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The article focuses on the author's experience during the cyclone Michaung, which brought heavy rain and flooding to Chennai, and the author's surprise at the name given to the cyclone by Myanmar, which means "resilience and fortitude". It describes the author's personal struggles during the flood, including evacuating their home and relying on the kindness of others to survive, and highlights the widespread devastation caused by the cyclone.

Governing transitions have assumed increasing significance in managing change with respect to climate change and rapid periurbanization. In this respect, evidence from sustainability transitions research in South Asia stipulates the need for institutional innovations that are suitable to the governance context, which is characterized by a fuzzy field of "speculative frontiers," and strong hierarchically structured mechanisms. This paper focuses on Chennai, India to ascertain the potentials of "adaptive governance" in this periurban region of the Global South. We approach this by (a) defining the periurban space from a bio-regional, socioecological systems perspective, (b) complementing it with a zonal classification considering disaster and climate change risks, and (c) presenting an adaptive governance framework. Based on analyzing existing governance structures, the paper discusses identified syndromes, synergistic potentials and activities for adaptive governance, especially highlighting water and agroecologyrelated pathways. Our integrated analytical approach is (a) multi-dimensional deploying the adaptive governance framework, (b) multi-level considering local, intermediate and state governance, and (c) multi-scalar applying macro, meso and micro scales. The implications underscore that transformative interventions, sooner or later, will have to challenge the system that produces such climate vulnerabilities. In spite of several barriers, there are noteworthy indications of adaptive governance practices discernible in numerous niche projects in the Chennai region that demonstrate diverse embryonic forms to build more strategic and conscientious approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is our great pleasure to present this special issue ofHeat Transfer Engineeringwith a selection of papers presented at the 21st National & 10th ISHMT-ASME Heat and Mass Transfer Conference, held on December 27–30, 2011. The conference was jointly sponsored by the Indian Society of Heat and Mass Transfer (ISHMT) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and was held at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras campus in Chennai, India. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The impact of disasters on human well-being extends beyond loss of assets. Asset based compensation approach, usually in monetary form, that the governments adopt for reconstruction of losses of affected persons is marred by challenges in identification of compensable disasters; identification of eligible claimants; identification of compensable losses; and valuation of losses. The largest asset that a household possesses is their house, which suffers major damage. Loss to a house goes beyond the asset itself and affects many dimensions of human well-being. The question this paper examines is, what are the dimensions of well-being, that housing and its location, as resource, have been able to reconstruct for households who were resettled in resettlement colonies of Chennai (India)? Using the framework proposed by Martin Binder, this paper identifies the dimensions of housing well-being and the extent to which these are reconstructed through post-disaster relocation, using the case of households relocated in resettlement colonies in Chennai (India) after disasters since 2004. This paper reveals that housing, and its location contributes to well-being, which is much more than its asset characteristics. Post-disaster resonstruction through relocation and provision of housing must create those opportunities that contribute to well-being. Opportunities for higher income, neighbourhood security, social capital, safety level in the neighbourhood, access to informal/social system for childcare, social and economic associations are significant contributors to housing well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Development Research is the property of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate "corporate governance" of the English East India Company (EIC) in the late 17th century through a case study of the Tonkin factory (1672–1697). Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws upon British primary materials relating to the Tonkin factory to examine and analyze the EIC's style of management in Tonkin (Vietnam) and Bantam (Java). Qualitative and comparative methods are applied to the analysis of reports, records and letters written by EIC staff. Findings: The paper finds that the EIC faced principal-agent problems as it had difficulties administering its distant agents and subsidiaries in the 17th century. London was strategically weakened, both by the limiting power of regional headquarters and by its use of experienced factors. Before 1682, London failed to temper the Bantam Council's influence, and there were serious internal conflicts and power struggles between English Tonkin employees seeking to improve their positions. After 1686, London successfully forced Madras to adopt a noninterventionist stance in Tonkin's business, but it faced the problem of "adverse selection." Originality/value: This paper provides evidence from the Tonkin factory (1672–1697) to show the EIC's governance in the perspective of the agency theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aimed to assess the sediment distribution pattern, mode of transport, and its interaction with hydrodynamic and topographic conditions at different depths and regions along the east coast of India. About 900 surficial sediment samples were collected and analysed on a monthly basis for the Chennai coastal region at 32 stations from 2013 to 2015. The study region is classified into four types, such as beach, inlet, 5 m, and 10 m depth. Sediment textural and grain size trend analyses were conducted to achieve the objectives. Sediment characteristics for the region were recorded as sandy, equally dominated by unimodal and bimodal at the beach, while unimodal at shallow depths (5 and 15 m). The sediments were medium sand to coarse sand at the beach, mostly fine followed by medium at 5 and 15 m depths. The sediment sorting is dominated by moderately well-sorted sediments; the skewness of beach sediments was negative, while nearshore sediments were found positive; average kurtosis values of sediments were noticed to be mesokurtic. The CM plot depicts that the sediments were mostly derived by tractive current, and the modes of transport are "bottom suspension and rolling" and "graded suspension no rolling" at beach locations and shallow water depths, respectively. The GSTA analysis reveals the annual average sediment transport pattern is northerly. The numerical hydrodynamic study confirms the GSTA and CM plot analysis. The study reveals a stable sedimentary environment south of the Chennai port and instability in the northern part. The study includes large spatiotemporal nearshore sediment data with hydrodynamic conditions, immensely helpful to coastal stakeholders and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the timing of one‐time fluctuations in births subsequent to the 1918 influenza pandemic in Madras (now Chennai), India. After seasonally decomposing key demographic aggregates, we identified abrupt one‐time fluctuations in excess births, deaths, and infant deaths. We found a contemporaneous spike in excess deaths and infant deaths and a 40‐week lag between the spike in deaths and a subsequent deficit in births. The results suggest that India experienced the same kind of short‐term postpandemic "baby bust" that was observed in the United States and other countries. Identifying the mechanisms underlying this widespread phenomenon remains an open question and an important topic for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to extend the enhanced "unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)" model with pandemic precautionary measures (PPM) to examine the variables that influence the adoption of "cashless transactions (CLT)" during pandemic periods such as COVID-19. For this purpose, this research polled 363 people from 15 zones of Chennai City, India. Utilizing the responses, the relationship between components was explored using a PLS-SEM approach in two distinct research models to examine the influence of PPM in the enhanced UTAUT. The results indicate that the model with PPM (model 2) exhibited an improvement over the model without PPM (model 1) in the variance explained of behavioural intention from 77.3 to 82%. Further, in model 1, performance expectation is the most potent predictor of individuals' intentions to use CLT, and in model 2, performance expectations deteriorated slightly in its ability and PPM became the most potent predictor. Furthermore, these findings reveal that the PPM-included enhanced UTAUT has significantly strengthened its ability to explain behavioural intent to adopt CLT. Thus, this research model has the potential to be of great use in investigating the adoption of CLT in any epidemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to provide an insight on effect of stringency in Covid-19 spread in India especially in Chennai, a city were more lockdown, and restrictions was imposed to control the infection. Even though the restriction was imposed in the country by the end of March 2020, the growth reduction was seen in the mid of June as the awareness was increased. The average Covid-19 case growth was got reduce from 3.43 to 2.62% by July mid. To analysis the impact of stringency, a detailed analysis was done on Chennai city which was imposed with more repeated lockdowns to flatten the curve. We tried to fit a regression line with three difference scenario of data. The results show a promising R-squared and p value, with a right skewed distribution normal probability plot. The impact of lockdown in people's lives in different sectors were also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a reflective discussion of the research method developed by a small research team over a 5-year period as it intra-acted with the south Asian monsoon in three south/southeast Asian cities. It reflects on how the team's practice was transformed from being research on or about the monsoon as a discrete unit of analysis, to research in the monsoon and with its agential materiality. The paper first outlines the theoretical resources from cultural geography, anthropology, feminist theory, posthuman theory, and science and technology studies that the project drew from. After this theoretical section, the paper then discusses the practical implications of the method and the two emergent strands of research ('weather matters' and 'construction matters') that were followed in Chennai, Dhaka, and Yangon. The final section of the paper reflects on the extension of the method into the formatting of a book and an online exhibition. The paper concludes by arguing that what the method offers to cultural, weather-based research in monsoonal and other climes, is a situated, non-formulaic method that recognizes the affordances of the Earth's agency, of matter and of other-than-human lives for generating knowledge of and ways of being in changing weather-worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Government of India came up with the 103rd Amendment for reserving 10% of jobs and entry into public educational institutions for economically weaker sections (EWS) of the society. This is a significant departure from earlier reservation for SC/ST and OBCs, which were 'vertical' in nature while the 2019 Act for EWS is 'horizontal' in character. The Supreme Court has put a cap of 50% in total for different types of reservation, keeping in mind the constitutional stipulation that it should be reasonable and proportionate. In Indra Sawhney judgement, (1992) the court has excluded creamy layer from the ambit of reservation for the OBC. The Madras High Court has asked to Tamil Nadu government to get concurrence of Supreme Court to provide 10% reservation to medical seats to EWS, as it would cross the cap of 50%. This paper is an attempt to run through political and judicial journey in looking at the conflicting challenges of equality of opportunity with affirmative action for bolstering socio-economic vulnerable sections of the society. It does not, prima facie, find any infirmity in the notion of economic backwardness qualifying for reservation as against caste based reservation. The paper also unveils how the income limit of Rs.8 lakhs per annum to qualify as EWS is humongous and at variance with the definition of BPL families whose per capita income was pitched at Rs.33 per day by the Tendulkar Committee in 2011. Many judges of the Supreme Court have observed that caste based or income based reservation has the disadvantage of promoting inefficiency in government jobs, particularly in specialised areas. Liberal democracy and market economy put a premium on competition and efficiency as the sine qua non of higher growth. The paper argues that a better way for promoting equality is to create an enabling environment, build human capability in terms of vocational training, skilling, access to state of art technology and higher social sector investment in merit goods, than is being presently done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the fireworks industry (FI), many accidents and explosions frequently happen due to human error (HE). Human factors (HFs) always play a dynamic role in the incidence of accidents in workplace environments. Preventing HE is a main challenge for safety and precautions in the FI. Clarifying the relationship between HFs can help in identifying the correlation between unsafe behaviors and influential factors in hazardous chemical warehouse accidents. This paper aims to investigate the impact of HFs that contribute to HE, which has caused FI disasters, explosions, and incidents in the past. This paper investigates why and how HEs contribute to the most severe accidents that occur while storing and using hazardous chemicals. The impact of fireworks and match industry disasters has motivated the planning of mitigation in this proposal. This analysis used machine learning (ML) and recommends an expert system (ES). There were many significant correlations between individual behaviors and the chance of HE to occur. This paper proposes an ML-based prediction model for fireworks and match work industries in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu. For this study analysis, the questionnaire responses are reviewed for accuracy and coded from 500 participants from the fireworks and match industries in Tamil Nadu who were chosen to fill out a questionnaire. The Chief Inspectorate of Factories in Chennai and the Training Centre for Industrial Safety and Health in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India, significantly contributed to the collection of accident datasets for the FI in Tamil Nadu, India. The data are analyzed and presented in the following categories based on this study's objectives: the effect of physical, psychological, and organizational factors. The output implemented by comparing ML models, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and Naïve Bayes (NB) accuracy is 86.45%, 91.6%, and 92.1%, respectively. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) has the optimal classification accuracy of 94.41% of ML models. This research aims to create a new ES to mitigate HE risks in the fireworks and match work industries. The proposed ES reduces HE risk and improves workplace safety in unsafe, uncertain workplaces. Proper safety management systems (SMS) can prevent deaths and injuries such as fires and explosions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous Underwater Profiling Drifter (AUPD) is developed by National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Chennai, India, for the vertical profiling of the ocean. AUPD is a free-drifting profiling platform for near real-time in-situ observation of the upper 2000 m of the ocean column. It measures conductivity and temperature profiles with reference to depth. The AUPD transmits measured data through ARGOS satellite Platform Terminal Transmitter (PTT) to ARGOS regional centre as per the requirement of the International ARGO program. The AUPD ascends or descends due change in buoyancy (±250 cm3). While on sea surface (to transmit the profile data), the position of the float is derived using the Doppler shift method with an accuracy of ~100 m. NIOT developed AUPD and deployed in the Arabian Sea in 2013–2015. The AUPD is ballasted for a pre-deployment depth of 2000 m and pre-programmed for a typical profiling cycle of 2 days. The AUPD is designed with 32 bit Atmel micro-controller and a lithium battery bank provides power. It has endurance for 150 profiles. AUPD float is suitable to fulfil the demand for profiling floats for International Argo Program. This paper is focused on the development of AUPD. The paper also discusses testing and field deployment of AUPD float. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Aluminium is a predominant heavy metal found in everyday products like perfumes, antiperspirants, medication, milk, vaccinations, etc. Biologically available Aluminum is non-essential and toxic to the body. Excessive intake of Aluminum can lead to various negative consequences such as neurodegeneration of the brain, age-related changes, etc. Most of the aluminium exposure is through food and its products. Hence, this study aims to determine the Aluminium levels in milk. Materials and Methods: Twenty samples were collected and stored in the Tiruvallur district area, Chennai. They were broken down into nitric and perchloric acid (4:1 v/v) until a transparent solution was obtained. This was then filtered using Whatman filter paper and diluted. Aluminum content was estimated using a flame absorption spectrophotometer. Results: This study shows that the mean aluminum levels in the milk supply in Tiruvallur district are 116.25 ± 28.316. The current study also showed that the values are significant (p=0.000). Conclusion: Hence, the Aluminium levels of milk are within permissible levels, and care should be taken not to intake excessive amounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims at understanding the Talent Management Practices followed in IT Industry and how it influences job performance of Employees with special reference in Chennai City, Tamilnadu. Human capital plays a very important role and hence the present study aims at apply the talent management practice and measure the job performance of them. The study also attempts to analyze various factors contributing to job performance. A well -- structured questionnaire measures the responses and majority of the respondents are star performers. The Questionnaire has been validated to examine the relationship between various factors. The results elucidate that providing good working condition to employees, giving full autonomy to employees, encouraging employees to participate in discussions, arranging need based trainings to employees, giving the rewards and good recognition for employees, adopting fair and effective performance appraisal method for employees and providing feedback to employees on their performance are main talent management practices adopted by Information Technology (IT)sector. Significant difference is there among talent management practices in IT sector and socio-economic profile of employees. Performance of employees is positively, moderately and significantly related with talent management practices in IT sector, Therefore, IT companies should give adequate salary and perks to employees and they must have flexible working hours for employees. Besides, IT companies should give due respect to emotions and feelings of employees.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of smart cities and industry causes an increase in waste production. The amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) increases by several factors, including population growth, economic status, and consumption trends. The inadequacy of basic trash data is a major issue for managing MSW. Numerous existing models based on solid waste prediction have been presented so far, but none of them predict solid waste accurately and also it consumes more time. To address these concerns, a deep convolutional spiking neural network for solid waste prediction (DCSNN-SWP) is proposed in this paper. Here, the real-time solid waste prediction data are gathered from the quantity of municipal corporation of Chennai (MCC), landfill, garden garbage, and coconut shell reports in Tamil Nadu (Chennai), such as Zone 9 (Nungambakkam), Zone 10 (Kodambakkam) and Zone 13 (Adyar). Then the collected solid waste data are pre-processed using the kernel correlation model. Then the pre-processing data is given to DCSNN-hybrid BCMO and Archimedes optimization algorithm which accurately predicts the solid waste as wet waste, dry waste, horticulture waste, and dumping yard for 2022-2032 years. The proposed DCSNN-SWP method has been implemented in Python. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to explore the impact of students' perceived academic stress on the quality of campus life of business schools in South India. A survey was conducted among the first and final-year MBA students from Chennai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad business schools. Structured questionnaires designed through Google Forms were used to gather the primary data from a sample of 386 students. A cross-sectional study examined the significant academic stressors and how students perceive and manage these stressors. In addition, this paper also analyzes the impact of academic stress on the quality of campus life by examining the physical health, environmental health, mental health, and social relationships among students. Data was collected thrice in a semester, i.e., during the beginning of the semester, mid-semester, and end of the semester during examinations. The research outcome shows that all the academic stress factors identified in the study (stress perception, stressors, and stress management) significantly relate to the academic stress construct. Similarly, physical, environmental, and mental health and social relationship are positively associated with the quality of campus life. The results of the SEM also portray that the academic stress prevailing in the business schools results in negative perceptions towards the quality of campus life among the student community [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this era of globalization all the disciplines are connecting and emerging together. It is accepted by all that science, technology, social sciences, economics, environment and ecology are the integral parts to study literature. Literature is considered to be the mirror of life. It is a proclivity to study literature with an ecological perspective. The consolidation of human and non-human entities create the strong impact to purge into the unearthed field of eco-critical cultural study of literary work. Anita Rau Badami is an Indian Writer writes in the contemporary era. Her themes and stories are about the Indian, Canadian topographies and cultures. Her novel explores the eco-cultural ethics in India and Canada. The ecocriticism is the study of the relationship between literature and the environment. But the environment is hereby considered with a view to moralistic standard. Eco criticism means the study of nature in connection with thematic aspect, artistic, social, ideological, economical, climate change, food crisis, water, toxicity, deforestation, globalization and of course environmental study. So, fundamentally, nature's influence on our lives and our literature is to be established in this research paper from the novel. Badami Anita Rau depicted the town Toturpuram. She gave it body and roads, in many ways the town resembles a section of Madras before it became Chennai. In the beginning of the novel there is a fine setting of sea-shore, boats, waves, froth, sand, the sun means interrelation of human and non-human entities. Throughout the novel page to page the deep delineation of nature, seashore, seasons, impact of environment on human beings and their deeds actions are criticized in this research paper. The elaboration of Brahmin street indicates the ecological cultural change. In conclusion Barry Commoner's view is justified that everything is connected to everything. It shows the commitment to making connection. Nature is connected to environment. Environment is connected to human beings. Human beings are connected with non-human objects. It is like universal circular process of everything. Everything is connected to everything. This is a qualitative research on the basis of content analysis. It is a kind of library research done with the help of review of related literary (historical=past) research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines discourses about sexual risk and respectability in the South Indian city of Chennai, through an ethnographic study of young women's participation in practices of public sex. Focusing on middle-class women located at the heart of neoliberal and national fantasies of the 'good life', it makes two arguments. First: the paper unpacks the ways in which urban publics have been stigmatised as 'unsafe' for respectable women. It demonstrates that in practices of publicly-located sex, young women subvert this. They instead see private and commercial spaces – which have been celebrated as the locus of their liberation – as places of surveillance and discipline. Second: the paper interrogates how spatial governmentalities produce regimes of legitimacy that accrue to particular sexual acts. It argues that what 'counts' as sex is also determined geographically: by where the sex act occurs and what geographies of discipline and imaginaries of risk and respectability it evokes in its location. Both arguments draw attention to the ways in which contemporary discourses about the 'risk' of urban publics evoke the logics of development within which the construct of respectable femininity is located. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on families of Autism children's, Caregivers play a major role and caring for the individual of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children's in ideal circumstances, and it can be a stressful and high degree of disturbance in life. The purpose of this empirical research paper is to examine the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress of caregivers of autism children at three special schools in Chennai. The objectives of the paper are to describe the socio-demographic characteristic of the respondents to measure the level of depression, anxiety, andstress among respondents and to find out the statistically significant relationship/differencebetween selected socio-demographic Characteristic of Respondents and dependent variables. A descriptive research design has adopted. The universe of the paper consists of caregivers of autism children who are studying at three special schools in Chennai, there are about 150 Special children are studying in three special schools, out of these, 60 caregivers of autism children were selected as a sample by adopting simple random sampling using lottery method and a semi -structured questionnaire was prepared in order to understand the socio-demographic characteristic of the respondents along with DASS-42 items was used. The questionnaire method was adopted. The collected data has been analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. The study results are revealed in Section VI of Results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trafficking is an organized crime that violates basic human rights. Trafficking in persons is the control of one human being by another for the purpose of exploitation. "Although only a small percentage of trafficking victims go for rehabilitative facilities, or "shelters," these facilities can play a significant role in a comprehensive effort to address human trafficking" (USAID, 2005). The term "rehabilitation" means the process of helping a person to readapt to society or to restore someone to a former position or rank. Rehabilitation of the trafficked victim is often challenging and complex. It differs for each victim. Causes are to be revealed and treatments are to be individualized, hence, the treatment process not all times can be generalist, for the resilience level differs from person to person. And this is the reason, why rehabilitation is also referred to as "treatment."This paper highlights the rehabilitation process of the victims in the vigilance home, Chennai. This paper also suggests the holistic method of rehab process of rehabilitation and its significance in building the resilience of the rescued trafficked victims. In this article, the overarching aim is to consider the theoretical perspective of the holistic rehab model for survivors of sex trafficking. It further adds to how efficient the rehabilitation model can be in building the resilience and thereby smoothening the reintegration of victims back to their family and community. This article also explains the concept of environment modification as an essential component in the reintegration process. Hence this paper highlights some of the measures which need to be taken to ensure effective rehabilitation and reintegration of victims. It also points out that, without building the resilience of the individual, the rehabilitation efforts will have a limited impact on the victim and it may highly affect the reintegration process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic banking is the wave of the future. It delivers huge assistances to consumers in terms of the comfort and cost of transactions. But it also gives new trials for country establishments in modifiable and overseeing the financial scheme and in scheming and applying macroeconomic policy.Online merchants and customers alike expect easy, safe and effective buying and selling processes. New technologies are making that simpler and smoother. But user demands for additional payment features and options lead growth in multiple directions.The focus of this paper is on barriers and challenges in e-banking service sector in India. This paper makes a descriptive study about barriers and challenges in e-banking and tries to identify the factor that causes the problems and challenges. Based on various literature reviews key factors which causes the barriers and challenges were analysed. A survey was done among 100 respondents in and around Chennai city. The paper concludes that major factor which has huge impact and the factors were security issues, internet connectivity issues, internet speed issues, lack of awareness about internet usage, taking too much time to speak with the Telebanker, too much time to resolve the transaction, recharge through mobile phone and not successful, credit card not supported by service provider, takes long time for receiving OTP, card payment not supported, card not deducted by the device, incorrect amount deducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact of Global Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices on the efficiency of healthcare organizations in Chennai, India. The study reveals that GHRM practices significantly affect the efficiency of healthcare businesses in Chennai, despite potential conflicts with their core values. The research provides valuable insights for academics and researchers studying the impact of HRM practices on different industries, and offers practical guidance for healthcare organizations in Chennai and beyond. The study highlights the adaptability and relevance of GHRM in diverse sectors, including the healthcare industry. Additionally, the article discusses the concept of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and its application in healthcare entities in Chennai. GHRM aims to enhance an organization's environmental performance by promoting environmentally responsible behavior among employees. The study identifies various factors influencing GHRM implementation, such as environmental concern, organizational policies, competitive advantage, and societal contribution. The research methodology involves a survey of healthcare professionals in Chennai, and the results indicate positive correlations between the variables. The findings suggest that GHRM practices can have a significant impact on both economic outcomes and environmental sustainability. The article also addresses the challenges associated with implementing green HR management practices in businesses, emphasizing the importance of people and processes in ensuring success and the development of a green corporate culture. Despite available resources and environmentally friendly policies, there is still confusion about how to effectively implement green HRM practices. The article references various studies and research papers on related topics. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model which is one of machine learning (ML) algorithm is applied to distinguish between the four distinct Hermite Gaussian (HG) beams (HG00, HG01, HG02, and HG03) in mode division multiplexed (MDM)-free space optics (FSO) communication system. First, the performance of the FSO system using these different HG beams is investigated for rainy weather conditions in various Indian cities having distinct geographical locations. Transmission performance is evaluated in terms of quality (Q)-factor, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and eye diagrams. Then, the values of the BER for the different HG beams are applied to the KNN ML model as to classify between them. HG modes are used for capacity enhancement. Results indicate that 80 Gbps can be transmitted over 1000 m in Hyderabad, 800 m in Pune, 580 m in Chennai, and 475 m in Mumbai at log (BER) ~ 10 - 15 , Q-factor less than 8, and SNR ~ 10 dB. Additionally, the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) ML model shows 94% classification accuracy between four HG beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The More Than Human (MTH; Bang and Marin 2015) world is often considered passive and neutral, not implicated in meaning-making in science classrooms. Through this framing, learning spaces are considered the backdrop upon which learning occurs, where the goal of science teaching is to explain why or predict how science phenomena-assumed as static reproducible facts-occur. In this paper, I examine the MTH's role as deeply implicated in meaning-making in middle school science lessons. Set in a private rural school just outside Chennai—a large city in South India—the story I tell weaves together meaning-making around microbes in three different grade eight biology class sections with three different teachers. Through analysis of classroom interactions informed by Indigenous (Bang and Marin 2015) and feminist new materialist (Barad 2007) theories, I develop 'intra-action analysis' methods to trace unfolding meaning-making intra-actions across the three lessons, focusing on relations as the unit of analysis. In doing so, in each lesson I illustrate microbes as phenomena that were entangled with(in) human-MTH relations in the present, past, future and imagined space-times. Through this work I offer intra-action analysis as one way to 'see' how human-MTH entanglements shape meaning-making and school science phenomena. I argue for science educators to shift how we understand and study meaning-making intra-actions from a humanist perspective to recognizing the MTH world as in learning spaces. Future implications include educators shifting our focus from learning about a static 'other' to recognizing science learning as youth engaging in and with the MTH, examining the world in its' emergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What did science make possible for colonial rule? How was science in turn marked by the knowledge and practices of those under colonial rule? Here I approach these questions via the social history of Madras Observatory. Constructed in 1791 by the East India Company, the observatory was to provide local time to mariners and served as a clearinghouse for the company's survey and revenue administration. The astronomical work of Madras' Brahmin assistants relied upon their knowledge of jyotiśāstra [Sanskrit astronomy/astrology], and can be seen as a specialized form of the kind of South Indian scribal labor and knowledge that also staffed the company's tax offices. If at Greenwich the division of labor meant observatory work bore resemblances to the factory and the accounts office, in Madras, astronomy and accounting drew on similar labor forms because they were part of the same enterprise. But the company did not just adapt preexisting forms of labor, it also attempted to produce its own at a school built near the observatory to train "half-caste" orphans as apprentice surveyors and assistant computers. The school, staffed by the Brahmins, drew upon knowledge and pedagogical practice associated with the tinnai, the schools in which upper-caste children learned to read, write, and calculate. For a time, the observatory's social order was literally "half-caste." The paper also considers how the relationship between caste, status, and instrument was reflected in the visual and material culture of the observatory, such as in Indian-language inscriptions on its central pillar. For company astronomers, the measurement of time meant reworking the relationships among the Indian past, the colonial present, and an imperial posterity. Science under colonial rule spanned multiple temporal and social registers because it was the result of negotiations between the demands of political economy and the knowledge and practices of colonized others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Movement between ship and shore at the English East India Company port of Madras (modern Chennai) was mediated by local boatmen in locally designed and built masula boats from the founding of the city in 1639 through the end of the nineteenth century. Without the masulas and boatmen, Company officials had no alternative methods for landing cargo and passengers and as a result were fully dependent on the continued cooperation of the boatmen. Aware of their linchpin role in the continued operation of Madras as a trade hub, the boat people alternatively supplied and withheld their exclusive knowledge and skill in the surf zone as a means of increasing personal profit and in attempts to improve working conditions. This paper argues that the boatmen's periodic withholding of expertise and technology allowed the community to assert group agency and limited company control over the system of ship to shore movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher training in India has evolved from a circle system to normal schools and teacher training institutes/colleges. This progression was influenced by various events, debates and recommendations. With respect to the relevance of the teacher training institutions, ideas kept fluctuating, and several of the other adopted policy measures failed in the implementation phase. Initially, this led to the opening and closing of the normal schools, which later expanded into teacher training institutes/colleges. This paper attempts to present the historical developments in the field of teacher education around the axis of teacher training institutes, teachers' qualifications, the teacher training course curriculum, and the status of teachers. For this paper, the government reports and reviews published in the periods both prior and subsequent to Independence have been studied using a historical method. It reveals that, in spite of 100 years of effort dedicated to improving teacher education, the availability of trained women teachers is far lower than the demand for them in schools. Unlike before, admission to any teacher training course for primary teachers requires at least 10 years of general education, and secondary school teachers need a degree. Though over these years the salaries of teachers have increased substantially, the deteriorating status of teachers and the teaching profession has been a source of constant concern for educationists and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevailing water crisis and problem of climate change demand a review of the developmental activities conducted by State of Tamil Nadu. While ascertaining a system to address the crisis can be daunting, integrated approaches, such as those that use technology, are fundamental to identifying and evaluating options for sustainable solutions. This paper explores the water-climate nexus through the case study of Chennai, the capital city of the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Climate change has influenced the behaviour and patterns of floods, brought about incessant rain and led to a shift in the monsoons. In addition, changes to the climate have resulted in a shortage of drinking water in Chennai. There is a concomitant problem of a large and increasing population. These elements warrant a discourse on law, humans and technology. In Chennai, the indifference and denial of political leaders have resulted in failure, and unsustainable measures to address the water crisis have been implemented. The intervention of the Supreme Court of India relating to a mechanism to deal with a water-sharing arrangement between the states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka in the last few decades has been unsuccessful. None of the proposed solutions were based on incorporating technology, which is a major oversight. The resultant consequences of water use and the complex mix of social factors surrounding the vulnerable population are addressed in this paper. The effect of the water crisis on women and the agricultural workforce is illustrated to argue for greater and more imaginative governmental intervention. The paper concludes with a discussion of the need for a holistic approach to climate change and the ongoing water crisis that invites better interventions, particularly in terms of technology, to address the crisis and avoid a situation in which groundwater will be critically degraded by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The typification of names validated in a paper of 1803 concerning the plants encountered on a journey through what is now Tamil Nadu in southern India is reviewed. A number of name changes are necessitated. Psilotrichum patulum becomes the correct name for P. elliotii, Euphorbia glaucescens is the correct name for E. corrigioloides, Oldenlandia pusilla is the correct name for O. attenuata and Kohautia attenuata is the correct name for K. aspera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is presenting the current scenario of business liquidity and financial crisis in Indian Business Perspective at Chennai City during the COVID19.The authors have in sight on few aspects related to business, financial crisis of the world economy on before, during and after. Such as economic recessions can be rebuild with the existence of Liquidity crisis, Shadow banks, Capital and Liquidity, Information and bank liquidity, Measuring liquidity of crisis in market, Market strain at the time of COVID -19 crisis poses threat to financial stability and the role of social quarantine. The main objective of this study is to identify the problem faced by the Industries due to the financial crisis faced by them during the period of COVID– 19.The research design used in this study will be empirical analysis and descriptive analysis in nature. Questionnaire will be drafted to collect the primary data which will help the research to collect the required information from the public. Purposivesamplingtechniquewithasampleof120respondentswillbeusedinthisstudy.The findings and suggestions will be applicable for the COVID – 19 scenariosonly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: Children can play an active and valuable role to minimise disaster risks and vulnerabilities. Yet, peer-reviewed literature on child participation in Disaster Resilience Education (DRE) is lacking. This knowledge gap is larger in low- and middle-income countries, especially related to vulnerable communities. The current study explores how child participation in developing and delivering a DRE intervention is associated with their mental well-being and resilience. Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative study is part of a larger project where a DRE intervention was co-developed and delivered by children in the informal settlements in Chennai, India, using a participatory approach. This project used qualitative methods including interviews and focus group discussions with children who co-developed the intervention, their parents and staff members of the collaborating Non-Government Organisation (NGO) to understand their experiences and inform its processes. Findings: The children involved in the development and delivery of the intervention reported that not only did they learn the skills necessary to prepare for hazards in the future, it also increased their confidence, self-worth and self-efficacy. This was also observed by parents and staff members of the collaborating NGO. They expressed pride towards the children and applauded their ability to communicate key Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) messages with assertiveness. Research limitations/implications: There is a dearth of empirical papers on child participation in DRR activities, and this study fills some of that gap by reporting the perceived impact of children's participation on their mental well-being and resilience. Furthermore, this study can act as a roadmap for researchers aiming to do action research with children. Practical implications: DRR is more effective when all stakeholders, especially the affected and at-risk children, and communities are closely involved in structuring, planning, developing and delivering key disaster preparedness messages. This study serves to show that children's participation in DRR activities not only impacts their preparedness but that it helps children in disaster recovery as well, in addition to building their resilience and overall improvement in their mental well-being. Social implications: Given the participatory nature of this study, it involves children closely in the development and delivery of DRE intervention. The communities involved in this study had complex vulnerabilities including poverty, marginalisation and based in a low-and-middle income country, India. Oftentimes, these communities are not represented in scientific literature, and this study attempts to bridge that gap. Originality/value: This study presents a multi-stakeholder perspective on child participation in its potential impact on children's mental well-being and resilience. The DRE intervention was co-developed and delivered by children in the community making it unique in its development process as well as the context it was developed in – informal settlements in Chennai, India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Economic Operation and Planning (EOP) methodologies of power systems, specifically by implementing an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) optimization method in the Chennai Utility Bus System. Many traditional approaches to optimize power generation and planning are inherently limited and many of these limitations can be overcome by the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Herein, we have used the AI powered optimization algorithms such as Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) to increase the efficiency in economical ranking and also grid planning. Implementation of AI techniques in Chennai utility bus system and also evaluating it in real time using Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization, Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm, Newton Raphson method and their results are compared. These AI-based methods aim to reduce operation costs, minimize power loss and improve voltage stability as well as minimizing deviation of voltages in order to increase the efficiency. Future work will expand the use of these techniques to more intricate systems, such as the Indian utility 146-bus system to validate their effectiveness, in real world applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integration of phase change material (PCM) in walls and roof of a building is done to augment human comfort at places where variation of local diurnal temperature of ambient air is extensive. An exhaustive tool to study on year-round thermal effect due to solar radiation falling on a building is generally required to identify the correct PCM and the portion of a year that warrants better thermal management. The transient behavior associated with PCM heat transfer through building roof and walls vary in accordance with location and orientation of the building and the prevailing seasons. Hence, it becomes necessary to carry out a detailed analysis with the integration of PCM layers and to collect information with suitable theoretical approach as experimental study on energy performance of a building is time-consuming and expensive. In this paper, a 3-D building model has been developed and analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT for performing CFD analysis for comparing two identical buildings with and without PCM located at Chennai. The PCM was integrated in roof and walls of the building and analysis was carried out for different days of the year. A novel concept of PCM effectiveness index is introduced to measure the thermal performance due to PCM integration in building. This novel concept is useful for building engineers to measure the effectiveness of PCM integration and to select the correct PCM for thermal management in buildings at any location and time of the year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brief Background: Successful rehabilitation of edentulous individuals begins from selection of artificial teeth in accordance with the patient's original tooth form. Various criteria such as the pre-extraction records, anatomical landmarks, anthropological base and certain theories comparing the form of the face, exist for harmonious selection of tooth form but none is accepted universally. The patterns of dermal ridges on palms and soles are formed during the 6th week of intra-uterine period of life that is constant and unique to every individual. Since tooth germ also start developing at the same time, it is believed that the similar genetic factors may be involved in formation of dental arches, tooth form and dermal patterns. This study was conducted to correlate the association between tooth forms and dermatoglyphic patterns. Specific dermal characteristics exist in individuals with specific tooth forms. Dermatoglyphic assessment of long-standing edentulous subjects may help identify the patients pre-existing tooth form and thus aid in proper tooth selection. Materials and Methods: This study was done in the Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, 90 patients between the age group of 18-30 years, were selected randomly within a span of 6 months following a simple random sampling technique. The materials used in this study were basic diagnostic kit (mouth mirror and probe), duplicating ink, gauze pads, A4 size paper, magnifying glass, DSLR camera (Canon, EOS 1500D). Method: The sample consisted of 90 randomly selected patients, within the age group ranging from 18 to 30 years. The fingerprint patterns of the study subjects were recorded with a rolling impression technique and the tooth form was assessed from the photograph of the tooth. The fingerprint patterns for each digit were analysed and correlated with tooth form. Summary and Conclusions: Dermatoglyphic analysis can be used as a reliable tool for identifying original tooth form in edentulous patients at an early stage, thereby aiming to establish function and aesthetics for edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: This study was done in the Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, 90 patients between the age group of 18-30 years, were selected randomly within a span of 6 months following a simple random sampling technique. The materials used in this study were basic diagnostic kit (mouth mirror and probe), duplicating ink, gauze pads, A4 size paper, magnifying glass, DSLR camera (Canon, EOS 1500D). Method: The sample consisted of 90 randomly selected patients, within the age group ranging from 18 to 30 years. The fingerprint patterns of the study subjects were recorded with a rolling impression technique and the tooth form was assessed from the photograph of the tooth. The fingerprint patterns for each digit were analysed and correlated with tooth form. Summary and Conclusions: Dermatoglyphic analysis can be used as a reliable tool for identifying original tooth form in edentulous patients at an early stage, thereby aiming to establish function and aesthetics for edentulous patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel free space optics (FSO) communication system based on integration of two different multiplexing techniques i.e., orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing and optical code division multiple access (OCDMA), are proposed in this paper for enhancing the transmission capacity. Four distinct OAM beams are used; each transporting 10 Gbps information of three different OCDMA channels. These channels are assigned with diagonal permutation shift (DPS) code. Various atmospheric conditions are considered in evaluating the performance of our suggested design in FSO communication system. These weather conditions are snowy and dusty in addition to the average intensity rainfall rates in Saudi Arabia cities (Riyadh and Jeddah) and Indian cities (Hyderabad, Pune, Chennai, and Mumbai). Received optical power (ROP), Quality (Q) factor, maximum FSO link range, and eye diagrams are used for evaluating the performance. The simulation results show successful transmission of 4 OAM × 3 OCDMA channels × 10 Gbps = 120 Gbps overall capacity with good ROP, Q-factor, and BER values. The maximum FSO link range achieved is 600 m under wet snow (WS), 140 m under dry snow (DS), and 400, 132, and 52 m, respectively, under low dust (LD), medium dust (MD), and heavy dust (HD) storms. Consequently, this proposed FSO transmission model is suggested to be used as high-speed connectivity for end users in adverse weather conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]