Search

Objective: To explore the relationships between dental problems and underweight status among rural women in Burkina Faso by using nationally representative data. Design: This was a cross-sectional secondary study of primary data obtained by the 2013 WHO Stepwise Approach to Surveillance survey conducted in Burkina Faso. Descriptive and analytical analyses were performed using Student's t test, ANOVA, the χ2 test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. Setting: All thirteen Burkinabè regions were categorised using quartiles of urbanisation rates. Participants: The participants were 1730 rural women aged 25–64 years. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 16·0 %, and 24·1 % of participants experienced dental problems during the 12-month period. The women with dental problems were more frequently underweight (19·9 % and 14·7 %; P < 0·05) and had a lower mean BMI (21·1 ± 3·2 and 21·6 ± 3·7 kg/m2, P < 0·01) than those without dental problems. More risk factors for underweight were observed in less urbanised regions among elderly individuals (> 49 years old) and smokeless tobacco users. Age > 49 years, professions with inconsistent income, a lack of education, smokeless tobacco use and low BMI were factors that were significantly associated with dental problems, while residency in a low-urbanisation area was a protective factor. Conclusion: The prevalence of underweight in rural Burkinabè women is among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa, and women with dental problems are more frequently affected than those without dental problems. Public health measures for the prevention of these disorders should specifically target women aged over 49 years and smokeless tobacco users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dysphagia and undernourishment are common in cerebrovascular accident (stroke) patients in developed countries. Despite the dietary transition, there is little information available in Africa on this topic. This study aims to assess the prevalence of undernourishment and dysphagia in stroke patients in two Burkina Faso teaching hospitals at a starting point (D0), on the eighth day, and on the 14th (D14) and to specify factors related to undernourishment at day 14., Methodology: The nutritional state of the patients was assessed using body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-upper arm circumference. Dysphagia was identified using the Practical Aspiration Screening Schema., Results: A total of 222 patients were included in the study. From D0 to D14, the prevalence of undernourishment increased from 25.2% to 31.0% and the prevalence of dysphagia decreased from 37.4% to 15.8%. All nutritional criteria worsened. In a multivariate analysis, undernourishment was more present at D14 for women (odds ratio [OR] = 7.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51-32.56, P = 0.01) and was less present if weight (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.60-0.79, P = 0.0001) or triceps skinfold thickness (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74-0.99, P = 0.03) were high at D0., Conclusion: The prevalence of undernourishment was high at D0 and increased during the monitoring period. It would be advisable to monitor patients' weight and triceps skinfold thickness, to optimize care for women and patients with low weight or triceps skinfold thickness at D0, to monitor dysphagia, and to inform patients, families, and relevant staff of nutritional concerns after a cerebrovascular accident., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)