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This article describes the geographic patterns and incidence of residential segregation in Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín in the years 2005 and 2018. Starting from a conceptual and methodological reflection on the importance of making comparative studies in time and context, a methodological approach is proposed to measure residential segregation in the three main cities of Colombia in two different years and at different scales. The incidence of residential segregation is compared as well as the spatial changes that it has caused. For this, multiple methods of spatial and statistical analysis are used that enable the construction of indices at different scales that lead to the conclusion that segregation presents particularities in its geographical patterns in the three cities. Among the particularities, it is found that segregation has decreased on a macro-scale, but has an increased incidence on a neighbourhood scale, and that there is a low probability of interaction between the poor and rich. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]