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The action of silicon as a salt stress mitigator has been investigated in isolation, and its combined efficacy with other salt stress mitigators needs to be addressed. This work verified whether silicon, in combination with organic matter and Trichoderma harzianum, enhances the production of forage sorghum under saline irrigation and its effects on soil properties. The field experiment was conducted in Parnamirim (PE), a semiarid region of Brazil. Forage sorghum (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf) was irrigated with saline water (3.12 dS m−1) and subjected to the application of non-silicon, silicon alone, and silicon combined with Trichoderma and organic matter over three consecutive cuts (every three months after germination). Silicon applied in combination significantly increased the content of nutrient ions K+, P, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in sorghum leaves, stems, and panicles and increased P content in the soil by 170, 288, and 92% for the first, second, and third cuts, respectively. When silicon was applied in combination, sorghum's dry and fresh matter (total yield for the three cuts) increased to 62.53 and 182.43 t ha−1, respectively. In summary, applying silicon (Si) combined with Trichoderma and organic matter promotes higher nutrient ion contents in soil and sorghum plants and a higher forage sorghum yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of saline water negatively affects gas exchange and plant growth. However, fertilization with a mineral source has been used to mitigate salt stress on agricultural crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange and the initial growth of cowpea beans submitted to different irrigation strategies with saline water and phosphate fertilization. The experiment was conducted from October to December 2019, in full sun in the experimental area belonging to the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção, CE, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, referring to four irrigation strategies: E1 = irrigation with low-salinity water (0.3 dS m-1) at germination, initial growth, and preflowering stages; E2 = saline water (3.2 dS m-1) at preflowering only; E3 = saline water (3.2 dS m-1) on germination and initial growth; E4 = saline water (3.2 dS m-1) in the three phases, and two doses of phosphate fertilization (P1 = 50% of the recommended phosphorus dose and P2 = 100% of the recommended phosphorus dose), with four repetitions. Continuous salt stress in phenological phases negatively affects plant height, photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and leaf temperature of the cowpea crop. The dose of 100% phosphate fertilization mitigates the effects of continuous salt stress on chlorophyll pigment production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Irrigation water salinity is one of the most limiting factors to agriculture in the Northeast region of Brazil, compromising photosynthesis in most crops, especially in the early growth phase, thus requiring the development of research to mitigate its harmful effects. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization for the mitigation of the salinity on the physiology of sugar apple seedlings. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, using five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.5; 1.15; 2.75; 4.35 and 5.0 dS m-1) and five nitrogen levels via foliar application (0.0; 0.33; 1.15; 1.97 and 2.3 g L-1) in four replications and two plants per plot, totaling nine combinations generated by the Box Central Composite Design. Despite stimulating chlorophyll formation 70 DAS, saline water inhibits the fluorescence of chlorophyll a in photosystem II. Foliar nitrogen fertilization at the level of 1.62 g L-1 mitigates the effects of salinity on the gas exchange properties of sugar apple seedlings. The fluorescence activity and chlorophyll indices show positive responses to foliar nitrogen fertilization in sugar apple seedlings 70 DAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A culture is an activity that stands out in the semi-arid region of the Northeast of Brazil for the management of entrepreneurship and income. However, in this region, agricultural production has been affected by excess salts in water and soil. Therefore, the search for strategies that reduce the problems caused by salinity in cashew cultivation is of great importance, with organic fertilization being a promising alternative. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of the precocious dwarf cashew tree 'BRS 226 Planalto' under irrigation with saline water and fertilization with cattle manure. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters, in a greenhouse. The experimental design used was a randomized block design, in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme with three replications, with five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.7; 1.4; 2.1; 2.8 and 3.5 dS m-1) and four fertilization rates with cattle manure (2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5% based on soil volume). The growth of precocious dwarf cashew was measured by the diameter of the stem of the rootstock and of the scion, the plant height, the leaf area and the number of leaves, at the 122 days after transplantation. The salinity of irrigation water from 0.7 dS m-1 inhibited the initial growth of the precocious dwarf cashew tree 'BRS 226 Planalto', at 122 days after transplanting. Fertilization with high doses of cattle manure reduced the growth variables of the precocious dwarf cashew tree 'BRS 226 Planalto'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Agricolas is the property of University of Narino, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ambiente e Água is the property of Revista Ambiente e Agua and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to water limitations in terms of both quantity and quality in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, the use of waters with high concentrations of salts become necessary in irrigated agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of grafted West Indian cherry under saline water irrigation and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under protected environment conditions, using a Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture. Treatments resulted from the combination of two levels of electrical conductivity - ECw (0.8 and 3.8 dS m-1) of irrigation water and four doses of potassium (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation of Musser), arranged in a randomized block design, with three replicates. Irrigation water salinity of 3.8 dS m-1 markedly inhibited the growth in stem diameter and mean fruit weight of West Indian cherry. Potassium fertilization mitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress on the relative growth in stem diameter of the rootstock, total number of fruits and total fresh mass of fruits of West Indian cherry, with highest values in plants irrigated with water of lowest level of salinity associated with the highest dose of K2O. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was performed, during the period from January to July, 2016, in a screened environment of the Department of Soils and Rural Engineering of the Agrarian Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Areia, Paraiba, Brazil, with the purpose of evaluating the effects of supplementary irrigation with saline waters over the relative growth of Indian neem seedlings, in soil with bovine biofertilizer. The substrate used was a dystrophic Yellow-Red Latosol. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 5x2x3 factorial scheme, referring to the water salinity levels of 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, in soils without and with bovine biofertilizer, and in three evaluation periods: at 90, 120 and 180 days after emergence of the seedlings, in order to evaluate the relative growth rate of the studied morphological parameters, evaluated by the relation of the periods from 90 to 120 and 120 to 180 DAE of the plants in height, stem diameter, root dry matter, dry matter of the aerial part and total (root + aerial part) dry matter. The growth of the neem seedlings was compromised by the degenerative action of the salts of the irrigation water, but with lower severity in those plants of the treatments with the bovine biofertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water and salt stress are the major abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity worldwide. The reduction of quality water supplies for irrigation purposes is forcing farmers to use saline waters. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with saline water on eggplant development and mineral nutrition. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse, at the Federal Rural University of the Semiarid, Mossoró municipality, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five irrigation water salinity levels (0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 e 4.5 dS m-1) and four replications. The experimental unit was a 12 m-3 pot containing one plant. A superficial sample of an Ultisol. The saline levels were obtained by dissolving NaCl in water from UFERSA Campus supply system. 70 days after the sowing, the plants were collected and the following growth parameters were evaluated: height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, leaves dry matter, shoot dry matter, specific leaf area, and leaf area ratio. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content were also determined in the leaf tissue. All evaluated parameters were influenced by salinity, but the most expressive results were observed for the leaf number, leaf area, and shoot dry matter. Salinity promoted reduction in N and K leaf contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to evaluate leachate chemical composition and salinity from two Fluvic Entisols of Pernambuco-Brazil, cultivated with onions irrigated with saline water, an experiment was carried out in random blocks, in a factorial arrange 2 x 3 x 6 (two soil types - silty clay loam and sandy loam -, three levels of electrical conductivity - 200, 700 and 2.000 ìS cm-1 and six levels of sodium adsorption ratio - 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (mmolc L-1)1/2), with four repetitions. After 30, 60 e 90 days of the transplanting the leached from the pots was collected for composition evaluation. Levels of cation, chlorine, electrical conductivity and leachate sodium adsorption ratio, collected at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting, with increasing salinity of irrigation water, were observed. Only 90 days after transplanting, the leachate from the soil of silty clay loam texture surpassed the levels of cation and chloride compared to leachate from sandy loam soil. Thus, more saline irrigation water promotes greater lose of elements in the soil because of their removal, which occur more slowly in soils of thinner texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]