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This study investigates the dynamic relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU), geopolitical risks (GPR), the interaction of EPU and GPR (EPGR), and inflation in the USA, Canada, the UK, Japan, and China. We employ the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to track the evolution of model variables and the wavelet coherence (WC) to examine the co-movement and lead-lag status of the series across different frequencies and time. To strengthen the WC, we apply the multiple wavelet coherence (MWC) to determine how good the linear combination of independent variables co-moves with inflation across various time-frequency domains. The CWT reveals heterogeneous characteristics in the evolution of each variable across frequencies. Inflation across samples shows strong variance in the short-term and medium-term while the volatility fizzles out in the long-term. For the explanatory variables, a similar pattern holds for EPU except for Japan and China, where coherence is evident in the short-term. The USA's and Canada's GPR reveal strong coherence in the short- and medium-term. Also, the UK and China reflect strong coherence in the short-term but weak significance in the medium-term, while Japan's GPR reflects only strong coherence in the short-term. The EPGR shows strong variation in the short-and-medium-term in the samples except in China. The WC's phase-difference reflects bidirectional causalities and switches in signs among series across different scales and periods in the samples, while the MWC reveals the combined intensity, strength, and significance of both EPU and GPR in predicting inflation across frequency bands among the countries. Findings also show significant co-movement among series at date-stamped periods, corroborating critical global events such as the Asian financial crisis, Global financial crisis, and COVID-19 pandemic. The paper has policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Business Studies is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research paper investigates the evolving defense cooperation between India and Japan in the context of the strategic landscape in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly considering China's rise. The existing literature recognizes China's increasing influence as a significant factor in India-Japanese security cooperation, but tends to overlook the dynamics behind India's shifting stance. The study reveals that India initially hesitated to actively engage in anti-China security cooperation with Japan until the mid-2010s, but later adopted a more proactive partnership. An analysis of policy documents, political speeches, and government records attributes India's initial reluctance to its commitment to non-alignment and strategic autonomy, its desire to balance relations with both China and Japan, and its domestic political priorities favoring economic development over military expansion or strategic alliances. However, growing concerns over China's assertiveness, military modernization, a change in political leadership, and the Quad's development as a regional security platform have prompted India's attitude shift. The research's recommendations not only offer a roadmap for India, Japan, and other Indo-Pacific countries with deep economic ties to China, but also help combat China's military threats to contribute to regional stability and security, address common challenges, and foster a peaceful and prosperous Indo-Pacific region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China and Japan are both Asian countries that are geographically adjacent and share a common cultural heritage. Suicide is a significant public health concern in both countries. While Japan has established a relatively mature framework for suicide prevention, China lacks national suicide prevention mechanisms. This paper analyzes the disparity in adolescent suicide prevention between China and Japan so that China can learn from Japan’s experience in this area and develop effective, systematic mechanisms for the prevention and intervention of adolescent suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, conventional island shield buildings (CISBs), which are situated close to the nuclear islands of nuclear power plants, are class III seismic items. This is the most important level in the seismic fortification standard. Calculations to check resistance overturning under extremely safe seismic action should be carried out. Although strict seismic design has been carried out, many beyond-design-basis events, such as the 3/11 earthquake in Japan, have occurred in recent years. Under the action of such accidental loads, there is still the possibility that the important vertical bearing components of a CISB will be damaged or destroyed, which will lead to the progressive vertical collapse of the CISB structure, and ultimately threaten the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, it is necessary to study the progressive collapse resistance mechanism of the CISB in order to further optimize and improve its design. In this paper, we take the CISB as a research object and consider the failure mechanism of its vertical progressive collapse synthetically, using SAP2000 finite element software to study the causation and strength of resistance force and internal force redistribution characteristics due to progressive collapse under different column removal conditions (long-side middle, short-side middle, internal, and corner columns) using the instantaneous unloading method. The results show that the residual structure is at risk of collapse under the corner and long-edge middle column removal conditions, and there is no risk of collapse under the short-edge middle and internal column conditions. The failure and collapse resistance of the corner column only has a beam mechanism, and the long-side middle column forms a catenary mechanism in the Y direction. The short-side middle column can resist collapse by the beam mechanism, while the internal column forms a bidirectional catenary mechanism in the X and Y directions. The axial force of the column in the residual structure is mainly redistributed to column members with adjacent spans to the failure column, and column members with separated spans are less affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bamboo shoot (Phyllostachys pubescens) is mainly cultivated in China and Japan. It represents a reservoir of micro and macronutrients and contains a high amount of proteins, essential amino acids, phenolic acids, sterols, and fibers. Thank to these compounds, several beneficial health effects have been attributed to the bamboo shoot. This review is aimed at discussing a collection of research papers on Bamboo shoot in pharmaceutical and food fields. A particular focus is addressed to the chemical profile, the different biological activities, the different uses, the traditional recipes, the methods of conservation and the treatments of the shoot. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a comprehensive review that is focused exclusively on the applications of the shoot of bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens in different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focuses on Chinese football fans' reactions to the Japanese national team and their fans' behaviour during the World Cup 2022. Despite the historical and contemporary problems that make friendly relations with Japan difficult to achieve, football fans in China largely welcomed the good performance of the Japanese national team. This attitude may be described as 'thin cosmopolitanism' because Chinese fans' major frame of reference was still nationalistic. For them, the impressive performance of the Japanese national team means that Asians and the 'yellow race people' can also play good football. However, the Japanese fans, whose cleaning up of stadia received wide coverage during the World Cup, were criticized by the Chinese fans who interpreted the Japanese fans' action as reinforcing the existing global racial order. The findings of this paper help reveal the limits regarding football's role in contributing to a more cosmopolitan worldview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the history of English textbooks and the challenges they are facing in the current EFL contexts of Japan and mainland China. In these countries, English textbooks, and textbooks for all other subjects, can only be used in classrooms following governmental evaluation and approval. The main set of criteria for textbook evaluation is provided by the national curriculum, which also serves as a guideline for compiling textbooks; it illustrates the purpose and objectives of each subject, contains descriptions of achievement levels for each grade, as well as suggestions for teaching, assessing and compiling textbooks. In effect, textbooks are the direct materialization of the national curriculum implemented in real classrooms, particularly in textbook dominated English classes. This paper starts by discussing the significance of textbook research before presenting a historical review of English textbooks in Japan and mainland China. The focus of the review is to delineate the current challenge of underestimating the use of the first language in EFL textbooks. The final section draws trajectory maps of the two countries and explores a new approach to overcoming the challenge of creating engaging activities that incorporate both student's first language and target language in EFL classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Japan's threat perceptions toward China have hardened over the post-Cold War period. This led Tokyo to rely more on overt balancing strategies compared with engagement and hedging strategies. While hard balancing measures are widely discussed in the literature, little or no attention is paid to soft balancing. Though concerned about China's strategic rise, Japan's strategic options are limited by the entrenched normative constraints within the security policymaking structure. These conditions make soft balancing a critical and viable strategy for Japan. The prominence of soft balancing is illustrated by analyzing Japan's response to China's widening influence in Southeast Asia, primarily focusing on two areas – East Asian multilateralism and the South China Sea territorial disputes. Empirically, this paper offers a more nuanced analysis of Japan's response to China's strategic rise; and theoretically, explains the way Japan's case strengthens the conceptual utility of soft balancing through the incorporation of a normative perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much work has examined the phenomenon of dispute escalation, whereby the concrete measures state actors take edge them closer to war. Less attention has been devoted to the ways in which state actors' perceptions of what is at stake in a dispute can also change, with important consequences for the likelihood of conflict. This paper examines the phenomenon of dispute inflation – wherein a contest over an object or issue assumes ever greater stakes and significance for its protagonists – and identifies three different mechanisms that can generate increasing non-material stakes. The upshot is that theoretically even a minor dispute can grow into a major conflict due to swelling stakes, especially when dispute inflation spirals. To illustrate these dynamics at work, this paper looks to recent developments in the dispute between the People's Republic of China and Japan over the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rapid industrialization, rising fossil fuel consumption, and environmental concerns, developing clean and green energy is an inescapable option. Hydrogen has emerged as a significant potential energy carrier and a viable future replacement fuel for fossil fuels due to its renewable and pollution-free properties. Previous review papers have significantly contributed to the body of literature on the various technologies for producing hydrogen by revealing key insights into their working principles and conditions, as well as the economic and environmental aspects. In addition, they also highlighted the potential pathways to enable the application of these technologies in the context of carbon neutrality. However, these studies have not broken down the evolutionary patterns and developmental progress of either fossil fuel-based or renewable energy-based technologies used to produce hydrogen. In addition, the currently available literature does not contain the most recent research that focuses on the evolution and life cycle of each technology category from a chronological point of view. The key drivers, countries/regions, and their contributions to the field's development have received little attention. As a result, it is critical to monitor technological advances in hydrogen energy production and investigate the key enablers of these advancements. Against this backdrop, the current study employs patent analysis tools to achieve four primary goals: (1) to track the development trends in the field of hydrogen production from 2000 to 2019; (2) to identify and compare the recent development trends in the last five years according to the feedstock, i.e., fossil fuel, water, and biomass-based technologies; (3) to predict the technology life cycle of the two main groups of hydrogen production technologies (fossil and renewable); (4) to identify and compare the key drivers of hydrogen production technologies from a statistical standpoint. The findings of the study may aid in identifying technical prospects in the field of fossil and renewable-based hydrogen production, and decision-makers may use them as a reference in developing a strategic plan for future technological growth. • Patent review on hydrogen production technologies from 2000 to 2019. • Japan, US, China are the leading countries in the field. • Recent developments are focused on renewable energy-based technologies especially water. • Technology maturity rate of renewable-based technologies is about 57%. • R&D expenditure strongly promotes hydrogen production innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to establish a new statistical framework for measuring global flow of funds (GFF) based on its inherent mechanisms. It advances a previous theoretical discussion and develops a practical operational statistical matrix. Based on theoretical and practical possibilities the paper gets existing data from the International Investment Position, the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey, the Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey, and International Banking Statistics are integrated for measuring GFF. The main outcome is a prototype GFF matrix that includes stock data geographically disaggregated by country/region and selected financial instruments. The paper presents a GFF Matrix compiled with the pattern of 'Country vis-à-vis Country' matrix, and through using the GFF matrix to analyze the basic status, mutual relationship and existing problems between China, Japan, and the United States in the external financial positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes spatial influences of national economic growth on trade and the emission of PM2.5 for three Northeast Asia countries—China, Japan, and Korea. An Air pollution-Multinational Computable General Equilibrium model is developed to integrate two environmental modules for PM2.5 emissions and premature mortality with a multinational economic model. Emission flows of PM2.5 are examined in terms of production-based emissions by the producer in the supply process and consumption-based emissions by the consumer in the demand process. The paper shows that capital stock accumulation in China has positive effects on increases in total trades as well as production-based and consumption-based emissions of PM2.5 among three countries. In contrast with these impacts, the supply growth of Japan and Korea through the capital accumulation could reduce total amounts of emissions of PM2.5 pollutants in the area because of increasing their outputs with low-emission technologies and substituting for Chinese imports. However, their increases for imports would cause premature deaths in China to rise, so two countries need to share economic costs for mitigating the emission of the PM2.5 in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its long-term negative health effects and increasing emissions, the PM2.5 issue has caused rising concerns in recent years. Although official media from East Asian countries tend to avoid blaming PM emission sources on their neighboring countries, researches have proved the existence of pronounced long-range trans-boundary particulate matters transported by nature force and by human activities. In this context, this paper included the structural path analysis (SPA) to quantify trans-boundary PM2.5 at sector level, track its transaction paths and figure out the linkages between consumption and production responsibilities of China, Japan and Korea. Based on the results and policy reviews of current environmental cooperation mechanisms, this paper found that: Considering the China-Japan and China-Korea trades, China's net exportation of embodied PM2.5 emissions has exceeded the importation rates over 10 times (CHN → JPN, 56.53 kt, JPN → CHN, 3.58 kt; CHN → KOR, 59.19 kt, KOR → CHN, 5.31 kt). Japan and Korea benefited from importing raw materials with high emission intensity from China to meet domestic consumption needs and keep a low national emission level. China, the largest emitter in the world, should first take the responsibility to mitigate its huge domestic PM2.5 emission. However, the relocated emissions from its neighboring countries should not be ignored. For Japan or Korea, due to the close economic interdependence and geographical position, any contribution to the reduction of the trans-boundary emissions or to the solution of atmosphere problems within China also helps those countries themselves. In the long run, all three countries would benefit from enhancing subregional environmental cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic interest in non-Western firm strategy and organizational structure has tended to focus on especially successful countries, and on the firms that lead that success. Thus, published research in the 1980s focused on the "Japanese success story" and the auto industry, while currently research on China is in vogue. This research, however, tends to overemphasize country-specific contexts as the primary source of success, paying less attention to the effects of organizational factors that vary among firms within the same country context. This approach also deemphasizes the value of examining any combination of Western and non-Western approaches, a key element in the paper on the Acer strategy by Chen and Miller in this issue. Numagami, Karube, and Kato's paper recognizes the importance of looking at the variations in how different firms respond to matured business environments and of the evolution of country business cultures as a source of academic insights. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Japanese government has announced a commitment to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. It envisages an important role for hydrogen in the nation's future energy economy. This paper explores the possibility that a significant source for this hydrogen could be produced by electrolysis fueled by power generated from offshore wind in China. Hydrogen could be delivered to Japan either as liquid, or bound to a chemical carrier such as toluene, or as a component of ammonia. The paper presents an analysis of factors determining the ultimate cost for this hydrogen, including expenses for production, storage, conversion, transport, and treatment at the destination. It concludes that the Chinese source could be delivered at a volume and cost consistent with Japan's idealized future projections. Hydrogen is regarded as important to Japan's clean energy transition. Here the authors consider the production of hydrogen by electrolysis fueled by offshore wind power in China, and the potential for delivery to Japan as part of Japan's transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]