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Two recurring themes of the Qur'ān are ṣalāt and zakāt. Ṣalāt, ritual prayer, symbolizes the vertical relationship of humans to God while zakāt, general charity, symbolizes horizontal interpersonal relationships. The horizontal human-to-human relationship places the tradition of charity at the center of a Muslim's personal and communal life. This paper focuses on charitable activities as they pertain to the Shī'a Ithnā-'Ashari Muslim community of Canada. It took Canadian Muslims (including the Shī'a Muslims) some time to plant their roots as a community in this new land but once they were settled, the human and Islamic impulse moved them to contribute to the well-being of society at large. The sense of gratitude toward Canada and the spirit of charitable giving ingrained in their Islamic values encouraged the Shī'a Muslims to help not only their fellow Muslims but also the less fortunate members of society regardless of race or religion. Although humanitarian causes in third world countries have strong appeal among the children and grandchildren of Muslim immigrants and they indeed give in big numbers, they have not been oblivious to the local needs of society. Using the concept of ṣadaqah, rather than the technical zakat, which is limited in its application among Shī'a Muslims in Canada, the community has participated in various charitable causes beyond the bounds of its own religious members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the increase in formal and informal expectations for research by Canadian librarians, there have been few—if any—Canada-wide initiatives to help support librarians in meeting research expectations. Moreover, there have been few opportunities to address academic librarians' needs and Canadian librarian research culture in any systematic way, especially on a national scale. As a way of redressing these absences and filling this need, a four-day nation-wide institute was proposed and conducted in order to bring together Canadian librarians interested in developing their own research programs and working toward fostering a positive and productive research culture in Canadian academic libraries. This article describes the principles informing the institute's development and locates the institute's objectives within discussions of research culture, mentorship, and strengths-based approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The criminalization of HIV nondisclosure is reshaping the landscape of support and care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Focusing on Canada, this article examines how criminalization is reshaping the relationships between frontline AIDS Service Organization (ASO) workers and their HIV-positive service users. Using data gleaned through semi-structured interviews with N = 62 frontline ASO staff members across Canada that were coded using thematic analysis, we describe how ASO workers are rethinking and altering their notetaking practices in light of fears about criminalization and how their charts may be used by legal actors. Specifically, we identified three main themes. First, awareness that their notes can be subpoenaed and used against their clients in criminal proceedings is leading ASO staff to keep less detailed records of their conversations with PLWHA, although there were variations by the type of position held. Participants with professional obligations (doctors, nurses, social workers) reported that they continue to keep more detailed charting records than other frontline ASO staff (peer counselors, educators, etc.). Second, participants acknowledged that criminalization threatens the trust dynamic in the therapeutic relationship and that by taking less detailed notes they risk the quality of care provided. Third, we found that evolving knowledge about risk and responsibility in light of criminalization is impacting the type of counsel ASO workers offer to PLWHA regarding how to document disclosure. The article concludes by reflecting on the challenges associated with navigating the "medico-legal borderland", as ASO staff balance their commitments to serving PLWHA with the realities created by the harsh climate of criminalization. Greater political attention should be paid to the risks that criminalization poses to frontline HIV support work and efforts to support PLWHA, who already face significant stigma, without the additional stigma of the criminal label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Widespread varicella vaccination in Canada since 2007 has changed the epidemiology of chickenpox, with a significant decline in varicella-related hospitalizations. However, there will always be a varicella-susceptible population because of immune-compromising treatments or conditions and/or parental vaccine refusal. This document updates and replaces a 1999 statement by the Canadian Paediatric Society. The CPS position on school and child care exclusion policies has not changed since the original statement, but because there have been two published reports of varicella outbreaks associated with summer camp attendance since 1999, this revision provides additional recommendations to mitigate risk for varicella transmission at summer camps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does one measure 'goodness' when all ethical choices lead to evil outcomes? To answer this question, this essay uses Martha Nussbaum's fragility of goodness, critical race theory, and data from a SSHRC-funded study, in which we critically examine the parenting experiences of Black families in Canada. Findings suggest how racist ideas in Canada function as "colorblind" laws and policies that affect the everyday lives of Black people including their parenting practices. Our study calls on child welfare services in Canada to develop a comprehensive understanding of Black parenting practices, perhaps enabling more Black children to remain home safely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a summary of the proceedings from the second Bladder Cancer Canada-Canadian Urological Association-Canadian Urologic Oncology Group (BCC-CUA-CUOG) bladder cancer quality of care consensus meeting in 2016. Topics discussed include unmet needs in bladder cancer, quality indicators in bladder cancer care in Canada, and update on the Canadian Bladder Cancer Information System (CBCIS).

Objectives While there is wide support for patient engagement in health technology assessment, determining what constitutes meaningful (as opposed to tokenistic) engagement is complex. This paper explores reviewer and payer perceptions of what constitutes meaningful patient engagement in the Pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review process. Methods Qualitative interview study comprising 24 semi-structured telephone interviews. A qualitative descriptive approach, employing the technique of constant comparison, was used to produce a thematic analysis. Results Submissions from patient advocacy groups were seen as meaningful when they provided information unavailable from other sources. This included information not collected in clinical trials, information relevant to clinical trade-offs and information about aspects of lived experience such as geographic differences and patient and carer priorities. In contrast, patient submissions that relied on emotional appeals or lacked transparency about their own methods were seen as detracting from the meaningfulness of patient engagement by conflating health technology assessment with other functions of patient advocacy groups such as fundraising or public awareness campaigns, and by failing to provide credible information relevant to deliberations. Conclusions This study suggests that misalignment of stakeholder expectations remains an issue even for a well-regarded health technology assessment process that has promoted patient engagement since its inception. Support for the technical capacity of patient groups to participate in health technology assessment is necessary but not sufficient to address this issue fully. There is a fundamental tension between the evidence-based nature of health technology assessment and the experientially oriented culture of patient advocacy. Divergent notions of what constitutes evidence and how it should be used must also be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of participating in the American-British-Canadian (ABC) Traveling Fellowship and visiting Great Britain and South Africa with other surgeons.

This paper has been substantially revised by the Canadian Psychiatric Association's Research Committee and approved for republication by the CPA's Board of Directors on May 3, 2017. The original policy paper1 was developed by the Scientific and Research Affairs Standing Committee and approved by the Board of Directors on November 10, 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This position paper has been substantially revised by the Canadian Psychiatric Association's Professional Standards and Practice Committee and approved for republication by the CPA's Board of Directors on August 31, 2016. The original position paper1 was developed by the Professional Standards and Practice Council and approved by the Board of Directors on April 9, 1994. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify barrier to achieving universal access to high quality palliative care in Canada, review published national strategies and frameworks to promote palliative care, examine key aspects that have been linked to successful outcomes, and make recommendations for Canada. Background: In 2014, the World Health Organization called on members to develop and implement policies to ensure palliative care is integrated into national health services. Methods: Rapid review supplemented by the author's personal files, outreach to colleagues within the international palliative care community, review of European Association for Palliative Care publications, and a subsequent search of the table of contents of the major palliative care journals. Results: Frameworks were found for 10 countries ranging from detailed and comprehensive multi-year strategies to more general approaches including laws guaranteeing access to palliative care services for 'dying' patients or recommendations for the development of clinical infrastructure. Few formal evaluations were found minimal comparative data exist regarding the quality of care, access to palliative care services, timing of access in the disease trajectory, and patient and family satisfaction with care. Factors that appear to be associated with success include: 1) input and early involvement of senior policy makers; 2) comprehensive strategies that address major barriers to universal access and that involve the key constituents; 3) a focus on enhancing the evidence base and developing a national system of quality reporting; and 4) substantial and sustained government investment. Discussion: Comprehensive national strategies appear to improve access to high quality palliative care for persons with serious illness and their families. Such strategies require sustained government funding and address barriers related to infrastructure, professional and public education, workforce shortages, and an inadequate evidence base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some researchers suggest that police professionals see little value in adopting evidence based approaches to tackle policing challenges. To examine this issue, 586 Canadian police professionals were surveyed. We explore responses to one particular question, which caused 353 respondents to reflect on whether they think their agencies enact evidence based policing (EBP) principles in daily operations; specifically, the principles of targeting, testing, and tracking the implementation of new policing strategies. Mixed views were expressed by respondents in relation to their agency’s ability to target high priority policing problems and to test strategies for fixing these problems. However, views were overwhelmingly negative when respondents reflected on how well they thought their agencies track the effectiveness of strategies over time. If these views accurately describe how agencies target, test, and track the implementation of policing strategies, they underline potential challenges associated with the adoption of EBP in Canadian police organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article will present qualitative research findings on the impact of service system transformation on three children’s mental health and child welfare agencies in Ontario, Canada. A multiple-case study, multimethod design, and thematic data analysis were used with 41 directors and supervisors. Competing ministry directives that leaders faced (lead agency competition, rising accountability, cross-sector collaboration, innovation, service excellence), and continuous funding constraints are linked with organizational impacts (competing values, changing identity and roles, complex data collection, diminished community collaboration, reduced resources, and viability). Leaders’ strategic adaptations to these external pressures are discussed along with future practice and research implications. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Building information modeling (BIM) is emerging as a potential solution for facility owners to address the challenges of poor information fidelity, interoperability, and usability in project delivery to support the lifecycle of their assets' information. Despite the many benefits offered by BIM, its use for facility operations remains significantly limited. The reality is that implementing BIM in large owner organisations is a complex challenge. In particular, a significant barrier to BIM adoption for owners is the challenge of identifying and formalizing the information requirements needed to support model-based project delivery and asset management. This paper presents the results of a longitudinal research project that investigated two large owner organisations in Canada to better understand the process of developing and formulating BIM requirements to support the lifecycle of their assets. Specifically, the objectives were to formalize an iterative approach to the identification and characterization of owner requirements and to develop a conceptual framework that would relate digital and physical products to owner requirements and organisational constructs, to underpin the formalization process. As part of this research an array of requirements documentation were analysed, interviews were performed with numerous facility management personnel, and BIMs from four projects were analysed. A methodology is introduced to support a rigorous and detailed analysis of BIM requirements. The investigation of the owner requirements helped to develop an understanding of the required information content, and its alignment with BIM. Finally the relationships between organisational constructs, owner requirements, and BIM were mapped. As the construction industry shifts towards model-based project delivery, this research will inform owners about how to think about handover of digital facility models, and what to require in models based on their specific needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Counselling couples facing the birth of an extremely preterm infant is a complex and delicate task, entailing both challenges and opportunities. This revised position statement proposes using a prognosis-based approach that takes the best estimate of gestational age into account, along with additional factors, including estimated fetal weight, receipt of antenatal corticosteroids, singleton versus multiple pregnancy, fetal status and anomalies on ultrasound and place of birth. This statement updates data on survival in Canada, long-term neurodevelopmental disability at school age and quality of life, with focus on strategies to communicate effectively with parents. It also proposes a framework for determining the prognosis-based management option(s) to present to parents when initiating the decision-making process. This statement replaces the 2012 position statement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opinions abound regarding how to best approach anticipated extremely preterm birth. No unified approach presently exists in Canada. In the process of updating the Canadian Paediatric Society statement on 'Counselling and management for anticipated extremely preterm birth', there was recognition of the need for a novel methodology in its development and a primary focus on enhancing the involvement of parents in the generation of a care plan for their infant. The development process involved a national consultation with health care providers and parents from across the country, with much of the feedback provided through the use of validated guideline appraisal tools. Future Canadian Paediatric Society statements may benefit from applying components of this new development process during their creation. Dedication to shared decision making and best practices in communication highlighted the importance of parental involvement in the decision-making process, particularly given the cultural and social diversity in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors recount the beginnings of the interest for psychoanalysis in Canada, the context of the foundations of the Canadian Psychoanalytic Society and of its Institute, the linguistic and geographical reasons for the creation of its first branches and their later expansion, the journals and some authors and the training models, and conclude with an overview of the psychoanalytically oriented external groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The travelling and appropriation of queer theory by francophone feminists in Quebec have been particularly long and arduous, prompting an inquiry into not only the reasons for this delay, but also into the elements that ultimately allowed for an integration of queer theory among francophone feminists. Combining tools from social movement literature on diffusion (brokerage, frames, repertoire of contention, etc.) and a political theory approach, this article divides the integration of queer theory among francophone feminists into two moments. In the first instance, activists and academic feminists have generally received queer theory with considerable criticism, which we have regrouped into 3 axes: 1) the deconstruction of women and lesbians as political subjects; 2) the investment in the symbolic aspects of politics, to the detriment of material relations and structures of power, and 3) the erasure of lesbian specificity and the absence of male privilege examination. In the second moment, the work of the Pink Panthers–a radical queer group–allows for frame bridging and the use of a recognisable repertoire of collective action to address two out of the three axes of criticism. This article suggests that the process of brokerage creates a crack in the wall of resistance that will quickly become a space for the insertion and integration, even if still conflictual, of queer theory into francophone feminism. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article draws on commentary and articles published in the Canadian Wheelman's Association's (CWA) journal-- The Canadian Wheelman --during its fi rst four years (1883-87), as this group of elite young men developed a distinctive Anglo-Canadian cycling identity in the face of pressure from their US counterparts to become a subordinate state division of the larger US Wheelmen organization. The League of American Wheelmen proposed the absorption of the CWA as a fi tting termination. In a small way, this episode exemplifies American attitudes toward Canada at a time of rapid American expansion and Canadian resistance to that project. Events indicate the emergence among Canadian wheelmen of a distinctive national identity that retained close allegiance to British cycling culture, adapted to the long winters by engaging in complementary winter sports, took pleasure in boisterous club gatherings, rode with enthusiasm during the cycling season, and ultimately defied geopolitical pressure to be absorbed into the American system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suggested article analyzes genesis, typology and organizational principles of Ukrainian women's movement in Canada during the first and the second waves of immigration.It has been stated that Ukrainian women's movement absorbed experience of public and political activity of women of Eastern Galychyna at the end of 19th till the middle of 20th century, as among its activists there were many representatives of those who worked in women's organizations of the counry. Moreover, the need to protect their own rights, existence under the threat of assimilation ,the necessity of successful socio-economic integration in polyethnic Canadian society lead to the unity of Ukrainian women in Canada and further solution of their burning problems . The article emphasizes the process of creating Ukrainian women's organizations, their role in social ,political, cultural and educational activities of the Ukraininan community. It has been noted that the formation of the first Ukrainian women's organizations took place on the basis of political parties and powerful religious confessions.The main outcomes of the research are as follows. During the researched period Ukrainian women's organizations formed their own structure, strengthened institutionally and the number of their members greatly increased. Being organized by the principle of multileveled hierarchy and in accordance with their own statute, Ukrainian women's organizations created effective multileveled structure In the first decade of 20th century. Ukrainian women were greatly involved in public and political life of Canada. Consolidation of organized Ukrainian women resulted in formation of women's organizations and societies which represented predominant organizational tendencies of women's movement such as liberal, conservative and socialist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young bisexual women experience worse mental and sexual health outcomes in comparison to their heterosexual and lesbian peers. These disparities are associated with stigma and devaluation of bisexual identities. The current paper addresses a community-based focus group project in which participants discussed bisexual stigma in regard to bisexual erasure and other stereotypes. Specifically, participants detailed experiences of feeling pressured to provide evidence of their bisexual identity, modifying their relationship or sexual behavior to conform to these expectations, as well as feeling excluded from queer community. Further, participants discussed how these experiences were related to decreased mental and sexual health. Future research should further investigate the relationship between bisexual stigma, pressure to provide evidence of bisexual identity, and negative mental and sexual health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In 1978 the Canadian Chiropractic Association recognized the need to establish an organization that would prepare chiropractors to treat athletic injuries and promote these services to sports organizations. Dr. Adrian Grice approached three chiropractors to establish such an organization. The Canadian Chiropractic Sports Academy (CCSA) was established in 1978. This was the start of the chiropractic sports movement which has seen chiropractors playing prominent roles as team doctors to professional and amateur teams and athletes and in the delivery of care at major national and international competitions. This paper will show the work done by the original founders of the CCS A which has helped to pave the way to the present level of acceptance of chiropractic sports injury management and performance enhancement and as the progenitor of the Royal College of Chiropractic Sports Sciences Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the author's insights regarding the ACK Lab which aims to make the yearly writing intensive "Colony" of the Playwrights' Theatre Centre (PTC) in Vancouver, British Columbia more accessible to persons with self-identified disabilities. The author mentions that the ACK Lab was developed in partnership by Heidi Taylor, artistic and executive director of PTC and funded by the Bly Capacity grant and Canada Council Leadership for Change grant.

Objective: Most health professions recognize the value of evidence-based practice (EBP), yet the uptake of EBP across most health disciplines has been suboptimal. To improve EBP uptake, it is important to first understand the many dimensions that affect EBP use. The Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization SurvEy (EBASE) was designed to measure the attitudes, skills, and use of EBP among practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM); however, the dimensionality of the instrument is not well understood. The aim of the current research was to examine the psychometric properties of the attitudes, skills, and use subscales of EBASE. Design: This was a secondary analysis of data obtained from the administration of EBASE. Data were examined using principal components analyses and confirmatory methods. Internal consistency reliabilities of resultant subscales were also computed. Participants: 1314 U.S. chiropractors and 554 Canadian chiropractors. Results: A unidimensional structure best fit the attitudes and use subscales. Skills subscale items were best represented by subscales with a multidimensional structure. Specifically, the skills construct was best modeled with three dimensions (identification of the research question, locating research, and application of EBP). All subscales had acceptable internal consistency reliability estimates. Conclusions: The findings support the modification of the scoring guidelines for the original EBASE. These changes are likely to result in a more accurate measure of EBP attitudes, skills, and use among chiropractors, and possibly CAM providers more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this jurisdictional review is to provide summary information pertaining to the regulation of chiropractors in Canadian provinces and territories on the topic of informed consent. Our review shows that two provinces have legislated for all healthcare professions: Ontario and Prince Edward Island. Two chiropractic regulatory bodies (New Brunswick and, Newfoundland and Labrador) have adopted the Canadian Chiropractic Association Code of Conduct. All chiropractic regulatory bodies of the other provinces and Yukon have adopted their own specific dispositions regarding informed consent. Chiropractors in Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan and Québec must obtain informed consent in writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Training future clinician-researchers remains a challenge faced by Canadian psychiatry departments. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of residents interested in pursuing research and other career options as part of their practice, and to identify the factors associated with interest in research.Method: Data from a national online survey of 207 Canadian psychiatry residents from a total of 853 (24.3% response rate) were examined. The main outcome was interest in research as part of residents' future psychiatrist practice. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify demographic and vocational variables associated with research interest.Results: Interest in research decreases by 76% between the first and fifth year of psychiatry residency (OR 0.76 per year, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.97). Training in a department with a residency research track did not correlate with increased research interest (χ2 = 0.007, df = 1, P = 0.93).Conclusions: Exposing and engaging psychiatry residents in research as early as possible in residency training appears key to promoting future research interest. Psychiatry residency programs and research tracks could consider emphasizing research training initiatives and protected research time early in residency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canadian Pediatric Surgery Network (CAPSNet) was created in 2005 by a geographically representative, multidisciplinary group of clinicians and researchers with the intent of establishing a national research registry for gastroschisis (GS) and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Since then, CAPSNet has used this registry and its 16-center network to make contributions to the knowledge base informing best practices for GS and CDH care. More recently, CAPSNet has expanded its focus to include quality assurance and improvement at each of its sites, by issuing a benchmarked outcomes "report card" with its annual report. Finally, a major objective of CAPSNet has been to establish and adopt standardized, evidence-based practice guidelines for GS and CDH across all Canadian perinatal centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma often starts before six years of age. However, there remains uncertainty as to when and how a preschool-age child with symptoms suggestive of asthma can be diagnosed with this condition. This delays treatment and contributes to both short- and long-term morbidity. Members of the Canadian Thoracic Society Asthma Clinical Assembly partnered with the Canadian Paediatric Society to develop a joint working group with the mandate to develop a position paper on the diagnosis and management of asthma in preschoolers. In the absence of lung function tests, the diagnosis of asthma should be considered in children one to five years of age with frequent (≥8 days/month) asthma-like symptoms or recurrent (≥2) exacerbations (episodes with asthma-like signs). The diagnosis requires the objective document of signs or convincing parent-reported symptoms of airflow obstruction (improvement in these signs or symptoms with asthma therapy), and no clinical suspicion of an alternative diagnosis. The characteristic feature of airflow obstruction is wheezing, commonly accompanied by difficulty breathing and cough. Reversibility with asthma medications is defined as direct observation of improvement with short-acting ß2-agonists (SABA) (with or without oral corticosteroids) by a trained health care practitioner during an acute exacerbation (preferred method). However, in children with no wheezing (or other signs of airflow obstruction) on presentation, reversibility may be determined by convincing parental report of a symptomatic response to a three-month therapeutic trial of a medium dose of inhaled corticosteroids with as-needed SABA (alternative method), or as-needed SABA alone (weaker alternative method). The authors provide key messages regarding in whom to consider the diagnosis, terms to be abandoned, when to refer to an asthma specialist and the initial management strategy. Finally, dissemination plans and priority areas for research are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing affects the health of children and youth. One- third of households in Canada live in substandard conditions or in housing need. The present statement reviews the literature documenting the impacts of housing on personal health and the health care system. Types of housing need are defined, including unsuitable or crowded housing, unaffordable housing and inadequate housing, or housing in need of major repairs. The health effects of each type of housing need, as well as of unsafe neighbourhoods, infestations and other environmental exposures are outlined. Paediatricians and other physicians caring for children need to understand the housing status of patients to fully determine their health issues and ability to access and engage in health care. Recommendations and sample tools to assess and address housing need at the patient, family, community and policy levels are described. Canada is the only G8 country without a national housing strategy. Recommendations also include advocating for enhanced action at all levels of government and for housing-supportive policies, including a national housing strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces the anniversary of Canadian Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) and its collaboration with the U.S. Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP).

This paper discusses the coverage given to Ukrainian Canadian topics in two Alberta newspapers, the Edmonton Journal and the Edmonton Bulletin, during the World War II years. Examples of the subjects included in the essay are Ukrainian Canadian participation in the war effort through enlistments in the Canadian armed forces and other ways, the banning of the Ukrainian Labour-Farmer Temple Association, the formation of the Ukrainian Canadian Committee, the raising of the matter of Ukrainian independence, and the Canadian conscription plebiscite of 27 April 1942. The two newspapers published in the provincial capital accorded significant attention to Ukrainian Canadian issues, a coverage that was paralleled by the many stories that related to Ukraine, a major battleground in the war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the Vanier Medal distributed by the Institute of Public Administration of Canada annually. Brief description on the nomination procedure of the medal winner is also given. It further lists its recipients which include Gordon Osbaldeston, Carmen Moir and Donald J. Savoie.

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) Neonatal Task Force reviews available resuscitation science every 5 years and develops guidelines which are integrated into educational programs such as the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). The most recent ILCOR Neonatal Task Force consensus guidelines were published in October 2015. The Canadian Paediatric Society's NRP Steering Committee has reviewed ILCOR guidelines alongside the 7th edition (2016) NRP materials. Using a case-based approach, this practice point highlights the main changes relating to the delivery of NRP, within the Canadian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the emergence and development of mental hygiene professional organizations in Canada and the US by analyzing discursive differences in the publications of two sister committees: the National Committee for Mental Hygiene and the Canadian National Committee for Mental Hygiene. The analysis finds that while mental hygiene in North America initially emerged as a single, shared continental professional discourse, the two movements diverged in critical ways for reasons directly related to their institutional contexts and donor bases. Even as US popular and political discourse veered towards eugenic policies, the US mental hygiene discourse shifted sharply away from eugenics. In contrast, in Canada, mental hygiene publications focused increasingly on the moral dangers of Canada’s immigrant population and played a role in producing scientific legitimacy for eugenic policies. This analysis suggests that the different trajectories of the two professional communities have their origins in organizations’ membership and donor bases, not broader differences in national character. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: To determine the percentage of abstracts presented at the Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) annual scientific meetings that go on to publication. Methods: Records of previous CAR meetings from the years 2005-2011 were obtained. An Internet search was performed to determine which abstracts went on to publication. Abstracts were assessed according to exhibit category (Resident Award Papers), educational institution, publishing journal, and time to publication. Results: Of the 402 abstracts presented, 112 (28%) were published. Overall, an average of 37% of Radiologists-In-Training Presentations, 34% of Scientific Exhibits, and 20% of Educational Exhibits went on to publication. The University of British Columbia and University of Ottawa published the largest number of abstracts (66 and 62, respectively) from the years 2005-2011. The University of Montreal had the largest percentage of abstracts published (42%). The range of publishing journals was wide, but the top publisher was the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal (27%). Eighty-three percent of abstracts were published within 3 years of being presented. Conclusion: In total, 28% of all the abstracts presented at the CAR conferences between 2005 and 2011 were published. Further exploration into the reasons and barriers for abstracts not being published may be a next step in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a chronic condition with potential negative health consequences. Therapists working with children with DCD need access to tailored, synthesized, evidence-based information; however a knowledge-to-practice gap exists. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the utility of an evidence-based online DCD module tailored to physical therapists' (PTs) needs. Methods: Guided by the Knowledge to Action framework, we interviewed PTs working with children with DCD ( n = 9) to identify their information needs. Their recommendations, along with synthesized DCD research evidence, informed module development. These PTs as well as others ( n = 50) evaluated the module's usefulness. Results: The module incorporated important content areas including: (1) identification; (2) planning interventions and goals; (3) evidence-based practice; (4) management; and (5) resources. Case scenarios, clinical applications, interactive media, links to resources, and interactive learning opportunities were also embedded. PTs perceived the module to be comprehensive and useful and provided feedback to improve module navigation. Conclusions: Involving end-users throughout the development and evaluation of an online PT DCD module contributed to its relevance, applicability, and utility. It will be important to evaluate whether use of this module improves the quality of services provided by PTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To evaluate the impact of an evidence-based online module on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) on self-reported physical therapist (PT) knowledge, skills, and practice. Methods: Fifty PTs completed a questionnaire before and after the completion of the online module, with 41 PTs completing the same questionnaire 2 months later. The questionnaires included items rated using a 7-point Likert Scale and short open-ended questions. Results: There was a significant effect of Time for 17 out of 18 items on self-reported knowledge, and all 19 items for self-reported skills. Post-hoc analyses indicated that mean scores at Time 2 and Time 3 were higher than the mean scores at Time 1. Forty-six (92%) participants reported an increase in their confidence to provide evidence-based services. Forty-three (86%) participants indicated their intentions to modify their evaluative practices (e.g., involving children in goal setting) and their management of DCD (e.g., using the best practice principles, providing resources to families). At the 2-month follow-up, 19 (46%) participants had returned to the module to review information (e.g., video, resources) or to download handouts. Conclusions: The online DCD module appears to be an effective knowledge translation strategy to increase PTs' self-reported knowledge and skills, and to support evidence-informed practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ankyloglossia ('tongue-tie') is a relatively common congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenulum, which may restrict tongue tip mobility. There is considerable controversy regarding its diagnosis, clinical significance and management, and there is wide variation in practice in this regard. Most infants with ankyloglossia are asymptomatic and do not exhibit feeding problems. Based on available evidence, frenotomy cannot be recommended for all infants with ankyloglossia. There may be an association between ankyloglossia and significant breastfeeding difficulties in some infants. This subset of infants may benefit from frenotomy (the surgical division of the lingual frenulum). When an association between significant tongue-tie and major breastfeeding problems is clearly identified and surgical intervention is deemed to be necessary, frenotomy should be performed by a clinician experienced with the procedure and using appropriate analgesia. More definitive recommendations regarding the management of tongue-tie in infants await clear diagnostic criteria and appropriately designed trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Congress of Black Women of Canada (CBWC) is a social movement organization that has represented the interests of Black women in this country for more than four decades at the national and local levels. While Black Canadian feminist scholars have started to explore women’s organizations, the CBWC’s organizing efforts is missing from the feminist record. This article seeks to redress this gap by using a Black feminist synthetic perspective to document the CBWC’s conference themes and issues between 1973 and 1983. Focusing on the organization’s conferences, this article uses organizational documents to analyze their workshop topics concerning youth and education, triple oppression, women’s movement, pay equity, immigration, racial profiling, institutionalized racism, health, multiculturalism, and sexuality. Given the CBWC’s focus on Black women and their families, understanding how members used their identities, ideologies, and institutions as critical categories to interpret their experiences is a particular concern. This article argues that these conferences were more than an empirical space for Black women’s gatherings. The conferences served as a time for the recovery, affirmation, and mobilization of Black feminist identities, that is, a time for connecting consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses a literature search and guideline development process conducted by the Critical Care Practice Committee of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians to help create an evidence based approach for use of vasopressor and inotrope in the stabilization of shock. Topics discussed include which of the agents should be used in treatment emergency department patients with cardiogenic shock and which should be used for patients with hypovolemic shock.

Diabetes requiring insulin is increasingly common and likely to impact students in most, if not all, schools. Diabetes and its complications have major personal, social and economic impact, and improved diabetes control reduces the risk of both short- and long-term complications. Evidence shows that more intensive management of diabetes - through frequent blood glucose monitoring, insulin administration with injections and/or insulin pumps, and careful attention to diet and exercise - leads to better control. Since children spend 30 to 35 hours per week at school, effectively managing their diabetes while there is integral to their short- and long-term health. The Canadian Paediatric Society and the Canadian Pediatric Endocrine Group recommend that minimum standards for supervision and care be established across Canada to support children and youth with type 1 diabetes in schools. These recommendations are derived from evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, with input from diabetes care providers from across Canada, and are consistent with the Canadian Diabetes Association's Guidelines for the Care of Students Living with Diabetes at School [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the profession of music therapy has made many advances since the Canadian Association for Music Therapy (CAMT) was established in 1974, it is still a relatively new profession and, as such, faces a variety of challenges. However, it is not known how these challenges are perceived by Canadian music therapists who live in diverse regions of a geographically large country and work within different provincial and regional health care and education systems. Furthermore, it is not known how these diverse experiences impact upon Canadian music therapists' views of the profession. The purpose of this study was to examine Canadian music therapists' perspectives on the current state of music therapy as a profession in Canada. In Fall 2012, participants (N = 87) completed an online survey that examined their perceptions of the CAMT definition of music therapy, scope of practice, professional certification, government regulation, and professional advocacy. Results indicated that a majority of respondents believed that bath the CAMT's definition of music therapy and the Music Therapy Association of Ontario's (MTAO) scope of practice statement are representative of the current profession and practice of music therapy in Canada. However, respondents' perceptions were more varied in other areas of the survey. Potential implications and recommendations for the profession and for further research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]