Search

The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was referred the bill (S. 136) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to provide supplemental funding and other services that are necessary to assist certain local school districts in the State of California in providing educational services for students attending schools located within Yosemite National Park, to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to adjust the boundaries of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with amendments and recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass.

This hearing was convened to examine issues relating to higher education and corporate leaders, focusing on defining the roles industry and institutions of higher education will have to ensure that the United States has the skilled and diverse workforce it will need to succeed today and in the future. The Committee heard statements by: Michael B. Enzi, chairman, Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions; Edward M. Kennedy (D-MA); Patty Murray (D-WA); Johnny Isakson (R-GA); Louis Caldera, president, University of New Mexico; Edward Hoff, vice president, Learning for IBM; Patricia McGuire, president, Trinity University; James Mullen, president and CEO, Biogen; Edison O. Jackson, president, Medgar Evers College; Patrick Sweeney, president and CEO, Odin Technologies; Robert Craves, founder, Costco Corporation, currently CEO and president, Washington Education Foundation; Walter Nolte, president, Casper College; Charles Reed, chancellor, California State University; and Laura Palmer-Noone, president, University of Phoenix.

A subcommittee report introduces the subject of these joint hearings--the problem of infant mortality in the United States; addresses the need for the legislation; summarizes the proposed legislation; and lists endorsing organizations. The hearings examine both the scope of the problem and S. 1209, legislation to create a national commission to prevent infant mortality. Testimony, which includes remarks by persons experiencing problems and participating in programs, reports: (1) efforts made to address the problem in Texas; (2) the work of the Southern Regional Task Force on Infant Mortality in South Carolina and Virginia; (3) Florida's program goals and interest in the legislation; (4) prenatal care of migrant workers; (5) activities of the Economic Opportunity Family Health Center of Liberty City in Miami (Florida); (6) human and economic costs of infant mortality and differences preventive measures make; (7) dimensions of the problem in Florida and efforts to address them; (8) programs of obstetric, pediatric, and neonatal intensive care units; (9) differences prenatal care can make to mothers' and babies' health; (10) the Children's Home Society's special prevention programs for high risk teens; (11) major trends in infant mortality and related statistics for the United States, reasons trends are occurring, and responsive activities of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; (12) the Reduced-Fee Maternity Program of Providence Hospital's Center for Life, Washington, D.C.; (13) dimensions of and approaches to the problem of infant mortality in Minnesota; (14) infant mortality among blacks in Washington, D.C.; and (15) approaches to preventing low birthweight among infants. Material submitted for the record, in addition to statements and letters, includes a research report on racial and socioeconomic disparities in childhood mortality in Boston, MA, other articles on infant mortality, the text of S. 1209, and an extensive summary of ways to prevent low birthweight. (RH)

These hearings open with introductory statements detailing the nature of the gang violence problem and legal precedents for federal intervention. Proceedings from the Los Angeles hearings include testimony by a county supervisor, disrict attorneys, a former gang member, the executive director of the Community Youth Gang Services, and the director of the probation department gang supervision program. The San Francisco hearings include testimony from police and parole officials, district attorneys, and the director of the Center for the Assessment of the Juvenile Justice System. In addition to describing the juvenile gang problem, the proceedings center on the options for incarcerating juveniles, the backlog in the court system, recidivism, probation, and rehabilitation. The provisions of the proposed Justice Assistance Act are discussed in terms of its value in funding state programs. (JAC)

This document presents the full text of two United States Senate hearings before the Subcommittee on Child and Human Development of the Committee of Human Resources on the subject of child care and child development programs. The hearings were held to gather information and examine how best to shape future federal legislation involving child care and child development. Hearing witnesses (comprised mostly of program directors and coordinators, all from California) addressed the Committee on November 25, 1977 and December 12, 1977 about topics such as community based child care delivery systems, children's centers, school care, drop-in and crisis care, infant handicapped care, Head Start and other related programs. Also included in the text are prepared written statements by witnesses. Information on child care research and publications is presented as well as four written sets of responses to questions asked by Senator Cranston on various aspects of child care. The appendix contains additional written statements by witnesses; letters and communications to U.S. Senator Cranston from program directors, committee chairmen and other leaders in the field of child care in California; and background material concerning child care services. (SE)

During the hearings of the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor, various statements prepared for the Subcommittee on Monopoly of the Senate Select Committee on Small Business hearing on the role of giant corporations in the American and world economies were included. This appendix includes some of those statements. The statements given cover: (1) corporate secrecy and agribusiness; (2) research into the effects of corporate farming on the quality of rural community life; (3) the problem of the relationship between large-scale and corporate firms in agriculture and the rural community including the persons employed in agriculture; (4) needed research into the effects of large-scale farm and business firms on rural America; and (5) corporate accountability and the family farm. The appendix also ircludes the following articles and publications: (1) .A Profile of California Agribusiness," (2) "Arvin and Dinuba Revisited: A New Look at Community Structure and the effects cf Scale of Farm OPerations," (3) "Corporations Having Agricultural Operations," (4) "Economies of Size ir Farming," (5) "Our 31,000 Largest Farms," and (6) "Who Will Control U.S. Agriculture? Policies Affecting the Organizational Structure of U.S. Agriculture." (NQ)

On January 13, 1972, the subcommittee resumed its hearings on land ownership, agribusiness, and agrigovernment in California. Witnesses testified on: (1) the impact of land use, ownership, and distribution on farmworkers, farmers, and consumers; (2) the national policy of land ownership and distribution; (3) California's water project and reclamation program; (4) the role of unions and legislation in relation to migrant workers; (5) farm credit and financing: (6) the role of Sunkist Growers as a grower-owned cooperative in the chain of events occurring in the marketing of all varieties of citrus from California and Arizona; (7) the history, oPerations, and problems of the California Canners and Growers; (8) the role of Central Coast Counties Development Corporation in establishing the Co-operativa Campesina, a strawberry cooperative; (9) general problem areas affecting the rural poor, particularly the migrant laborer and his family; (10) the policies and efforts (administrative and bureaucratic) of Federal agencies responsible for providing rural programs; (11) economic development needs in rural areas; (12) the reform of national policies; and (13) problems of rural America and possible strategies for change. Among the witnesses were representatives from the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee, California Farmer-Consumer Information Committee, and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. (NQ)

On January 12, 1972, the Subcommittee resumed its hearings on the impact of agribusiness and agrigovernment on the welfare of the family farmer, the farm worker, and the rural community. Witnesses testified on such topics as: (1) problems of rural poverty; (2l some of the court litigation taking place in Fresno County; (3) the syndication of farmlands by conglomerates; (4) the quality of rural life, with particular emphasis on public policy and current developments related to the size and control of farm operations; (5) happenings in the area affected by the new water supply from the San Luis project; (6) the effect of marketing orders; (7) the California Land Conservation Act of 1965 (Williamson Act); (8) the economic development for campesinos; (9) the potential for a cooperative movement in rural California; and (10) strategies for change as seen by concerned persons in the public and private sector. Among the witnesses were: farmers, attorneys, real estate brokers, economists, journalists, community workers, and representatives from the National Farmers Organization, the California State Grange, and the Greater California Education Project. Additional information included: "California Migrant Services, 7-year Summary"; "Almond Growers Get Tax (Break?) Under New Depreciation Rules"; and "Land Buyers Need Protection" (an editorial from the Land Owners Journal, June 1971). (NQ)

On January 11, 1972, the subcommittee heard further testimony on land ownership, use, and distribution in rural America. Witnesses gave testimony on: (1) Land ownership in California and the Nation; (2) the difficulties encountered in finding out who owns the land; (3) the implications of the continuing trend toward ever-higher concentration of land and economic and political Power in agriculture; (4) current developments in California agriculture from an historical perspective and their impact on farmworkers, farmers, and others affected by it; (5) the extent to which government policies and programs were meeting and serving the needs of all people in rural American; (6) the ecological and environmental implications of present and projected land ownership and use patterns; (7) rural-urban migration: and (8) the Federal tax laws pertaining to agriculture and migratory labor. Among the witnesses were attorneys, journalists, and representatives from the Agribusiness Accountability Project, the Bank of America in San Francisco, the Rand Corporation, and the California AFL-CIO. (NQ)

This appendix consists of articles and publications included in the subcommittee's hearings on farmworkers in rural America. Among these are: (1) excerpts from "The People Left Behind"; (2) "A Bountiful Tax Harvest" (reprint from the "Texas Law Review", December 1969); (3) "Farm Losses Under the Tax Reform Act of 1969: Keepin''em Happy Down on the Farm"; (4) "Damming the West" (the Nader task force report on the Bureau of Reclamation); (5) "Power and Land in California" (the Nader task force report on land use in California); (6) "The Research Subsidy" (includes selected material from "Dirt on California, Agribusiness, the University"); (7) "Efficiency and Agriculture"; (8) "Origins and Growth of Migratory Seasonal Labor in Agriculture"; (9) "What Shall We Do With Them?" (address before the Commonwealth Club of California, April 1938); (10) "The Migrants and California's Future: The Trek to California and the Trek in California" (address before the Commonwealth Club of California, 1935); (11) "Social Problems of Agriculture in Wartime" (paper presented at the Western Farm Economics Association's meeting, June 1943); (12) "The Pattern of Early Land Settlement and Use through 1870" (from the LaFollette Committee report); (13) "Trade Perspectives for Industry, Agriculture, and Labor"; and (14) "Internal Migration in the United States: A Bibliography, 1955 to 1971." (NQ)