libraries: Papers Presented at the International Symposium on the Development of Theory and Practice of Library Information Science (1st, Wuhan, Hubei, China, May 21-25, 1993).
- Author
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Wang, Chih
- Abstract
The purpose of this, the first international library conference held in China and sponsored by a Chinese institution, was to enhance the development of library and information science, promote the status of library and information professionals, and exchange ideas of research and practices in the field. In addition to ceremonial speeches, 134 papers were selected and read, most either written in or translated into English. Thirty-one of these papers are abstracted here, and are intended to provide references to scholars and practitioners who are interested in studying the current status and development of library and information services in many locations throughout the world, particularly China. Topics covered by the papers abstracted include: historical development, philosophical foundations, interactions with socioeconomic changes, technology and automation, management, cataloging and classification, preservation, and education. (MAS)
- Published
- 1993
160. Childrearing in Hubai Village, China. Working Papers in Early Childhood Development 25.
- Author
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Bernard Van Leer Foundation, The Hague (Netherlands)., Yajun, Zhou, Yi, Liao, and Champagne, Susan
- Abstract
With the aim of tailoring future programming decisions to local conditions and concerns, an ethnographic study was commissioned to examine childrearing practices in a small middle income village in Hebei Province, China. The research was designed to learn about the concerns and goals of child care providers, and about the strategic thinking and activities that derived from these goals and concerns. This report details the study of 10 children between the ages 1 and 3 and their caregivers, typically parents or grandparents, who were observed over a 12-month period as they went about their everyday routines. Additional information was obtained through conversations with caregivers. The research was conducted in three stages, each stage during a different agricultural season. Section 1 of the report summarizes the child care arrangements for each of the children studied, showing that arrangements varied by family, and frequently changed throughout the year to accommodate parental employment and other circumstances. Section 2 of the report describes adults' practices and expectations with respect to children's health and hygiene, the various activities comprising a child's day, what adults endeavor to teach children, and children's relationships with adults. The topics covered in this section of the report address the key areas of concern articulated by childcare providers in the course of the research: (1) child health, hygiene, and the body; (2) children's activities, including toys, books, television, drawing and writing, visiting friends, and visiting relatives; (3) purposeful teaching, including names, personal information, songs and poems, counting, and teaching styles; and (4) behavior toward adults, including obedience, addressing adults, and hosting adult guests. (KB)
- Published
- 1999
161. 中国造纸工业碳排放特征与 “双碳”目标路径探究.
- Author
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程言君, 张 亮, 王焕松, 贾学桦, and 董 妍
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL energy consumption ,CARBON offsetting ,POWER resources ,CARBON emissions ,ALTERNATIVE fuels ,CARBON paper - Abstract
Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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162. The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm Performance: Evidence from the Pulp and Paper Industry in China.
- Author
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Ou X and Jiang H
- Subjects
- China, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ownership, Environmental Pollution prevention & control, Industry
- Abstract
In areas with serious pollution problems, the government designates a special emission limit (SEL) for pollution control and environmental protection in China. This paper examines the effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) SEL on firms' production activity and market performance in the pulp and paper industry in the Lake Tai area in China. Using firm-level data, we employ a difference-in-differences strategy and find that SEL has a negative impact on the production scale, profitability, and market size of the regulated firms, while showing no significant impact on firm exports. The heterogeneity tests suggest that the impact of SEL on production and market performance varies with firm ownership, firm size, and target market. The reallocation effect of production shifts extra production from exited firms to existing firms, which explains the expansion of production scale and market size for SOEs and large-sized regulated firms. Compared with the decline of production scale, the inventory alleviation effect reduces the negative impact of stricter environmental regulation on firm performance.
- Published
- 2023
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163. CUHK Papers in Linguistics, Number 3.
- Author
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Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong. Linguistics Research Lab., Yip, Virginia, Yip, Virginia, and Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong. Linguistics Research Lab.
- Abstract
Papers in this volume include the following: "Constraints on Dative Acquisition by Chinese ESL Learners" (Hua Dong Fan); "The Learnability of Locality Conditions on Quantification" (Thomas Lee); "Do Learning Environments Make a Difference? A Study on the Acquisition of the English Interrogatives by Three Types of Cantonese Classroom Learners" (Gladys Tang); "The Stress Patterns of Nonsense English Words of Cantonese-speaking ESL Learners" (Cathy Wong); "Relative Complexity: Beyond Avoidance: (Virginia Yip and Stephen Matthews); and "The Interpretation of Linguistic Signs and the Role of Inference" (Cheng Yumin). (Author/JL)
- Published
- 1991
164. The Effects of Schooling on Costless Health Maintenance: Overweight Adolescents and Children in Rural China. NBER Working Paper No. 26089
- Author
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Rosenzweig, Mark R., and Zhang, Junsen
- Abstract
Obesity is an important global health problem. Although obesity is not directly related to access to health care or constrained by resource deprivation, overweight status is predominantly found in poor, less-educated populations. This paper seeks to identify the causal role of schooling in affecting obesity among children and adolescents, using new estimation methods that exploit unique panel data on young twins in China. The estimates indicate that higher levels of schooling negatively affect being overweight and positively affect healthy behavior, with a large component of the causal effects due to increased information on the benefits of maintaining a healthy weight. There is also evidence that the higher-income associated with increased schooling increases incentives to invest in health.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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165. Employer Learning and the Dynamics of Returns to Universities: Evidence from Chinese Elite Education during University Expansion. NBER Working Paper No. 25955
- Author
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Démurger, Sylvie, Hanushek, Eric A., and Zhang, Lei
- Abstract
This paper estimates the return to an elite university education over a college graduate's career using the CHIP 2013 data. We find a substantial premium for graduating from an elite Chinese university at job entry, but it declines quickly with labor market experience. This pattern is entirely driven by the young cohorts who enter college after the higher education expansion that started in 1999. This pattern is more pronounced in coastal provinces and in economically more developed regions, where individual skills are highly rewarded in the labor market. The initial elite premium and its subsequent decline is found just for males; individual skills are much more consistently rewarded for females than males. The results are consistent with employer learning, where employers pay workers based on more easily observable group characteristics at job entry but rely less on these over time when more accurate information about individual productivity becomes available.
- Published
- 2019
166. 竹林碳汇及竹材制品碳足迹 研究现状.
- Author
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濮佳莉, 王鑫, 庞树宇, 梁辰, 王双飞, and 覃程荣
- Subjects
CARBON sequestration ,CARBON offsetting ,FOREST products ,ECOLOGICAL impact ,BAMBOO ,PAPER industry - Abstract
Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
167. Paper mulberry leaves as a potential sterilant: evidence from Microtus fortis--a laboratory study.
- Author
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Shuangye Wang, Junzhi Chen, Yunlin Zhao, Meiwen Zhang, Chen Zhang, Jianing He, Lichuan Wei, and Zhenggang Xu
- Subjects
MICROTUS ,REPRODUCTION ,MULBERRY ,RODENT populations ,BIRTH control ,VOLES ,ANIMAL feeds ,RODENTICIDES - Abstract
Introduction: The Yangtze vole (Microtus fortis) is a small herbivorous rodent that usually causes damage to crops and forests in China. Various measures were used to control their population including chemical rodenticides. However, rodenticides may cause secondary damage to the environment and the ecosystem. Therefore, the development of new rodent sterilants is urgent. Considering that some compounds of paper mulberry leaves have been verified that can inhibit the biosynthesis of sexual hormone, we aimed to explore the antifertility effect of paper mulberry leaves on M. fortis. Methods: In this study, voles were divided into three groups including a male group, a female group, and a breeding group, and paper mulberry leaves were added into basal fodder of voles maintained in laboratory, of which the proportion of leaf weight was 50%. In each group, voles were fed with mixed fodder as treatment (BP) and voles were fed with basal fodder as contrast (CK). Results and discussion: After feeding for more than 1 month, the results indicated that paper mulberry leaves attracted voles to feed, but inhibited their growth and reproduction. Since the second week, food intakes of BP have been significantly higher than CK (p< 0.05). However, weights of voles in male and female groups were 72.283 ± 7.394 g and 49.717 ± 2.278 g in the fifth week, and both were significantly reduced compared with their original weight (p< 0.05). Meanwhile, testicular volumes of male voles fed with BP were significantly smaller than CK (former: 318.000 ± 44.654 mm3, latter: 459.339 ± 108.755 mm3); the testosterone level, sperm number, and vitality of BP were obviously weaker than CK. Female uteruses and oophoron of BP grew slower, and the organ coefficients of uterus and oophoron fed BP were both significantly lower than CK (p< 0.05). The first reproduction of BP couple voles spent 45 days, while CK spent only 21 days. These results suggest that paper mulberry leaves could be the potential resource to produce sterilants to control rodent populations by delaying their sexual growth and reproduction. If it was practical, the apparent advantages of paper mulberry are that it is an abundant resource and the inhibitory effect could be effective in both male and female individuals. Our conclusion also supports the transformation of rodent management from lethal management to fertility control, which would be more ecologically friendly to agriculture and the ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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168. Shanying Suzhou Paper Commissions Voith to Supply Two XcelLine Paper Machines.
- Subjects
PAPERMAKING machinery ,PAPER industry ,PAPER products industry - Published
- 2022
169. Swords into Plowshares: Converting to a Peace Economy. Worldwatch Paper 96.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Renner, Michael
- Abstract
Recent world developments have created an opportune time for nations to vigorously pursue a policy of converting the huge portion of their economies that traditionally have been devoted to military expenditures to more socially productive uses. This paper outlines a strategy for such a conversion, and discusses the issues that must be confronted in such a process. Specific aspects of conversion include: (1) misconceptions about lessening military spending; (2) building a conversion coalition; (3) the paths forged by China and the Soviet Union; (4) upheaval in Eastern Europe; and (5) grassroots initiatives in the West. It is concluded that the gathering pressure for disarmament suggests that conversion will be a topic gaining importance during the 1990's. A number of statistical tables, charts, and maps appear throughout this paper, and 127 endnotes are provided. (DB)
- Published
- 1990
170. Retracted papers originating from paper mills: cross sectional study.
- Author
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Candal-Pedreira C, Ross JS, Ruano-Ravina A, Egilman DS, Fernández E, and Pérez-Ríos M
- Subjects
- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, China, Databases, Factual, Asian People, Hospitals
- Abstract
Objectives: To describe retracted papers originating from paper mills, including their characteristics, visibility, and impact over time, and the journals in which they were published., Design: Cross sectional study., Setting: The Retraction Watch database was used for identification of retracted papers from paper mills, Web of Science was used for the total number of published papers, and data from Journal Citation Reports were collected to show characteristics of journals., Participants: All paper mill papers retracted from 1 January 2004 to 26 June 2022 were included in the study. Papers bearing an expression of concern were excluded., Main Outcome Measures: Descriptive statistics were used to characterise the sample and analyse the trend of retracted paper mill papers over time, and to analyse their impact and visibility by reference to the number of citations received., Results: 1182 retracted paper mill papers were identified. The publication of the first paper mill paper was in 2004 and the first retraction was in 2016; by 2021, paper mill retractions accounted for 772 (21.8%) of the 3544 total retractions. Overall, retracted paper mill papers were mostly published in journals of the second highest Journal Citation Reports quartile for impact factor (n=529 (44.8%)) and listed four to six authors (n=602 (50.9%)). Of the 1182 papers, almost all listed authors of 1143 (96.8%) paper mill retractions came from Chinese institutions and 909 (76.9%) listed a hospital as a primary affiliation. 15 journals accounted for 812 (68.7%) of 1182 paper mill retractions, with one journal accounting for 166 (14.0%). Nearly all (n=1083, 93.8%) paper mill retractions had received at least one citation since publication, with a median of 11 (interquartile range 5-22) citations received., Conclusions: Papers retracted originating from paper mills are increasing in frequency, posing a problem for the research community. Retracted paper mill papers most commonly originated from China and were published in a small number of journals. Nevertheless, detected paper mill papers might be substantially different from those that are not detected. New mechanisms are needed to identify and avoid this relatively new type of misconduct., Competing Interests: Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at https://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/ and declare: JSR receives research support through Yale University from Johnson and Johnson to develop methods of clinical trial data sharing, from the Medical Device Innovation Consortium as part of the National Evaluation System for Health Technology, the Food and Drug Administration for the Yale-Mayo Clinic Center for Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation program (U01FD005938), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01HS022882), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01HS025164, R01HL144644), and from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation to establish the Good Pharma Scorecard at Bioethics International. JSR is also an expert witness at the request of Relator's attorneys, the Greene Law Firm, in a qui tam suit alleging violations of the False Claims Act and Anti-Kickback Statute against Biogen Inc. DSE serves as an expert witness in asbestos, talc, opioid, and concussion litigation at the request of injured people. No other authors declared any potential competing interests., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
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171. Global research in sarcopenia: High-cited papers, research institutions, funding agencies and collaborations, 1993-2022.
- Author
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Vaishya R, Gupta BM, Misra A, Mamdapurj GM, and Vaish A
- Subjects
- Humans, Bibliometrics, Europe, Databases, Factual, China, Sarcopenia epidemiology
- Abstract
Background and Aims: This bibliometric analysis aims to analyze the high-cited papers (HCPs), those which have received >100 citations) on Sarcopenia to provide insight into publication performances and research characteristics of the literature., Methods: Global HCPs on Sarcopenia research were identified from the Scopus database from January 1993 to August 2022. VOSviewer, and Biblioshiny software were used to visualize the collaborative interaction among most productive countries, organizations, authors, and keywords. Select bibliometric measures were applied to evaluate the publication productivity and their influence in this area., Results: Out of 6219 publications on Sarcopenia only 398 were HCPs. These HCPs received an average of 271.7 citations per publication (CPP). The most productive organizations were the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy, and Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, USA. The most impactful organizations in terms of CPP and relative citation index were CHU de Toulouse, France, and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy. The most productive authors were Landi F and Morley JE, and Anker SD from Italy and Germany respectively. The most impactful authors were: Cederholm T (Sweden), Cruz JAJ (Spain) and Rolland Y (France). There were few/no HCPs from South America, Africa, South Asia, and USSR., Conclusion: Sarcopenia research has been predominantly done in USA, Europe, and China, and rarely from low and middle-income countries. Further focus of research should be on its etiopathogenesis (especially at the molecular level), prevalence in different communities, methods to diagnose it in early stages, and its cost-effective management., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Authors #1 (RV), and 3 (AM) are of the Editorial board of DMSCRR., (Copyright © 2022 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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172. Outstanding research paper awards of the Journal of the Chinese Medical Association in 2021.
- Author
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Wang PH and Huo TI
- Subjects
- Asian People, China, Humans, Awards and Prizes, Biomedical Research
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: Drs. Peng-Hui Wang and Teh-Ia Huo, editorial board members at Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, have no roles in the peer review process of or decision to publish this article. Both doctors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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173. Word-Processor or Pencil-and-Paper? A Comparison of Students' Writing in Chinese as a Foreign Language
- Author
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Zhu, Yu, Mark Shum, Shiu-Kee, Brian Tse, Shek-Kam, and Liu, Jinghui Jack
- Abstract
A study is reported of the performance and attainment of 32 students from overseas studying elementary Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) in a Chinese university. With an AB-BA design, they were asked to use two forms of writing media to present two essays: one a word-processed essay entitled "My Favourite Female" and the other a conventional hand-written essay entitled "My Favourite Male". The essays were marked by experienced Chinese language experts and the learners' impression of using each type of writing medium was gathered via questionnaires and interviews. Inferential statistics showed that the students performed significantly better when using a word-processor, and they thought that completing writing tasks using pencil-and-paper and word-processors were markedly different. Most of them felt that their work was more professional when produced on a word-processor. A small number of students considered that writing by hand in Chinese was aesthetically pleasing, but they appreciated the convenience of writing in words spelled and written correctly by the computer. Inter-marker consistency was more homogeneous for essays written on the computer. In conclusion, word-processors are suggested as the preferred writing medium for beginning learners of CFL.
- Published
- 2016
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174. The Evolution of Topics and Leading Trends over the Past 15 Years of Research on the Quality of Higher Education in China: Based on Keyword Co-Occurrence Knowledge Map Analysis of the Research Papers Published from 2000 to 2014 in the CSSCI Database
- Author
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Qu, Xia and Yang, Xiaotong
- Abstract
Using CiteSpace to draw a keyword co-occurrence knowledge map for 1,048 research papers on the quality of higher education from 2000 to 2014 in the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index database, we found that over the past 15 years, research on the quality of Chinese higher education was clearly oriented toward policies, and a good interactive relationship formed between research and policy. Looking at research topics, apart from macrodiscussions of the spirit of several educational reforms, the relevant topics are mainly focused on higher education quality issues in the massification stage, issues of higher education academic management, issues of student cultivation, and issues of ensuring and evaluating higher education quality. Of these, issues of ensuring and evaluating higher education quality have continually been the mainstream of research on Chinese higher education quality, and there has been an increasing trend of emphasizing ensuring internal quality within schools, emphasizing student participation, and evaluating the effectiveness of student learning. Scholars had a renewed focus on the topics of higher education academic management and student cultivation after 2010, and truly improving the quality of higher education will become a future hot topic of study, however there is an urgent need for further study.
- Published
- 2016
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175. Green total-factor energy efficiency and its convergence of industrial sub-sectors in China.
- Author
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Chi, Yuanying, Xu, Situo, and Pang, Yuexia
- Subjects
CLEAN energy ,ENERGY consumption ,TECHNOLOGICAL progress ,WASTE recycling ,ENERGY development ,GREEN technology ,PAPER products - Abstract
Existing literature ignores to consider multiple types of pollutants when analyzing energy efficiency and its convergence. Under this background, using SuperSBM-GML model, the improved entropy method, and convergence model, this paper calculates the green total-factor energy efficiency and its evolution trend of 35 China's industrial sub-sectors considering multiple pollutants, and analyzes its convergence. The results indicate that the average score of industrial green total-factor energy efficiency is low, and there are significant differences among sub-sectors: "Utilization of waste resources" is the highest, while "Manufacture of paper and paper products" is the lowest. The green total-factor energy efficiency shows an overall upward trend from 2006 to 2021, the main driving force comes from technological progress, but numerous sub-sectors have not sufficiently caught up with existing cutting-edge technologies. Specifically, the growth rate of green total-factor energy efficiency in high-energy-consumption sub-sectors is higher than low-to-medium-energy-consumption sub-sectors. There are both σ-convergence and β-convergence in low-to-medium-energy-consumption group, indicating that development of sub-sectors is stable and outstanding. Nevertheless, the high-energy-consumption group only exhibits conditional β-convergence, revealing an imbalance in energy efficiency development. Consequently, formulating the benchmark level of energy efficiency and developing energy efficiency "leader" system are suggested for low-to-medium and high-energy-consumption sub-sectors, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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176. Identification Research of China's Potential Autonomous and Controllable Key Products.
- Author
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Wenping Wang and Laifeng Wu
- Subjects
- *
PAPER products , *MEDICAL equipment , *PRODUCT attributes , *IDENTIFICATION - Abstract
To comprehensively prevent and resolve the potential risk of a "bottleneck" in the context of reverse globalization, sorting out China's potential autononious and controllable key products systematically is an important issue. The paper constructs a product space network model according to the data of 243 countries' export products fkom 1995 to 2019 and measures the product coreness based on the revealed comparative advantage of products to identift' global core products. On this basis, the close degree of grey incidence model is used to quantitatively analyze the close correlation degree of the overall revealed comparative advantage distribution of countries in the global product system. And through the analysis of the marginal contribution of revealed comparative advantage, the study also identities China's potential autonomous and contiollable key products. Among the 124 global core products in the top 10% of the coreness in 2019, the products whose revealed comparative advantage changes make a greater contribution to the distribution of China's overall revealed comparative advantage are potential autonomous and controllable key products in China. Among the top 31 kinds of core products with the top 25% contribution rate, China 's potential autonomous and conn·ollable key products are mainly distributed in the fields of mechanical mid electrical equipment, vehicles, aircraft and ships, optical and medical precision instruments with high-tech characteristics, as well as in the field of chemical products with capital-intensive characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
177. Accreditation and Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Papers on Higher Education Series.
- Author
-
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bucharest (Romania). European Centre for Higher Education. and Sterian, Paul Enache
- Abstract
This paper offers a broad look at accreditation and quality assurance in higher education and how these issues are addressed around the world. Section 1 is an overview of accreditation and addresses the aims and objectives of accreditation, standards, accreditation bodies, stages of the accreditation process, the quality of that process, the role of government in the accreditation process, some critical points of view concerning the process, and present accreditation trends. Section 2 looks at accreditation and quality assurance through brief national case studies. The nations represented are France, Germany, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United States, China, India, Hong Kong, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, and Australia. This section closes with a section comparing accreditation and quality assurance in various regions. Section 3 takes a closer and more detailed look at the accreditation process in Romania, particularly in light of the recent political and educational changes in this nation and the fairly recent decision to introduce accreditation of institutions of higher education. This examination covers accreditation principles and objectives, standards for initial and subsequent accreditation, application rules, structure of the accreditation committee and its functions, and provisions for financing accreditation. Appendixes contain institutional evaluation standards and a glossary. (Contains 27 references.) (JB)
- Published
- 1992
178. Response Assessment of Thermal Papers from Four Continents to Fingerprint Development by Heat.
- Author
-
Bond, John W.
- Subjects
HUMAN fingerprints ,VISUALIZATION ,PAPER dyeing ,COLORING matter ,HEATING ,FORENSIC sciences - Abstract
Latent fingerprint deposits on thermal paper sourced from the U.S., China, the U.K., and Australia have been visualized by heating. U.S. and Chinese sourced paper produced two distinct types of fingerprint development. In one type (type 1), the paper dye colors where the deposit is present (as previously reported) and in the other type (type 2) the 'inverse' of this gives paper coloring only in areas not coincident with the deposit. Both development types gave identifiable fingerprints, the majority fading within 24 h of heating. Fingerprint development from U.K. and Australian sourced paper was exclusively type 1 and resistant to fading. Temperatures for fingerprint visualization were higher for U.S. paper (64-71°C) and Chinese paper (75-95°C) than for U.K. and Australian sourced paper (43-50°C). Particularly for Chinese sourced paper, these temperatures were within a few degrees of the normal paper color temperature. A mechanism for type 2 fingerprint development is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
179. A novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device based on chemiluminescence for the determination of β-agonists in swine hair.
- Author
-
Li W, Luo Y, Yue X, Wu J, Wu R, Qiao Y, Peng Q, Shi B, Lin B, and Chen X
- Subjects
- Animals, China, Hair chemistry, Luminescent Measurements, Paper, Swine, Adrenergic beta-Agonists analysis, Hair Analysis methods, Luminescence, Microfluidics
- Abstract
β-Agonists are illegal feed additives in the feed industries of many countries, especially China. Here, we report a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) coupled with the chemiluminescence (CL) method to provide the sensitive, simple and rapid quantitative detection of β-agonists in swine hair samples. In this study, we found that the β-agonists diminished the CL generated by the reaction of K3[Fe(CN)6] and luminol on μPAD, which was different from that observed in the aqueous solution, and the degree of diminishment was proportional to the concentration of β-agonists. The possible mechanism was discussed as well. Also, this detection method showed a wide linear range (from 4.0 × 10-8 to 1.0 × 10-5 mol L-1) and low limit of detection (2.0 × 10-8 mol L-1) with a low consumption of samples and reagents. Satisfactory recovery values (from 78% to 95%) were achieved. Therefore, our μPAD CL sensor will be favorable to develop a miniaturized instrument for the on-site analysis of β-agonists in swine hair samples.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
180. 育苗纸在高速纸机上的生产实践.
- Author
-
周景蓬, 冯好伟, 郭启程, 张凤山, 马小清, 孙曰平, and 刘燕韶
- Subjects
SYNTHETIC fibers ,MACHINERY ,SEEDLINGS - Abstract
Copyright of China Pulp & Paper Industry is the property of China Pulp & Paper Industry Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
181. Different bioreactors for treating secondary effluent from recycled paper mill.
- Author
-
Cai F, Lei L, and Li Y
- Subjects
- China, Paper, Recycling, Waste Disposal, Fluid instrumentation, Wastewater analysis, Biofilms, Bioreactors microbiology, Industrial Waste analysis, Microbiota physiology, Waste Disposal, Fluid methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
Secondary effluent from paper mill was characterized by poor biodegradability and containing recalcitrant compounds. In this study, four bioreactors, including a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR), a stirred-tank reactor (STR) and two submerged aeration reactors (SAR) were used to treat secondary effluent from a recycled paper mill respectively. The results indicated that chemical oxygen demand (COD) was increased by SAR2 treatment and COD removal efficiency for SBBR, SAR1 and STR was 39.7%, 15.7% and 30.9% respectively. It is suggested that recalcitrant compounds were removed by SBBR, SAR1 and STR respectively. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of wastewater were increased by treatments of each bioreactor, which suggested that endogenous respiration of biomass occurred during the treatment. Microbial analysis of sludge from different bioreactors suggested that the removal of recalcitrant compounds in SBBR and STR might be related to the presence of unique microorganisms in each reactor., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
182. Investigating academic conference publications from provincial administrative regions in the mainland of China.
- Author
-
Zhang, Guijie, Wei, Fangfang, Wang, Peixin, and Liang, Yikai
- Subjects
ACADEMIC conferences ,CONFERENCE papers ,CHINESE people ,PROVINCES ,CITATION indexes - Abstract
This paper conducted a comparative analysis of the conference publications published by Chinese scholars from 2006 to 2019. The main results are as follows. First, the conference papers are unevenly distributed among the 31 provincial administrative regions. The annual number of conference papers published by scholars from different regions fluctuated during the study period. Second, there are different disciplinary distributions of China Proceedings of Conferences Full‐text Database (CPCD) papers and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI) papers, and the CPCI publications have a relatively centralized disciplinary distribution. Third, it is noteworthy that there are more CPCD papers than CPCI papers. With the introduction of the new science and technology evaluation standards of the Ministry of Science and Technology, there should be more conference papers in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
183. 《中国造纸》2020年发表文章述评.
- Author
-
刘振华, 杨苗秀, 董凤霞, and 黄 举
- Subjects
RESEARCH & development ,PAPER industry ,PUBLISHING - Abstract
Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
184. Correction to: Eliminating congestion in China's papermaking and paper products industry: from both the perspective of increasing and decreasing inputs.
- Author
-
Ren, Xian-tong and Yang, Guo-liang
- Subjects
PAPER products industry ,PAPERMAKING - Abstract
This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Eliminating congestion in China's papermaking and paper products industry: from both the perspective of increasing and decreasing inputs" published in the Journal of Productivity Analysis. The authors acknowledge that there is overlap and duplication between their paper and a previously published paper, and they apologize for not acknowledging this in their article. The correction notice provides the correct citation for the original article and states that the authors regret the lack of transparency regarding the similarities between the two papers. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. Group concept mapping – bridging the gap between conceptual papers and empirical research.
- Author
-
Homer, Stephen T.
- Subjects
CONCEPT mapping ,EMPIRICAL research ,MULTIDIMENSIONAL scaling ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) - Abstract
With growing internationalism, there is a shift in research patterns in developing countries, especially China and India, generating vital and contemporary research areas that are beginning to challenge the existing Western‐dominated research literature in social sciences. Yet, many of the new ideas within conceptual papers by the social sciences are not empirically validated, let alone operationalized. This is where the group concept mapping method can play a role in bridging the gap between phenomenal conceptualization and having an empirically valid model that can then be operationalized. The group concept mapping process involves five steps: create statements, sort statements, run multidimensional scaling (MDS) of sorted units, run cluster analysis, and label the clusters. This approach allows for the collective thoughts of a pre‐defined group to be collected and organized into a tangible output with academic rigor. This paper offers an overview of the group concept mapping methodology, discussing the processes of the method, how the method can be utilized fully within the business and broader social science context, and the strengths, weaknesses, and practical implications of group concept mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. Research Status and Trend of Family Finance-Based on Visual Analysis of Journal Papers from CNKI and WOS.
- Author
-
Xiaoshu SONG
- Subjects
PERSONAL finance ,FINANCIAL literacy ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,FINANCIAL risk ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
With the sustained economic growth, the importance of family finance has become increasingly prominent. In this research, the papers collected by Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) were visually analyzed via CiteSpace software, and a knowledge map for the field of family finance was constructed, which displayed the current situation, hotspots, and trends of family finance research from multiple angles in an all-round way. The results show that the number of published Chinese and English papers is increasing year by year, among which English papers are mainly contributed by American scholars, with relatively little cooperation and exchange between countries. In Chinese literature, the cooperation between authors and institutions is also limited. At present, the research in the field of family finance is ushering in a stage of rapid development, and the research hotspots mainly focus on financial literacy, financial knowledge, risk finance, and inclusive finance. Given this, the future research should focus on the cooperation among authors, institutions, and disciplines, and meanwhile, increase in-depth research on digital finance, and digital divide. These efforts will promote the further development of research in the field of family finance in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
187. Network optimization and performance evaluation of the water-use system in China's straw pulp and paper industry: a case study.
- Author
-
Li, Bo, Zhang, Guoquan, Ye, Maosheng, Du, Jing, Xiang, Xuemin, Quan, Xie, Yang, Fenglin, Xu, Xiaochen, and Ma, Shuming
- Subjects
WATER use ,PAPER industry ,WATER supply ,WOOD pulp industry ,WATER consumption - Abstract
Compared with wood pulp, straw pulp and papermaking, because of lower cost and abundancy of raw material, has become an indispensable approach in paper industry of China. However, its further application is limited by huge water consumption and wastewater discharge. By employing substance flow analysis, this study built up an optimization model and a performance evaluation system of water saving for the water-use network of a straw pulp and paper enterprise, after identifying the problems in present water consumption. Accordingly, an optimization plan was proposed to combine man-made water circulation with natural water circulation system. Additionally, a contrast analysis between the present and optimized water use was conducted. At last, we applied the proposed optimization plan to one of the most important and largest enterprises of straw pulp and paper industry in China as an illustration. Theoretically, water consumption could be reduced by 75.4 % without wastewater discharge after optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
188. Status Quo and Outlook of the Studies of Entrepreneurship Education in China: Statistics and Analysis Based on Papers Indexed in CSSCI (2004-2013)
- Author
-
Xia, Tian, Shumin, Zhang, and Yifeng, Wu
- Abstract
We utilized cross tabulation statistics, word frequency counts, and content analysis of research output to conduct a bibliometric study, and used CiteSpace software to depict a knowledge map for research on entrepreneurship education in China from 2004 to 2013. The study shows that, in this duration, the study of Chinese entrepreneurship education experienced a progression through three stages, an "exploratory stage of learning from foreign models," a "developmental stage geared toward employment problems," and a "transformative stage promoting cultivation of student abilities," and featured three primary characteristics, "multidisciplinary fusion," "imbalanced regional distribution," and "policy orientation." In the future, popular fields in the study of entrepreneurship education are to be concentrated in the three areas, namely "entrepreneurship education and talent cultivation," "entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial environments," and "entrepreneurship education and innovation education."
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
189. Revisiting Insider-Outsider Research in Comparative and International Education. Bristol Papers in Education: Comparative and International Studies
- Author
-
Crossley, Michael, Arthur, Lore, McNess, Elizabeth, Crossley, Michael, Arthur, Lore, and McNess, Elizabeth
- Abstract
This volume recognises how many researchers across the social sciences, and in comparative and international education in particular, see themselves as insiders or outsiders or, more pertinently, shifting combinations of both, in the research process. The book revisits and problematises these concepts in an era where the global mobility of researchers and ideas has increased dramatically, and when advances in comparative, qualitative research methodologies seek to be more inclusive, collaborative, participatory, reflexive and nuanced. Collectively, the chapters argue that, in the context of such change, it has become more difficult to categorise and label groups and individuals as being 'inside' or 'outside' systems, professional communities, or research environments. In doing so, it is recognised that individual and group identities can be multiple, flexible and changing such that the boundary between the inside and the outside is permeable, less stable and less easy to draw.The book draws upon an exciting collection of original research carried out in a diversity of educational systems from British, European, Latin American, Indian Ocean, South Asian, African and Chinese contexts and cultures. This develops a deep and innovative reconsideration of key issues that must be faced by all researchers involved in the planning and conduct of in-depth field research. This is a challenging and stimulating methodological contribution, designed to advance critical and reflective thinking while providing practical and accessible guidance, insights and support for new and experienced researchers within and beyond the field of comparative and international education. Following a foreword by Caroline Dyer, the following chapters are presented: (1) Positioning Insider-Outsider Research in the Contemporary Context (Lore Arthur, Elizabeth McNess, Michael Crossley); (2) 'Ethnographic Dazzle' and the Construction of the 'Other': Shifting Boundaries between the Insider and the Outsider (Elizabeth McNess, Lore Arthur, Michael Crossley); (3) Exploring the Concept of Insider' Outsider in Comparative and International Research: Essentialising Culture or Culturally Essential (Anna Robinson-Pant); (4) Constructing the Insider and Outsider in Comparative Research (Peter Kelly) (5) Beyond 'Insiders' and 'Outsiders' in Research for Education Policy-Making? The Discursive Positioning of the Researcher in International and Comparative Education (Nilou M. Hawthorne); (6) Mind the Gap: Reflections on Boundaries and Positioning in Research in International and Comparative Education (Claire Planel); (7) Methodological Challenges: Negotiation, Critical Reflection and the Cultural Other (Nicola Savvides, Joanna Al-Youssef, Mindy Colin, Cecilia Garrido); (8) Insider-Outsider-In Betweener? Researcher Positioning, Participative Methods and Cross-Cultural Educational Research (Lizzi O. Milligan); (9) Multiplicities of Insiderness and Outsiderness: Enriching Research Perspectives in Pakistan (Sughra Choudhry Khan); (10) Outside Inside, Inside Out: Challenges and Complexities of Research in Gypsy and Traveller Communities (Juliet McCaffery); (11) (Re)constructing Identities beyond Boundaries: Revisiting Insider-Outsider Perspectives in Research on International Students (Qing Gu); (12) Investigating Processes Underlying Identity Formation of Second Language Master's Students in UK Higher Education: Insiders or Outsiders (Hania Salter-Dvorak); (13) Coming Alongside in the Co-Construction of Professional Knowledge: A Fluid Approach to Researcher Positioning on the Insider-Outsider Continuum (Ed Wickins, Michael Crossley); and (14) Sharing Insights: How Culture Constructs and Constricts Knowledge (Maroussia Raveaud).
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
190. Research types and innovation performance: the mediating effect of paper influence and patent novelty.
- Author
-
Qiu, Shunli, Cao, Qinwei, Jiao, Meng, and Liang, Sijing
- Subjects
- *
PATENTS , *PANEL analysis , *RESOURCE allocation - Abstract
In order to clarify which types of research is more conducive to improving innovation performance, we use the panel data of key universities in China from 2009 to 2017 for empirical research. The results show that basic research intensity is significantly positive correlated with innovation performance, while paper influence, patent novelty plus the interaction between paper influence and patent novelty are all playing a mediating role between basic research intensity and innovation performance. Furthermore, we use applied research intensity, experimental development intensity and provincial panel data for variables substitution and sample subdivision to carry out robustness test, clarifying the functional mechanism and the heterogeneity of boundary conditions between different types of research intensity and innovation performance. Relevant conclusions are of great theoretical and practical value for optimising the allocation of S&T resources and enriching the theoretical system of innovation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. Non-Destructive Screening of Sodium Metabisulfite Residue on Shrimp by SERS with Copy Paper Loaded with AgNP.
- Author
-
Yuan, Chao, Zhao, Yanan, Xi, Xingjun, and Chen, Yisheng
- Subjects
SERS spectroscopy ,SHRIMPS - Abstract
In order to prompt the appearance of the shrimp color, sodium metabisulfite is frequently added in shrimp processing, which is, however, prohibited in China and many other countries. This study aimed to establish a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method for screening sodium metabisulfite residues on shrimp surfaces, in a non-destructive manner. The analysis was carried out using a portable Raman spectrometer jointly with copy paper loaded with silver nanoparticles as the substrate material. The SERS response of sodium metabisulfite gives two fingerprint peaks at 620 (strong) and 927 (medium) cm
−1 , respectively. This enabled unambiguous confirmation of the targeted chemical. The sensitivity of the SERS detection method was determined to be 0.1 mg/mL, which was equal to residual sodium metabisulfite on the shrimp surface at 0.31 mg/kg. The quantitative relationship between the 620 cm−1 peak intensities and the concentrations of sodium metabisulfite was established. The linear fitting equation was y = 2375x + 8714 with R2 = 0.985. Reaching an ideal balance in simplicity, sensitivity, and selectivity, this study demonstrates that the proposed method is ideally suitable for in-site and non-destructive screening of sodium metabisulfite residues in seafood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. Understanding Chinese archaeology by statistical analysis of papers published by Chinese researchers in Chinese and World core journals during the past century (1920–2020).
- Author
-
Wei, Xuan, Lou, Wentai, Li, Ting, Yang, Ruxi, Liang, Tingting, He, Chengpo, Wang, Liwei, Yuan, Junjie, and Li, Yinghua
- Subjects
- *
HISTORICAL archaeology , *ARCHAEOLOGY , *RESEARCH personnel , *BIBLIOMETRICS , *STATISTICS , *ARCHAEOLOGISTS , *INTERDISCIPLINARY research - Abstract
This article collected papers published by Chinese archaeologists in Chinese and World core journals (CCJs and WCJs for short) in the past century. Based on bibliometric analysis, the general characteristics and trends of Chinese archaeology were summarized. In a macroscopic perspective, historiography-rooted archaeology focusing on historical periods and central areas of China and preferring traditional archaeological methods (mainly a culture-historical paradigm) will continue to occupy a leading position in China. Simultaneously, interdisciplinary research and internationalisation will likely continue to develop and diversify Chinese archaeology, though the speed is unknown due to the impact of the pandemic. In comparison, more attention needs to be paid to theoretical research and to publishing more results of historical archaeology in WCJs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
193. Test reliability and comparability of paper and Chinese electronic version of the western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index: protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial.
- Author
-
Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu K, Chai Y, Lin F, Zhan H, Zheng Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Universities, Ontario, China, Electronics, Treatment Outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Osteoarthritis, Knee drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: The Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) is the most commonly used indicator of disease-specific outcome in knee osteoarthritis for its convenience and reliability. It has two formats the paper-based WOMAC (p-WOMAC) and the electronic WOMAC (e-WOMAC). In China, the p-WOMAC has been widely used though e-WOMAC is yet untested. This study aims to test whether e-WOMAC is consistent with the p-WOMAC before and after the intervention., Methods and Analysis: A total of 70 patients from Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine will be randomly assigned in two groups, named, group A and group B. This study is divided into three stages. In the first stage, patients in group A will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. In the second stage of the study, drug interventions will be implemented. 200 mg celecoxib will be administered orally once a day starting from the second day of enrolment for a period of 21 days. In the third stage, postintervention evaluation will be conducted after administration. Patients in group A will be evaluated first by e-WOMAC and then by p-WOMAC. Patients in group B will be evaluated first by p-WOMAC and then by e-WOMAC. In order to avoid the possible bias because of patients' potential memory, e-WOMAC and p-WOMAC will be taken for each patient at 15 min apart. The primary outcome of the study is the mean score difference in WOMAC, and the secondary outcomes are the score differences in WOMAC subscales: pain, stiffness and physical function., Ethics and Dissemination: The protocol has been approved by the Independent Review Board of SGH (approval number: 2020-814-21-01). The results of the trial will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal., Trial Registration Number: ChiCTR2100050914., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
194. [Blue paper of China sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system construction (2022)].
- Author
-
Professional Committee Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Chinese Research Hospital Society, Professional Committee Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Chinese Aging Well Association, Health Culture Committee Chinese Health Association, and Expert Committee Of China Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention And Rescue System Construction
- Subjects
- Humans, China, Death, Sudden, Cardiac prevention & control, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
- Abstract
In order to improve the comprehensive ability of China sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue, the Expert Committee of China Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention and Rescue System Construction organized 100 experts and scholars in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to form Blue paper of China sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system construction (2022). It mainly includes three parts: the organizational structure of the sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system, the main functions of the sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system, and the key projects of the sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system. It is hoped that the China sudden cardiac death prevention and rescue system will be established to serve the life and health of the people wholeheartedly.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. Impact of Environmental Information Disclosure Policy and Trade on Chinese Paper Industry Environmental Effects.
- Author
-
Feng S and Chen K
- Subjects
- China, Economic Development, Environmental Policy, Environmental Pollution analysis, Disclosure, Industry
- Abstract
While participation in the international division of labor has led to rapid economic development, it has also resulted in pressing environmental issues in China. In the context of "building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society" and the current sustainability requirements, research on the environmental impact of Chinese paper companies from the perspective of Environmental Information Disclosure (EID) policy and trade has not yet reached a consensus. This study constructs an analytical framework for the EID policy impact mechanism and trade on the environmental effects of the paper industry and enterprises. It explores the direct and indirect effects of EID policy and import-and-export trade on the paper industry environmental effects using the Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Differences (PSM-DID) model. EID positively impacts the pollution reduction of enterprises mainly through the technical effect. Export trade positively impacts the reduction of enterprises' emissions through the technology effect. However, the demand of the international market increases the pollution from the paper industries, which has a negative impact. Importing will enable enterprises to obtain greater price advantages which can alleviate and transfer the costs brought by EID. This study analyzes the impact of trade on the environmental effects of Chinese paper enterprises and identifies the impact of China's EID policy and trade on enterprises' pollution emissions. It provides a theoretical and practical foundation for the Chinese government to formulate environmental and trade policies.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
196. Impact of industrial agglomeration on energy efficiency in China’s paper industry.
- Author
-
Zheng, Qingying and Lin, Boqiang
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *INDUSTRIAL clusters , *PAPER industry & the environment , *ENERGY consumption , *SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
Guiding industries to produce in an effective and environmentally sustainable manner has become a key issue for governments around the world. Over the past 15 years, series of regional and industrial development policies have been introduced by the Chinese government. This has influenced the geographical distribution and energy efficiency performance of China’s industries. This paper quantifies the influence of enterprises geographical distribution on energy efficiency improvement in the paper industry and aims at providing some helpful suggestions on industrial development to policy makers. The main results show that, firstly, the paper industry in eastern China shows obvious characteristic of agglomeration. The average location quotient is 1.2278. However, following the industrial and regional development policies, the characteristic of agglomeration is weakening. Secondly, only when agglomeration reaches a certain level (location quotient is above 0.5447) will industrial agglomeration positively impact on industrial energy efficiency improvement (a 1% increase in agglomeration will increase dynamic energy efficiency by at least 0.23%). Thirdly, the regional development policies carried out by the government slow the pace of energy efficiency improvement in China’s paper industry. The empirical results indicate that the government needs to consider regional characteristics and consciously guide industrial enterprises to concentrate in the dominant area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. 制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制 技术理论与实践.
- Author
-
徐峻, 李军, and 陈克复
- Subjects
WATER pollution prevention ,POLLUTION ,WATER pollution ,PAPER industry ,POLLUTION prevention - Abstract
Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. Validation of the paper-disc soil method using soil alga Chlorococcum infusionum to quantitatively determine the toxicity of heavy metals.
- Author
-
Nam SH, Kim D, An S, and An YJ
- Subjects
- Cadmium toxicity, China, Environmental Monitoring, Risk Assessment, Soil, Water, Metals, Heavy analysis, Metals, Heavy toxicity, Soil Pollutants analysis, Soil Pollutants toxicity
- Abstract
The paper-disc soil method is a soil algal bioassay used to assess soil water transfer in polluted soils. Although this ecotoxicological method was first established in 2016 to assess soil pollution, quantitative toxicity assessments of Cu- or Ni-treated soil and in situ or ex situ soils polluted with other heavy metals (HMs) have not been widely conducted. In this study, the paper-disc soil method was validated under different test conditions. The validated paper-disc soil method was used to quantitatively investigate the toxicity of four HMs (As, Cd, Cr, and Zn). Based on the results, the test species, initial inoculation concentration in the algal-dispersed solution, water content, light intensity, and exposure duration were proposed as Chlorococcum infusionum, 3 × 10
6 cells/mL in Bold's basal medium, 80% water-holding capacity, 4000 ± 500 lx, and 6 days, respectively. The toxicity of HMs was quantified using the validated paper-disc soil method, and the half-maximal effective concentration values for biomass were calculated as 22.49 (21.26-23.78) mg Cr/kg dry weight (dw) soil, 42.72 (38.64-47.24) mg Cd/kg dw soil, 57.79 (55.46-60.21) mg As/kg dw soil, and 183.06 (175.38-191.06) mg Zn/kg dw soil. The paper-disc soil method using the soil alga C. infusionum was validated by quantitatively evaluating the test conditions and toxicity of HMs. Our results provide important quantitative toxicity data for soil algae exposed to HMs and a basis for standardizing the paper-disc soil method using soil algae., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Comment on the paper 'Soil microplastic pollution under different land uses in tropics, southwestern China'.
- Author
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Chia RW, Lee JY, and Cha J
- Subjects
- China, Environmental Monitoring, Soil, Microplastics, Plastics
- Abstract
Research on soil microplastics is currently at an early stage, and there is no widely approved sampling protocol. Even so, any basic research should minimize errors to ensure that they are not amplified in future research. This paper examines some weaknesses of the original research paper 'Soil microplastic pollution under different land uses in tropics, southwestern China' recently published in this journal. The authors neglected to report the equipment used for soil sampling and did not use field blank samples. There is also a soil layer that was incorrectly named. The type and pore size of filter paper used for filtration during pre-analytical soil sample preparation is very important. In this paper the nature of the filter paper used, and its larger pore sizes are questionable by today's scientists. In addition, the authors in the original paper also overlooked reporting the statistical package used for statical analysis and ensuring if all data sets obey normality, homogeneity, and equality before running the one-way ANOVA test. This statistical step is widely considered mandatory, especially in the soil science community. So, this makes it difficult to trust the results documented. Furthermore, in the original paper, the needle and stereo microscope instruments used to sort microplastic-like materials prior to proper analysis are not reliable., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
200. Measuring the online attention to business research papers: An altmetric study of selected journals with high impact factor.
- Author
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Verma, Manoj Kumar and Yuvaraj, Mayank
- Subjects
- *
ALTMETRICS , *SOCIAL media in business , *BUSINESS ethics , *CITATION analysis , *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *STATISTICAL software - Abstract
The present study is aimed toward examining the attention received by research papers through social and electronic media in business research. In recent years, altmetrics has emerged as a complementary measure of the impact of research works besides citation analysis and bibliometrics. Using the altmetric attention score (AAS) the paper is the first research of its kind to shed light on the characteristics of 100 papers receiving the highest online attention. Various predictors of online engagement with articles in business research journals having an impact factor greater than 6 are discussed. Data was collected from the Dimensions.ai database and analyzed using R statistical software. It is found that the Journal of Business Ethics contributed maximum papers with the highest AAS followed by the Journal of Business Research. Using the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test it was determined that AAS in business research is dependent upon article type, topics, and journal of publication. Most of the papers in high impact factor business journals have been contributed by the authors of USA, UK and China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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