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Eight ambiguous items in the 16-item Inconditionality of Regard Scale of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory were rewritten to see if the relationship of that scale to others in the inventory would change. The hypothesis that the relationships would change was upheld. (The eight original and eight modified items are included). (JKS)

The communications departments of federal public universities do a significant job of publicizing the actions of these knowledge-producing institutions. Marked by a series of activities involving the triad of teaching, research and extension, there are countless fronts on which these institutions operate and which need to be made public. The aim of this study was to identify the existence of texts reporting on scientific research on the websites of federal public universities located in the Northeast region of Brazil, through an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. The aim was to check whether the online addresses are used for scientific dissemination purposes. To collect the data, four visits were made, on different days and months in 2023 and 2024, to the institutional websites of nine federal public universities located in the Northeast region of Brazil. During the observation visits, there was a small number of texts about research when compared to the number of textual productions that published administrative and service facts. This shows the potential of making strategic use of the structure of the communication departments and institutional websites of federal public universities in order to carry out ongoing scientific dissemination work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Exact Sciences is the property of Master Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: By way of preventing future crises in the Brazilian electric sector, this study aimed to analyze, in detail, the strategies adopted by the Brazilian government to mitigate the crisis in the supply and distribution of electricity that occurred in the country in 2001. Methodology: Case study, with a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, based on the review of arbitrated scientific manuscripts and technical reports correlated to the planning of the electricity sector in Brazil. Originality/Relevance: In general, studies focused on understanding the crisis in the electricity sector in Brazil in 2001 collate analyses under the technical-economics aspect; the present work, however, considers, in addition to this aspect, public policy theories. Results: The involvement of multiple interlocutors in the context of developing strategies focused on combating the crisis in focus could have made the measures adopted more effective; likewise, the reduction in electrical demand, especially during peak hours, is a unique opportunity to provide greater operational security to the electrical system and contributes to its expansion taking place under robust and sustainable bases. Theoretical contributions: This study contributes to public policy management, particularly in terms of promoting sustainability in terms of the supply and distribution of electricity in Brazil. Social contributions: There are subsidies for elaborating and implementing policies that make it possible to reduce the values of the electricity bill to the Brazilian population, which tends to be particularly relevant in the sense of mitigating poverty in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an invitation to get to know the Checklist for Theoretical Reporting in Epidemiological Studies (CRT-EE), developed by a group of researchers from Brazil and Colombia. The instrument was created with the aim of assisting researchers, reviewers, and editors in the development and evaluation of more transparent and in-depth theoretical reports in epidemiological research. The CRT-EE is a list of 15 items that should be considered when reporting the theoretical foundation in studies, covering the traditional sections of a scientific article. The CRT group encourages journals to support and endorse the use of the checklist, aiming to improve the quality of scientific reporting. [Extracted from the article]

Organic Waste management is part of the challenge imposed by climate change by releasing methane and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as a result of its decomposition process, contributing 4% of greenhouse gas pollution. This study aims to analyze experiences of reuse of organic waste developed in Brazil and reported in scientific articles published in the period from 2010 to 202, with special emphasis on the reuse of decomposition products (i.e. slurry) in the fertilization of urban trees. This is a qualitative research for which the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Google Scholar platforms were consulted, seeking national articles, through the descriptors: Initiatives reuse of organic waste, urban organic waste, Organic waste composting experience, Composting of organic waste and Reuse of Organic Waste. Thirty-six articles were found, from which, after content analysis, 6 studies were selected whose content met the research interests. It was concluded that the actions that have been developing for the reuse of Organic Waste start from small initiatives, regionalized, with positive results and developed by a portion of the population that chose to act in a sustainable way in the face of the dismay of public entities in the face of sanitary and environmental problems related to the management of Organic waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work will be based on the analysis of an experience report about a technical visit made to two prison units in the prison complex in the city of Maceió-AL. For the purposes of analysis, a qualitative analysis was made from one unit to the other from the perspective of complexity, where we carry out reflections in relation to education as a tool for social reintegration based on the complexity of the target audience in the Alagoas Prison System. Finally, we exposed a survey of data on the prison population in Brazil with emphasis on the state of Alagoas. In view of the report of the visit made to the prison units, one can see the difference between the Resocialization Center of the Capital where there is a project based on modules of respect, the inmates circulate freely within the unit carrying out work and studying at the opposite time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Tecnologia Aplicada is the property of Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Inovação, Projetos e Tecnologia is the property of Revista Inovacao, Projetos e Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the face of the detection of RNA of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in feces samples from infected patients, this article presents information about the advantages of using environmental modelling of sewage systems for mass diagnosis of COVID-19, especially in the Brazilian context. The literature review was conducted mainly in electronic scientific databases, including articles, technical reports, and national and international institutional publications. Although, so far, few studies have indicated the potential for SARS-CoV-2 contamination by sanitary sewage, the reported results showed that this question needs to be considered in health surveillance actions. The wastewater-based epidemiology has been used successfully to track and provide early warning of virus outbreaks. In Brazil, considering the increase in cases of COVID-19, the limitations of mass testing, and poor sanitation conditions, strengthening the surveillance of sewage systems may direct the actions of the Unified Health System and other sectors to face this pandemic. Accordingly, the use of modelling is opportune to simulate and estimate the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well as the spread of the pandemic in a given area, constituting a complementary alternative to the clinical screening procedures, helping to promote better public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural radioactivity is a public health concern worldwide. Its deleterious effects are largely associated with emitting ionizing particles which generate innumerable toxicological consequences to human being. The present study aimed to describe the research state of the art on natural radioactivity in Brazil through a systematic review limited to articles published in the twenty-first century in the PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs, and Google Scholar databases. A total of 55 research articles were considered for this purpose. Based on the collected sample types, the radiation analysis in most of the scientific reports was performed on solid samples (soil/sediment/rocks), followed by water and air. In fact, most of the available information came from geological studies. A wide range of concentrations and a variety of radionuclides have been assessed, with radium being the most cited. Most of the studies described radiation levels above the international guidelines, and consider the Brazilian territory as a high natural background radiation region (HNBR). In comparison with other HNBR areas, the scientific information about the related risks to human health is still scarce. There is uncertainty about the real impact of natural radioactivity on human health, as there is a lack of scientific information for most of the country about this issue. The analysis and comparison of the available information highlights the potential risks linked to natural radioactivity and the need to incorporate suitable environmental management policies about this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Brazil, the CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) provides grants, funds and fellowships to productive scientists to support their investigations. They are ranked and categorized into four hierarchical levels ranging from PQ 1A (the highest) to PQ 1D (the lowest). Few studies, however, report and analyse scientific productivity in different sub-fields of Biomedical Sciences (BS), e.g., Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Biophysics and Physiology. In fact, systematic comparisons of productivity among the PQ 1 categories within the above sub-fields are lacking in the literature. Here, the scientific productivity of 323 investigators receiving PQ 1 fellowships (A to D levels) in these sub-fields of BS was investigated. The Scopus database was used to compile the total number of articles, citations, h-index values and authorship positions (first-, co- or last-listed author) in the most cited papers by researchers granted CNPq fellowships. We found that researchers from Pharmacology had the best performance for all of the parameters analysed, followed by those in Biochemistry. There was great variability in scientific productivity within the PQ 1A level in all of the sub-fields of BS, but not within the other levels (1B, 1C and 1D). Analysis of the most cited papers of PQ 1(A–D) researchers in Pharmacology revealed that the citations of researchers in the 1C and 1D levels were associated with publications with their senior supervisors, whereas those in the 1B level were less connected with their supervisors in comparison to those in 1A. Taken together, these findings suggest that the scientific performance of PQ 1A researchers in BS is not homogenous. In our opinion, parameters such as the most cited papers without the involvement of Ph.D. and/or post-doctoral supervisors should be used to make decisions regarding any given researcher's fellowship award level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The reassessment of technologies and services offered by healthcare systems is recent initiative and still without a widely adopted and evaluated method. To a better understanding of this process in Brazil, we have described the health technology reassessment (HTR) performed by the National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation (Conitec) into Brazilian public health system (SUS). Methods: A documental, exploratory, descriptive, retrospective study with qualitative-quantitative approach regarding the HTR performed by Conitec from January 2012 to November 2017. Results: After applying the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, we selected 47 technologies for this study. The vast majority of the demands (41 demands) came from the public sector, and only six from the private sector. Most of the requests referred to the exclusion of specific indication; followed by extension of use, withdraw of the technology from SUS, maintenance, and restriction of use. The dimensions of analysis found in the recommendation reports were scientific evidence on efficacy, effectiveness and safety, disease-related issues, issues related to the use of technology, costs, and social participation. However, these dimensions were not included in all analysis, and a standardized structure of the reports has not been observed. The most relevant decision factors considered for decision-making were efficacy, safety and use of the technology. Conclusion: During a six-year period of Conitec actuation, we could find some reassessments of technologies that are available in SUS. We observed that these activities had enabled progress, however, they are still not yet structured, with gaps in the selection process, and the assessment since no methodology and criteria for proper conduct were established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazil is a vast country and there are several scientific studies reporting sustainable behavior in its different regions. Since methodologies used in these studies differ from one another, it is hard to compare them. This paper aims to identify whether differences in sustainable behavior occur in different Brazilian regions and what differences can be identified. Through a web survey, we analyzed data from 1,489 participants, from four different regions. We identified two factors (behavior and search for information), and analyzed the differences through multivariate analysis of variance. The Northeast region had a higher score for "search for information", while Southern regions performed better on "behavior." The Midwest region had the worst performance for both factors. The reasons for such differences may be greatly influenced by the social/cultural context of each region. The results also show that consumers still do not use their power of choice to pressure companies to become more sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paradigma is the property of Universidad Pedagogica Experimental Libertador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Tailings dam accidents stem from technical, managerial, and governmental factors. • An incremental approach to building AcciMaps enhances causal factor traceability. • The Mariana and Brumadinho dam disasters share high-level causal factors. • The Mariana accident investigation was limited in considering non-technical factors. • Improving dam safety involves restructuring chains of accountability and inspection. Tailings dam collapses, though rare, have significant human, economic and environmental impacts. In this study, we analyze two tailings dam collapses in Mariana and Brumadinho, Brazil, in 2015 and 2019 respectively, with a focus on the investigation of the first accident and the repeatability of its causal factors years later. We present an overview of tailings dams failures, followed by a literature review on these two disasters. We synthesize the findings of these reports and highlight the technical, managerial, and governmental factors which contributed to each accident, through an incremental AcciMap approach. We explore the investigation of the Mariana accident, emphasizing the "lessons not learned" which allowed similar causes to develop in Brumadinho. From these results, we propose three sets of recommendations geared towards enhancing the safety of tailings dams operation, improving the safety culture in the Brazilian regulatory environment, and improving the investigation process for dam accidents to ensure all contributing causes are uncovered and addressed. The key point in this discussion is the restructuring of the chains of accountability within dam accident response through nonpartisan inspection and investigation. We conclude with a discussion of the applications of such recommendations in reducing the risk of collapse at similar facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the limitations and implications to environmental management issues posed by the Environmental Licensing approach adopted in São Paulo State. In Brazil, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an essential precondition to the Environmental Licensing of activities and, in fact, it has been the most important and required tool for the licensing of projects. However, in 1994 the State of São Paulo implemented a simplified instrument called a “Preliminary Environmental Report” in order to make the environmental licensing process faster. Since then, the Preliminary Environmental Report (PER) has had the role of indicating whether an EIA needs to be elaborated upon or not. The positives and negatives regarding technical, institutional and legal aspects related to the use of Preliminary Environmental Reports (rather than EIA) are discussed using the case study of a high-pressure natural gas pipeline between the cities of São Carlos and Porto Ferreira in the State of São Paulo. The main conclusion is that the Environmental Licensing process in São Paulo should not use PERs as the sole input to decision making about proposed activities, since the PER approach does not guarantee that the proposed activity is environmentally suitable, does not address locational issues or comparison of alternatives, and risk assessment issues are not considered in the earliest stages of assessment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We reported several scientific discoveries, implicitly recognized by the commenters: Fronteira Oeste Rift; description of a unique, forgotten 15,000 km2 area in Brazil that displays the contact of a large Cretaceous paleoerg with a large continental basaltic province; Catalán andesite covering most of the active erg; abundant evidence of hydrothermalism and vapor explosion from the Guarani Aquifer into and over overlying seal rocks; minor ergs not observed above the first lava flows; shape and structure of numerous barchan and seif paleodunes indicate more variable wind directions than previously reported. We used the methodology required to describe the processes. Cerro do Jarau is a compound paleodune (barchan and seif). We acknowledge the qualified comments made by the commenters, but our main evaluation remains unmodified. Continued studies will lead to significant contributions to the understanding of this major eolian-basaltic province in a unique relationship in the continents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]