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Donald Ewen Cameron is known as the Canadian psychiatrist behind the Montreal Experiments, a series of brainwashing experiments. As part of a larger Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) project known as MK Ultra, the CIA regarded these experiments as a potential military weapon during the Cold War. However, a closer look into Cameron's research and project MK Ultra shows that these experiments began long before Cameron was contacted by the CIA. Additionally, Cameron received funding for his experiments indirectly, so he was probably never aware the money was from the CIA. In this paper, I analyse the published work of Dr Cameron from the beginning of his career to his role in MK Ultra, and evaluate his own possible reasoning behind these experiments.

Social justice education ( SJE) is a ubiquitous, if inconsistently defined, component of contemporary education theory and practice. Recently, SJE has come under fire for being politically biased and even 'brainwashing' children in the public education system. In a liberal democracy such as our own, it is important that state-sponsored actions and essential public goods can be justified to all citizens, not only to those with a particular set of beliefs. To defend SJE against its detractors, therefore, it is insufficient to argue over the concrete values that SJE seeks to inculcate; it is instead necessary to develop a philosophical argument situating SJE within a conception of democratic liberalism. This article provides such an argument by reviewing competing conceptions of liberalism, analyzing the political culture in Canada, and applying an interpretation of comprehensive liberalism to specific educational initiatives. Rather than defining or justifying all instances of SJE, the goal is to show how some, but not all, substantive political views can be coherently espoused in the Canadian education system without turning into 'brainwashing.' Five specific criteria are offered for discriminating between legitimate and illegitimate forms of education within Canadian liberalism. I use these criteria to show that much of what we recognize as SJE is justifiable, not because every citizen endorses the concrete values it represents, but because and only insofar as it reflects a democratic political culture that does. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Paper explores the potential for a Canadian defense of brainwashing in the context of battered spouses who commit crimes against third parties. Part I briefly discusses a working definition of "brainwashing" and the historical basis for this potential defense. Part II discusses the juridical basis for a new defense of brainwashing by examining the theory behind the proposed defense. This leads to an examination of the established defenses of necessity, duress, automatism, and diminished capacity, which in turn moves the discussion toward the feasibility of an affirmative defense of brainwashing through the concept of superimposed intent. Part III will explore the evolution of Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) as a model for a new defense and will examine brainwashing and the battered spouse. The paper is limited to a subset of abused women termed victims of the "sexual sadist." Part IV concludes by analyzing the case of Karla Homolka and the future of a brainwashing defense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his article "The Construction of Satanism As a Social Problem in Canada" (1990), Randy Lippert has made some inaccurate comments about the author's character and his motives. Based on a few newspaper interviews and one brief telephone call, he concludes that the author "might be better understood" as a "moral entrepreneur" who "acts with an absolute ethic." Other accusations about the author's character and beliefs are stated or implied throughout the article. The paper's main concerns center on the obvious fact that some religious or psycho- spiritual therapy movements are manipulative, abusive, and harmful toward their followers or society at large. Certain elements are identified of such problematic movements to educate members of the public so that they can determine for themselves whether or not a specific group deserves their involvement or support. There is an attempt to understand terms such as "brainwashing." Since this area of psychological inquiry is relatively new, definitional confusions abound. The authors have settled on the term "psychological assault," which is defined as "a process by which an individual or group uses known techniques to systematically assault, break down, and replace a targeted individual's core identity and beliefs for purposes of dominance and control."