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Rooted in research into personality, we propose that the Big Five traits would be related to fear of COVID‐19 (FOC), which in turn would lead to heightened job burnout, reduced job satisfaction, and decreased performance. Utilizing a three‐wave time‐lagged design, we collected our data from employees working in the United States and Canada (N = 300 × 3). We found good support for our hypotheses. Extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness had significant direct effects on FOC. Fear of COVID‐19 was positively related to job burnout and negatively related to job satisfaction and performance. Extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness had significant indirect effects on burnout, job satisfaction, and job performance via FOC. Hence, this study identifies a key mechanism, an individual's worry about losing their valuable resources (e.g. their health, and that of their family members and friends, etc.), through which selected dimensions of personality might affect employees' work outcomes. We discuss our findings and provide suggestions for future research in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The current study aimed to explore differences in adverse outcomes between youth and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) living in child welfare care (i.e., foster care or group home) with those living with their biological parent(s) or with adoptive or other family member(s) in Canada. Methods: Data gathered from the Canadian National FASD Database were used for analysis. A total of 665 youth and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of FASD under the age of 18 living in child welfare care, with biological, adoptive or other family members, were included in the sample. Key areas examined included living situation, legal problems, experience of sexual or physical abuse, mental health (anxiety, conduct disorder, mood disorder and post‐traumatic stress disorder) and suicidal ideation. Descriptive statistics and chi‐square comparisons were utilized to explore these differences. Results: Results revealed a significantly higher rate of reported sexual and physical abuse among individuals in child welfare care compared with those living with biological parents or with adoptive or other family member(s). Rates of difficulty with the law were also higher among those in child welfare care compared with adoptive/other family members. Conversely, the rate of mood disorders was significantly higher among those living with adoptive/other family members compared with child welfare care. Results highlight similar rates of reported suicidal ideation/attempts across all living situations, as well as mental health concerns. Conclusions: Results offer rare insight into the lives of youth and adolescents under age 18 with diagnosed FASD who reside in child welfare care in contrast to those living with biological parent(s) or with adoptive or other family members. These findings increase our awareness of the complexity of mental health concerns and suicide risk across all living environments. Results have further implications for policy, practice and clinical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of chronic disease and health services use in adults living in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). A cross-sectional analysis of 2345 adult respondents to the 2001 Canadian Community Health Survey was performed. Outcome measures included the prevalence of chronic disease and health services use. The sample comprised normal (37%), overweight (39%), obese (17%), and morbidly obese (6%) individuals. Obese and morbidly obese individuals were more likely to report the presence of a chronic disease. Adjusting for age and sex, increasing BMI category was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of cardiovascular, endocrine, and pulmonary diseases (excluding asthma). The majority of survey respondents in each category reported having a regular doctor (>75%), and there were no significant differences across categories. Compared to those with a normal BMI, obese and morbidly obese individuals reported a significantly higher number of visits to a family physician. There were no differences across BMI categories and the use of specialist or hospital services. Almost a quarter of the study sample in NL was classified as morbidly obese or obese. These individuals reported more chronic conditions and more visits to a family physician than the normal-weight group. The greater morbidity and the increased frequency of visits to family physicians suggests greater consideration should be given to channeling financial and human resources to the primary health care of this high-risk population. ( Population Health Management 2010;13:47–53) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metabolic syndrome is a complex disorder characterized by an atherogenic dyslipidemia resulting from the interaction between genetic and nutritional factors. The objective of this study was to examine in a cohort of 720 adults participating in the Québec Family Study (QFS) whether dietary fat interacts with the P12A polymorphism in the gene encoding the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), a nuclear factor that regulates lipid and glucose homeostasis. Carriers of the A12 allele had a higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass as well as subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) areas both assessed by computed tomography than P12/P12 homozygotes. Total fat and saturated fat intakes estimated from a 3-day food record were significantly correlated with several components of the metabolic syndrome in P12/P12 homozygotes. None of these expected associations were observed among carriers of the A12 allele. Furthermore, in a model including the PPAR-γ P12A polymorphism, fat intake, age and gender, PPAR-γ P12A and its interaction with fat intake were associated with BMI and waist circumference. Similar results were obtained when saturated fat intake replaced total fat intake into the model. When the two genotype groups were further classified into quartiles of total fat or saturated fat intake and their characteristics compared, an increase in fat intake was associated with an increase in waist circumference in P12/P12 homozygotes but not in A12 carriers. There was no difference in the waist circumference in carriers of the A12 allele whether the fat or the saturated fat intake was high or low. These results suggest that the PPAR-γ P12A polymorphism can modulate the association between dietary fat intake and components of the metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]