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New material of the Mio-Pliocene colobine Mesopithecus from the Turolian locality of Kryopigi (Greece) is described here. It includes a complete skull with the atlas attached and other dental and postcranial elements representing at least five individuals (four males and one female). The material is compared with Mesopithecus delsoni , Mesopithecus pentelicus , Mesopithecus monspessulanus and intermediate forms from more than a dozen Turolian localities of the Greco-Iranian province. These comparisons support the attribution of the Kryopigi material to M. pentelicus . The chronostratigraphic distribution of Mesopithecus species and intermediate forms suggests that the Kryopigi fauna could be dated as younger than the Perivolaki locality with M. delsoni/pentelicus (7.1–7.3 Ma, MN12) and older than the Dytiko localities with M. aff. pentelicus , M. cf. pentelicus and M. cf. monspessulanus (?middle MN13). The dimensions of the atlas are within the distribution of extant colobines. The skull shows bite-marks, probably caused by the hyaena Adcrocuta eximia . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new hipparion species,Hipparion phlegrae, sp. nov., is described on the basis of both morphological characters and metrical data as a member ofHipparions.s. It is compared withH. dietrichi,H. prostylum, and similar forms of the Greco-Iranian province. The age of the Kryopigi fauna is discussed as Turolian on the basis of the hipparion assemblage, whereas the coexistence of a smallCremohipparionreferred here asC. matthewi/nikosiindicates thatH. phlegrae, sp. nov., is probably a derived species in respect toH. prostylum. The decreased size of theH. phlegraeand the short and wide muzzle are discussed forHipparions.s. during the Turolian period. Phylogenetic relationships of the new species and related taxa are reconstructed and also considered. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free atwww.tandfonline.com/UJVP [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]