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The article describes the estimation of the potential costs, from the perspective of the Ministry of Health (MoH), of incorporating the long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB LA) within the Brazilian Unified Health System, as an alternative for the prevention of HIV infection and part of the national combination prevention strategy. The analytical tools of value chains were used to elaborate the CAB LA value chain by identifying its links and activities. Three demand scenarios were defined based on target population data, varying geographic scope, and potential costs were calculated. CAB LA's value chain is divided into three major links: production, incorporation, and pharmaceutical assistance. Only the latter is considered for the calculation of costs under the budgetary responsibility of the MoH. Potential costs are estimated at R$15 million, R$19 million and R$21.8 million, in low, medium, and high demand scenarios, respectively. The study presents the potential costs for the MoH, including the need for tests and procedures, to guide public managers and the incorporation process. The lack of price for CAB LA is an important limitation of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article diagnoses the competitiveness of the Brazilian value chain of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation and identifies challenges and strategies to overcome them and strengthen the market. Literature analysis and interviews were conducted with 87 professionals from all value chain links. Results show that the competitiveness of the Brazilian PV industry is chiefly affected by the increased production costs, the high tax burden, and the lack of inspection and incentives for developing the production chain. Results also reveal the need to establish international collaborative arrangements to ensure agility in innovative processes and enable the country to increase its industrial photovoltaic competitiveness. Additionally, Brazil should intensify the connections between the links of main and auxiliary value chains to accelerate the development of the photovoltaic sector. The comprehensive diagnosis presented in this study helps to support academics, policymakers, regulators, and professionals involved in the PV value chain to develop investigations and actions to increase the sector's competitiveness and the participation of PV distributed generation in the national electricity matrix. • The competitiveness of the Brazilian photovoltaic (PV) value chain was diagnosed. • Interviews with 87 professionals in the PV value chain were conducted. • The difficulties that limit the Brazilian PV industry have been analyzed. • The strategies to strengthen the PV Brazilian market have been presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazil has great potential for the development of an NTFP bioeconomy as it has 500 million hectares of forest. In this article, I seek to identify, through a literature review, innovations in products and processes inserted in the value chain of Brazilian NTFPs with a greater productive value. The hypothesis is that the prospects for the development of the bioeconomy of NTFPs depend on the establishment of a series of innovations along the value chain and in public policies. The production value of NTFPs reached USD 365 million in 2020 and the main NTFPs were açaí, yerba mate, carnaúba pode, Brazil nut, babassu, and pequi. I observed that the products with the highest production value developed innovations in the cultivation of species and in the development of new products. Innovations related to social and commercial organization have been developed within the scope of working in networks. Several policies were implemented based on the construction of a collective concept for the activity related to the NTFPs, sociobiodiversity. Even so, these actions need to be continued and strengthened for the transition to an inclusive, sustainable bioeconomy that takes into account traditional knowledge. Investment in research needs to be constant for the development of new products. Sustainable planting in diversified systems can also be considered an important strategy. Partnerships between the government and the various actors in the value chains are necessary and urgent to ensure innovations, also in the regulatory and organizational environment of NTFPs' value chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazil is a country with excellent conditions to achieve the “electrification of the economy” based on renewable energy sources. It is one of the best examples of sustainable development of energy sources based on the abundant natural environment. Brazil has already reached the goal of the World Power Renewable Energy Plan, and is meeting the goal of diversifying renewable energy sources from a political point of view. However, the current insertion of Brazil into the energy transition paradigm presents gaps in socioeconomic aspects. As all countries have different characteristics, it is important to guarantee national independence and autonomy for Brazil's energy transition. Although the advanced model of developed countries deals with the economic efficiency and soundness of implementation of the electricity sector, the most important question is what kind of benefits the industry can provide to consumers in the domestic market. If a new public infrastructure project ignores the social public interest, the energy industry may lose its meaning. If domestic consumers are disadvantaged by overly foreign-oriented industrial policies, the future of the national economy may not be guaranteed either. Just as fossil energy caused irreversible natural destruction, if the generation of renewable energy is not ensured in the interests of the country's consumers, renewable energy will lose its own value. Above all, the energy sector is a strategic industry and an important economic resource related to all industries. In this context, the opening of the electricity market in Brazil and the “electrification of the economy” must be redesigned and adapted for Brazil. It is necessary to establish a regulatory system suitable for Brazil and lay the foundations for renewable energies in which Brazilian society enjoys its uses as domestic consumers. Although the expansion of renewable energy sources for the benefit of Brazilian society, what is more important is that the actors dealing with the energy transition and with the insertion in the new paradigm in the electricity sector must be responsible for public, social and environmental integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the spread of sustainable thinking, people have come to recognize that profitability is not the only element for the long-term success of businesses. Of equal importance is the issue of the use of natural resources and people's living conditions. Within this realization, consumers' interest in knowing the implications of their consumption is increasing through information on how products and services are produced. This increasingly leads organizations to seek to differentiate their brands through Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS). In this context, the aim of this paper is to present a taxonomy of value chain upgrading types through VSS adoption by farmers. Empirical evidence to test the proposed framework is presented focusing on the adoption of the 4C system by coffee farmers in Brazil. Although all five types of upgrading were identified in the field research, most of the improvements can be characterized as environmental. Furthermore, the results indicated that the adoption of the 4C standards was an upgrading form for farmers to enhance the coffee production process, as well as to control management activities within the production unit. The paper is innovative in integrating and proposing a framework for the value chain by adding value through VSS. It also empirically applies the proposed framework in the context of the Brazilian coffee chain. • The adoption of VSS by coffee farmers implicates in environmental upgrading mainly. • The existence of public rural assistance is vital for the adoption of VSS by rural farmers. • Sustainable coffee, which was once sold as a superior product, began to be seen as a mandatory attribute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Football is deployed into various segments and consists of a complex value chain, with interrelationships and circularities. It is relevant in various segments and therefore it is important to understand the structure. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present a model of a football value chain and the managerial implications inherent to this chain. Design/methodology/approach: This research used a field study as its methodology, developing a semi-structured questionnaire containing open-ended questions about the representativeness of the football value chain. In-depth interviews with specialists in football were performed to collect data. Findings: The results of the interviews indicated that the theoretical model is representative. Furthermore, through validation, the relevance and representativeness of the football value chain was shown, as well as its interrelationships with the other commodity and service segments. In addition, it was found that this segment is relevant and influential in the national and international market, and can be considered a factor of economic and social development. Research limitations/implications: This paper provides a view of the actors who make up the football value chain, and also supplies a complementary view to the models of chains presented in the theoretical review, enabling the provision of evidence on the axis with greater added value as a new step. The limitation of this research involves the context approached, because as identified throughout the investigation, this context is complex and dynamic. In this way, the linear approach used to construct this chain led to a reduced view of reality and of present relationships. Practical implications: The model shows the presence of the main actors and the structure for the transformation of raw material into a final product, and is useful to understand the existing relationships and the layers of added value. Social implications: The evaluation of the conceptual model of football value chain confirms that this is a professionalized chain, which generates a significant number of direct and indirect jobs. Originality/value: The authors propose a model of a football value chain which is complementary to the theoretical review developed, exposing a linkage of the players present in this chain and at what stage they are present, and supplies the managerial implications inherent to this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia (RIAE) is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estrategia/UNINOVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia (RIAE) is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estrategia/UNINOVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The CHAINPlan method developed by Neves (2007) is a practical tool which can be used to construct strategic plans for production chains. A preliminary step in this process includes mapping and quantifying the production chain. We present the results of applying the method to one of the most important agribusiness chains in Brazil--the cotton sector. The Gross Domestic Product for the cotton sector in the 2010-2011 crop year was estimated at nearly $19.2 billion. We show the interconnections between the links in the chain and its ability to generate revenues, taxes and jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Informação Contábil is the property of Revista de Informacao Contabil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Brazil, the discussion about the replacement of analog television signals to digital and its impact on society, in media companies and government began in the 90s. Embryonic steps towards digitalisation of the television signal ground were the government of Fernando Collor de Mello (1990-1992), with advances during the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1994-2001) and in the government of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2002). The academy starts the discussion in 1996. This article aims to bring to light the results obtained from the survey “Digital television: a historical perspective”, which received the support of CNPq for funding of two scholarships for scientific initiation between August 2008 and July 2009. The project sought to identify what has been published on the subject in the field of Social Sciences and from three macrodescritores (information management, public policy and value chain), providing the lifting of a virtual collection Zotero bibliographic innovative platform. The mapping serves to show the growing interest and development of research in the country during the period - when the number jumped to three works in the first seven years (1995-2001) to 198 in the last seven years (2002-2008). The research sought to identify the major authors and works related to digital television and published in the country. The survey took into account books, articles published in books, journals, Annals of Compos and Intercom, and dissertations and theses. Data and reflections on the survey are contained in this communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]