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In this paper, an experimental rig of a prefabricated temporary house (PTH) was first established. Then, predicted models for the thermal environment of the PTH with and without considering long-wave radiation were developed. Next, the exterior-surface, interior-surface and indoor temperatures of the PTH were calculated by using the predicted models. The calculated results were then compared with the experimental results to study the influence of long-wave radiation on the predicted characteristic temperature of the PTH. Finally, the predicted models were used to calculate the cumulative annual hours and the intensity of the greenhouse effect of four different climate cities (Harbin, Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, China). The results showed that: (1) the predicted temperature values of the model considering long-wave radiation were closer to the experimental results; (2) the effect level of the long-wave radiation on the three characteristic temperatures of the PTH from big to small was: exterior-surface temperature, interior-surface temperature, and indoor temperature; (3) the long-wave radiation had the greatest impact on the predicted temperature value of the roof; (4) under different climate conditions, the cumulative annual hours and the intensity of the greenhouse effect considering long-wave radiation were smaller than those without considering long-wave radiation; (5) the duration of the greenhouse effect considering and ignoring long-wave radiation varied significantly with the climate region, and that in Guangzhou was the longest, followed by Beijing and Chengdu, and that in Harbin was the shortest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]