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Treatment of peri-implant diseases focuses on reducing the bacterial load and consequent infection control. The use of local antimicrobials as an adjunct to mechanical therapy may result in a better outcome. Among anti-microbials, doxycycline stands out because of its local modulation of cytokines, microbial reduction, and clinical parameters in the treatment of periodontal diseases. The objective of this case report was to describe the combined application of mechanical debridement and bioresorbable doxycycline-loaded nanospheres for the treatment of peri-implantitis in a 71-year-old man. At the 3-year evaluation, the peri-implant tissues had improved, showing decreased probing depths, an absence of bleeding on probing, and no suppuration. This case report highlights the importance of supportive therapy, which is essential for the long-term success of peri-implantitis treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Social enterprises are embedded in ecosystems with multiple actors interested in the field's growth. One way to enhance social enterprises is through public policies and developing countries like Brazil included this in the public agenda. After an important mobilization of private organizations and public managers, the Brazilian federal government implemented in 2017 the National Impact Investment and Business Strategy (ENIMPACTO) renamed in 2023 to National Impact Economy Strategy with the same abbreviation. Since its creation, ENIMPACTO saw significant modifications leading to a decree in 2023 extending its mandate, amplifying membership and changing its name to the National Impact Economy Strategy while maintaining the same acronym. This experience leads us to the following question: How was ENIMPACTO created and developed? Design/methodology/approach: We used institutional arrangements and advocacy coalition theory to analyze the key elements that contributed to ENIMPACTO's creation and its evolution through time. A qualitative, single-case study on the Brazilian experience implementing ENIMPACTO was conducted through semi-structured interviews with national strategy members, participant observation, document and data analysis. Findings: We argue that advocacy coalition and institutional arrangements frameworks combined are needed to understand Enimpacto's complexity. The strategy presented an extensive multiple-actor articulation involving shared beliefs that were also important to gather support on recreating and expanding Enimpacto when external events threatened its continuity. Yet, it presented important challenges on how to achieve consensus and alignment regarding important concepts and regulation strategy among the actors and manage the public policy governance and activities implementation. Originality/value: We combine institutional arrangements and advocacy coalition frameworks and apply them to analyze a public policy composed of actors of multiple sectors that play an active advocacy coalition role. We also present empirical evidence that elements of the advocacy coalition framework add analytical elements to institutional arrangements literature and how they affect each other. We point to two important elements of the institutional arrangements framework (territoriality and subsidiarity) that were not initially considered by ENIMPACTO and were later incorporated because of tensions in the field. We provide empirical evidence of the incipient role that public administration can play in promoting social enterprises' agenda that might base similar strategies to boost social enterprises in other locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and knowledge of the population of a Brazilian city about organ donation. Subject and methods: A total of 1113 individuals over 18 years of age were interviewed in the city of Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Participants answered a questionnaire about knowledge and attitudes about organ donation. Results: The results showed that 86.78% of respondents know what brain death is. The most cited organs for potential donation were kidneys (13.44%), heart (13.14%), liver (11.87%), the cornea (11.49%), and bone marrow (11.27%). The knowledge about organ donation was mainly acquired through the internet (27.79%), and 93.62% of participants knew that it is possible to donate organs between living people. When asked whether they are donors, only 35.30% of participants responded positively, and only 45.10% had already informed their family about their decision. Conclusion: Although they know about organ donation, few people are donors. Therefore, educational campaigns are necessary to inform people about the importance of being a donor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- To analyze the factors related to the internal communication process that influence the organizational bonds (commitment, entrenchment, and consent) between workers and their employing organizations. Design/methodology/approach -- Qualitative and quantitative research instruments were employed in a sample field consisting of four large organizations in Brazil. Findings emerged from Content Analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).The qualitative phase involved the participation of 23 respondents. The quantitative phase sample comprised 401 respondents. A scale was developed to assess workers' perceptions of communication processes. Findings -- A relationship between communication processes and organizational bonds was confirmed. Immediate leader communication proved to be a highly significant factor in the internal communication process, as well as affective communication, which directly impacts commitment and acts on engaging communication, which in turn influences commitment. It was observed that the consent bond, through the subordination, directly impacts commitment, albeit in a negative manner. Originality/value -- The study contributes to the field of organizational communication by introducing the IOCS (Internal Organizational Communication Scale) and paves the way to further the still nascent debate on the forms of interaction between organizations and their employees resulting from new management models, labor contracts, as well as organizational value and purposes, stemming from the changes brought about by the Covid-19 heath crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientists are concerned that the research they conduct accurately portrays the needs of people living with spinal cord injuries (SCI). As such, this study set out to investigate the main problems faced by people with SCI and their expectations for research. This quantitative, exploratory, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out online, with a non-probabilistic sample of 618 Brazilian adults with SCI who had registered voluntarily to participate in the research of the Neurorehab group. The virtual questionnaire consisted of 22 questions based on ISCOS Data Sets. The majority (68.9%) of participants were male, with higher education or a post-graduate qualification (49.5%). Most injuries had experienced traumatic injuries (78.5%) and 58.7% were paraplegic. The mean age was 38.04 years (SD = 9.85). The main difficulties faced after SCI were locomotion/accessibility (70.9%), neurogenic bladder (68.8%), neurogenic bowel (48.2%), and sexuality (36.1%). The highest demand was for experimental studies on stem cells (22.5%), rehabilitation (14.2%), and cures (13.9%). Most (84.3%) of those who reported sexuality problems after SCI were men (p = 0.013). The findings obtained empower people with SCI by enabling them to influence the agenda of scientific research based on their expectations and difficulties. This survey will also aid organizations to engage stakeholders to implement a comprehensive SCI management program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Minas Gerais Medical Journal / Revista Médica de Minas Gerais is the property of Associacao Medica de Minas Gerais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The class Myxozoa consists of microscopic spores that typically present uniform morphological simplifications, containing one or two sporoplasms surrounded by valve cells. The present study analysed the morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of what proved to be a new species of Ceratomyxa found in the gallbladder of Mesonauta festivus Heckel, 1840 captured on the Piririm River in the municipality of Macapá, in Amapá state, Brazil. Methods: The fish were collected in gillnets, and were transported alive to Amapá State University in Macapá for the analysis of the organs. Crescent- or arch-shaped free spores were observed under light microscopy, containing two polar capsules and a suture line, which is typical of the morphology of the genus Ceratomyxa, contained within plasmodia that had snake-like movements. The gallbladder was conserved in 80% alcohol for the analysis of the 18S rDNA gene, and in Davidson solution for standardhistology. Results: Ceratomyxa spores (n = 20) were observed in 11 of the 50 samplesanalysed, and thus had a prevalence of 22%, and had a mean length of 4.2 ± 0.5 µm, mean thickness of 22.75 ± 0.3 µm, and two polar capsules, 1.86 ± 0.3 µm long and 1.63 ± 0.1 µm thick. Conclusions: The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the new species forms a cluster with other freshwater Amazonian Ceratomyxa species, described previously. The new species represents the first description of a taxon of the genus Ceratomyxain fish from the Brazilian state of Amapá. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the influence of different settings, epidemiological and clinical, and different diagnostic thresholds on caries detection in a group of 7-10-year-old children in Brazil.Materials and Methods: In total, 983 children aged 7-10 years old and enrolled in four public schools were randomly selected. Three examiners performed epidemiological examinations followed by an examination of the same children in a clinical setting. The examinations of cleaned and dried teeth in both settings were carried out using a dental mirror and ball-ended probe, under natural light in the epidemiological setting examinations and under artificial light during the clinical setting examinations. For the analysis of results, comparisons were focused on WHO (World Health Organization) diagnostic thresholds versus WHO+IL (initial lesions) diagnostic thresholds, both under epidemiological conditions, in order to demonstrate the influence of the inclusion of IL in the study; and WHO+IL in the epidemiological setting versus WHO+IL in the clinical setting, aiming to demonstrate the importance of examination setting. Outcome measures were dmfs, DMFS, ds, Ds, sealants and number of children 'free' of caries. Paired t-test and McNemar's test were used to test the difference between means and proportions for each age group.Results: Epidemiological examinations, under the WHO diagnostic threshold, showed significant differences for all outcome measures when compared with the WHO +IL threshold. Statistical differences were also detected when comparingthe WHO+IL threshold under different settings.Conclusion: The choice of a diagnostic threshold (WHO or WHO+IL) and the conditions of examination (epidemiological or clinical) were important for caries detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors potentially associated with the development of actinic cheilitis (AC) in Brazilian rural workers. Subjects and methods: A professional performed all physical examinations and evaluations using semi‐structured questionnaires in 240 rural workers. Results: Eighty‐three participants were diagnosed with AC (34.6%). It was more prevalent among workers older than 45 years (3.29–10.96 95% IC; OR = 3.30; p =.0018), Caucasians (phototypes I and II) (4.78–16.12 95% IC; OR = 10.81; p <.0001), illiterate individuals (2.16–21.59 95% IC; OR = 10.43; p =.0037), those with 6 or fewer years of formal schooling (2.03–7.89 95% IC; OR = 4.63; p =.0013), those regularly using pesticides (1.58–6.64 95% IC; OR = 2.79; p =.0260) and those who used the private health service in their last appointment (1.17–3.54 95% IC; OR = 2.72; p =.0083). Conclusion: There was a substantial prevalence of AC among rural workers with advanced age, white skin, and illiteracy, those with lower levels of education, those who regularly use pesticides, and those who utilised private health services in their last appointment. Thus, healthcare strategies that include rural workers are required for the control and prevention of AC in both public and private health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Gerenciales is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Brazilian School Health Program (SHP) on dental clinical disorders such as caries, gingivitis, and dental trauma as well as on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents in Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil. The study consisted of a non-probabilistic (convenience) sample comprising 319 12-year-old adolescents, both participants and non-participants of the SHP, for at least two years. Socio-demographic and OHRQoL questionnaires (CPQ11-14, the Child Perceptions Questionnaire) were applied as well as clinical examinations for caries, periodontal disease, and dental trauma following the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria by calibrated researchers. Mann-Whitney, chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression models were used for the data analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups covered and not covered by the SHP for gingivitis (p = 0.0373) and OHRQoL on the social welfare subscale (p = 0.0265) and total scale (p = 0.0449) of CPQ11-14. Multivariate analysis showed that female adolescents were 1.74 times more likely to present a lower OHRQoL (OR = 1.74, 95%IC = 1.10-2.77, p = 0.0183) than males. In addition, non-SHP subjects were 1.56 times more likely to have poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.56, 95%IC = 0.94-2.59, p = 0.0873) than program participants. In conclusion, SHP positively influenced the OHRQoL of adolescents. However, follow-up studies are needed to verify the continued effectiveness of this Brazilian SHP in improving the oral health levels and quality of life of adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating dental caries and fluorosis prevalence over time is an important measure for monitoring trends in oral health. Purpose: This work aimed to describe the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis of 11-to 12-year-old school children from Iracemapolis, Brazil, in 2004 (n=236) and to compare the current prevalence rates with those from previous surveys carried out in 1991 (n=200), 1995 (n=160), 1997 (n=314) and 2001 (n=244). Materials and Methods: The schoolchildren of both genders from all public schools were examined by two calibrated dentists (Kappa>0.81), using dental probes and buccal mirrors under natural light in an outdoor setting. Dental caries and fluorosis were measured using the DMFT and Thylstrup-Fejerskov (T-F) indexes, respectively. The variation of DMFT index over time was assessed by analysis of regression and the fluorosis prevalence (T-F>1) was compared over time by the Chi-square test at 5% significance level. Results: In 2004, the mean value for DMFT was 1.2; 50% of the children were caries-free, and 15.7% presented dental fluorosis (T-F>1). A significant caries reduction (82.1%) and a significant increase (685%) of fluorosis prevalence have been observed from 1991 to 2004 (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest a continuous decrease of dental caries experience and an increase of dental fluorosis prevalence in 11-to 12-year-old schoolchildren from this Brazilian town as well as indicate that further epidemiological surveys should be carried out in order to monitor these trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the role played by Henrique Morize in the organization of the Brazilian expedition that went to Sobral in the state of Ceará to observe the total solar eclipse of May 29, 1919. This description is justified by the emphasis given to the event by Morize himself. For the Brazilian astronomer, what really was at stake was to show that his institution could perform ordinary scientific tasks, which was not always the case with the National Observatory, since the support of the federal government was not regular. In order to support this interpretation, various documents such as letters, articles and statements from Morize and colleagues will be quoted, in particular the report on that event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores one of the most interesting and least studied issues in Brazil: the consequences of complex and contradictory experiences by replacing the traditional drinks by cachaça, introduced through interethnic contact. Given the rarity of the study of Maxakali alcohol consumption in research, this study aims to understand, from the native's point of view, the negative aftereffect of alcohol consumption. Although anthropological studies emphasize functions of traditional and contemporary drinking as social "lubricants", social perceptions of the Maxakali highlight the problems of cachaça bought through interethnic contact. Symbols and meanings of these consequences were interpreted through their daily life histories, recorded by 21 leaders in focus group. Through the interethnic contact, some adaptations have occurred in the Maxakali alcohol use, with negative consequences for those who drink, their families, their villages and their community. In the world-of-life, these changes these changes can be seen through accidents, insults, marital disharmony, neglects, violent behavior, illness and death. This study's findings highlight the importance of producing comprehensive and in-depth knowledge in search of to identify vulnerable groups and to develop participatory solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: To evaluate the perception of parents about the impact of oral problems in their children, and of demographic, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Brazilian adolescents and young adults with intellectual disability (ID), in 2014.Methods: The sample consisted of 119 individuals. Data collection was performed in stages: calibration and pilot study; Application of questionnaires; Exam of caries, periodontal and need for dental prostheses, in accordance with the World Health Organization criteria. The data were subjected to both bivariate and multivariate analyses to test the association of independent variables with the dependent variable (QoL).Results: Worse QoL was associated with the presence of periodontal pocket (p = 0.03; OR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.06 to 5.90), treatment need (p = 0.01; OR = 5.00; 95% CI 1.37 to 18.31), and need for dental prostheses (p = 0.03; OR = 2.89; 95% CI 1.13 to 7.37).Conclusion: It was concluded that clinical determinants had the greatest influence on OHRQoL of individuals with ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphological and molecular procedures were used to describe a new species of microsporidian that infects the muscles of the sub-opercular region and the caudal fins of the freshwater Aequidens plagiozonatus in Brazil. This microsporidian forms whitish xenomas containing variable number of spores, reaching up to ~0.4 mm in diameter. The mature spores, pyriformin shape, with slightly round ends, measured 3.4 ± 0.5 μm long and 1.9 ± 0.3 μm wide ( n = 50) and showed characteristics typical of Microsporidia. The average thickness of the spore wall was 100 (96-108) nm ( n = 50), and the spore wall was composed of two layers, a thin, electron-dense exospore and a thick electron-transparent endospore. The exospore was surrounded by a thin, irregular layer of granular material. The anchoring disc was mushroom-like, located in the apical region of the spore in an eccentric position relative to the spore axis, rendering bilateral asymmetry to the spore. The anterior part of the polar filament (PF) (manubrium) measured approximately 125 (122-128) nm thick ( n = 30), and the angle of tilt between the anterior PF and the spore axis was ~45°; the posterior part was packed in 8-9 coils. Phylogenetic analysis showed a strongly supported clade containing family Spragueidae Weissenberg, 1976, family Tetramicridae Matthews and Matthews, 1980, Microsporidium sp. RBS1, and Kabatana spp. In conclusion, the available morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular data shows that this microsporidian is a new species belonging to group 4, classified as Potaspora aequidens n. sp. This is the second species described in the genus Potaspora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the role played by the Brazilian physicist Cesar Lattes (1924-2005) in the historical development of the nuclear emulsion technique and in the co-discovery of the pion. His works influenced and gave impetus to the development of experimental physics in Brazil, the foundation of a national center dedicated to physics research, the beginnings of Brazilian 'Big Science,' and the inauguration of a long-lasting collaboration between Brazil and Japan in the field of comic ray physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

So far, the occurrence of nitrogen-fixing Sphingomonas bacteria has been restricted to three strains of Sphingomonas azotifigens. In this work, a group of 46 Sphingomonas-like isolates, which originated from two rice varieties grown in two soils in Brazil, were characterized based on morphological, physiological and genetic analyses. The PCR genus specifically applied indicated that all 46 isolates belonged to the Sphingomonas genus and confirmed the results based on the yellow pigment of the colonies grown on potato agar medium and the BIOLOG data. It was also observed that 22 isolates are nitrogen-fixing bacteria as determined by the acetylene reduction method and confirmed by nifH gene detection. The genetic diversity based on the 16S rRNA analysis (amplified rDNA restriction analysis) showed that the isolates formed two distinct groups at a similarity value of 60%. Furthermore, five clusters at 60% similarity were observed with the 16S–23S intergenic space (ribosomal intergenic space analysis) analysis. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and nifH fragments showed that most of the 22 nitrogen-fixing isolates formed clusters apart from that of the S. azotifigens. This is the first report on the occurrence of nitrogen-fixing Sphingomonas bacteria associated with rice grown in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GV-executivo is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The class Myxozoa is a group of spore-producing eukaryote organisms that parasitize both freshwater and marine fish. The multivalvulide myxosporidian parasites of the genus Kudoa infect primarily the musculature of the fish host, some species are producing enzymes (proteases) capable of digesting muscle fibers. In the present study, 50 specimens of the freshwater catfish Hypophthalmus marginatus were collected from the Tocantins River in Pará, Brazil, and were analyzed. Overall, 68% of these specimens presented infections by Kudoa parasite in the esophageal musculature. The morphology of these parasite was examined under light microscopy and nucleotide sequences of the SSU rDNA gene were obtained for phylogenetic analyses. The species formed numerous whitish pseudocysts containing square spores with rounded extremities in the apical view, and four polar capsules of equal size. In the phylogenetic analyses, Kudoa amazonica n. sp. was characterized as a sister taxon of another freshwater species, Kudoa orbicularis. The combination of morphological, morphometric, and molecular data obtained in the present study provided a conclusive diagnosis of Kudoa amazonica n. sp., which is clearly distinct from all other Kudoa taxa described to date. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Kudoa amazonica sp. n., a parasite of the esophagus. • A freshwater fish parasite. • Description of a new species of the genus Kudoa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavonoids interact with multiple targets in Central Nervous System resulting in a broad neuroprotection mediated by complementary processes and synergic interactions. Therefore, flavonoid-based therapies may input positive outcomes in the prevention and early management of neurodegenerative diseases. In Brazilian folk medicine Trichilia catigua is used for its neuroactive properties, such as neurostimulant, antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory, while Turnera diffusa is traditionally used as a tonic in neurasthenia. Both species are known to be rich in flavonoids. To study aqueous extracts of T. catigua and T. diffusa in terms of their antioxidant and antiglycation effects, inhibition of tyrosinase activity, and interaction with enzymes and pathways engaged in neuroinflammation. Moreover, whenever possible, to establish a relationship between the studied activities and the traditional usage of the species. The phenolic profiles of the aqueous extracts were validated by HPLC-DAD. The effect of the extracts over mushroom tyrosinase and 5-lipoxygenase activities, as well as their capacity to impair bovine serum albumin glycation, were assessed by i n vitro assays. The anti-neuroinflammatory potential of the same extracts was evaluated by their capacity to mitigate the pro-inflammatory stimulus induced in BV-2 microglia cells by interferon-gamma. T. catigua extract, a rich mixture of phenolic acids, catechins and flavonolignans, excels by its ability to decrease lipid peroxidation (EC 50 = 227.18 ± 9.04 μg/mL), and to work as anti-glycation agent, and inhibitor of both tyrosinase and 5-lipoxigenase (IC 50 = 358.84 ± 19.05 and 56.25 ± 14.53 μg/mL, respectively). However, only T. diffusa extract, mainly composed by luteolin derivatives, is able to lower NO production by BV-2 microglia cells stimulated with interferon-gamma, despite its lower activities in the other assays. Overall, this work highlights the value of medicinal plant extracts as sources of bioactive flavonoid-rich extracts with neuroactive effects. Furthermore, these results support their application as alternative strategies to develop functional foods and therapeutics to fight chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Image 1 • T. catigua and T. diffusa aqueous extracts are flavonoid-rich mixtures. • Both extracts interact with enzymes and pathways engaged in neuroinflammation. • T. catigua extract excels to work as antiglycation agent and tyrosinase inhibitor. • T. diffusa extract lowers NO released by IFN-γ-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work reports the occurrence of coccidia of the genus Calyptospora in fishes from the eastern Amazon. Fish were collected on flood plains in the municipality of Macapá, State of Amapá, Brazil. Fresh squash preparations of liver, heart and gallbladder were examined under light microscope. Positive samples of Geophagus proximus and Hoplias malabaricus were used to detect parasites by PCR with Calyptospora -specific primers mRF and mrR, which amplify a region of the 18S rRNA gene. Oocysts were observed in 55% of 130 fishes examined. Parasite prevalence varied according to feeding habits, and was 100% in carnivores, 74% in omnivores (invertivores and detritivores) and 0% in herbivores. Variation in the frequency of parasitized organs showed 100% in the liver, 30% in the gallbladder, and 9% in the heart. The sequences obtained from G. proximus and H. malabaricus were identical and showed 99% similarity to Calyptospora serrasalmi. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of Calyptospora in 10 new species of fish from the region of the eastern Brazilian Amazon. The results demonstrate the occurrence of C. serrasalmi in the region and the research provides new primers for the diagnosis of Calyptospora spp. Unlabelled Image • Record of Calyptospora in 10 new species of fishes from eastern Brazilian Amazon • The prevalence of parasites varied according to the fishes feeding habits. • A new set of primers for the diagnosis of Calyptospora were designed, based on sequences of the 18S rRNA gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high fish diversity of the Amazon has been the subject of study for several research projects because of the importance of its ecosystems. The Environmental Protection Area of the Curiaú River is composed of permanent and temporary lakes within the floodplain forests, favoring a rich diversity of fish species. Pratinha. (Metynnis lippincottianus) is an ornamental fish, widely distributed throughout Brazil and French Guiana. Fish parasites may reflect the environmental quality, as well as the habits of their host. Considering the importance of understanding and contributing to the expansion of studies on fish parasites, the present study aimed to investigate the gills of Metynnis lippincottianus from the Curiaú River basin in the municipality of Macapá (Eastern Amazon). A total of 200 specimens of Metynnis lippincottianus from the Curiaú River were examined and 89% of the analyzed fish were parasitized by metacercariae, Dactylogyridae gen. sp., Piscinoodinium pillulare, Trichodina sp., Henneguya sp., and Myxobolus sp. Despite this high parasitic load, body conditions were not affected. This is the first documented incidence of a species belonging to the Phylum Cnidaria: Myxozoa in Metynnis lippincottianus. Key words: ornamental fish, parasitic fauna, infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study describes a new coelozoic, eukaryotic microparasite of the genus Ellipsomyxa Køie, 2003 (Ceratomyxidae: Myxozoa) found parasitizing the gallbladder of Satanoperca jurupari Heckel, 1840 collected in the Curiaú River Environmental Protection Area in Macapá, Amapá state, Brazil. The fish were collected using mesh cast net. The gallbladders were examined, preserved in 80% alcohol for molecular analysis (SSU rDNA gene), and fixed in Davidson for histological slide preparation. The new parasite had a prevalence of 81% in the gallbladder, asymmetric plasmodia, irregular free spores in the bladder fluid, with no cyst formation. The spores are elliptical, with characteristics of the genus Ellipsomyxa , and they had a mean length of 10.11 (8.56–10.5) μm, mean width of 7.81 (5.96–9.56) μm, and thick walls. The polar capsules are sub-spherical in shape, slightly asymmetrical, with a mean length of 3.12 (2.31–3.99) μm and mean width of 2.5 (2.22–2.95) μm, containing polar filament with five or six coils perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capsule. The Bayesian Inference assigned the new species to a subclade formed by a lineage of Ellipsomyxa species from the Amazon region. Ellipsomyxa tucujuensis n. sp. is the sixth species of this genus described in fish from the Amazon region, and the first for the state of Amapá. [Display omitted] • The new species of Ellipsomyxa (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) has been described parasitizing on a cichlid in the Amazon. • Ellipsomyxa tucujuensis has been described by parasitizing the gallbladder of Satanoperca jurupari. • Satanoperca jurupari is a freshwater host. • Ellipsomyxa tucujuensis has an asymmetric and irregular (polysporic) plasmodium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The Amazon estuary is a unique environment, in which a wide variety of both marine and freshwater fish species can be found, providing an important source of income for local populations. Forty G. broussonnetii specimens were collected from an area adjacent to the city of Salvaterra on Marajó Island, in the Brazilian state of Pará, in 2011. The necroscopic analysis of the hosts revealed the presence of milky rounded cysts throughout the palate. Microscopic analysis of the parasitized fragments revealed that the squamous epithelium covering the palate was intact, although Myxobolus sp. cysts were observed in the cytoplasm of the striated skeletal muscles of the palate, as found in other myxosporids. Overall, the macro- and microscopic findings of the present study confirm the presence of necrotizing myositis in the palate of G. broussonnetii associated with parasitism by Myxobolus sp. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]