1. Adulteration and cultivation region identification of American ginseng using HPLC coupled with multivariate analysis.
- Author
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Yu C, Wang CZ, Zhou CJ, Wang B, Han L, Zhang CF, Wu XH, and Yuan CS
- Subjects
- Calibration, Canada, China, Discriminant Analysis, Multivariate Analysis, Plant Extracts standards, Plant Roots chemistry, Plant Roots growth & development, Principal Component Analysis, Reference Standards, Saponins analysis, Species Specificity, United States, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Drug Contamination, Panax chemistry, Panax growth & development, Plant Extracts analysis, Plants, Medicinal
- Abstract
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is originally grown in North America. Due to price difference and supply shortage, American ginseng recently has been cultivated in northern China. Further, in the market, some Asian ginsengs are labeled as American ginseng. In this study, forty-three American ginseng samples cultivated in the USA, Canada or China were collected and 14 ginseng saponins were determined using HPLC. HPLC coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis was developed to identify the species. Subsequently, an HPLC-linear discriminant analysis was established to discriminate cultivation regions of American ginseng. This method was successfully applied to identify the sources of 6 commercial American ginseng samples. Two of them were identified as Asian ginseng, while 4 others were identified as American ginseng, which were cultivated in the USA (3) and China (1). Our newly developed method can be used to identify American ginseng with different cultivation regions., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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