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This paper contributes to art marketing and consumption literature by studying how art market participants from Brazil – a market considered "emergent" – position themselves in the global art market. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 60 art market participants and participant observation in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the paper shows how position and validation gains are understood as entailing practices of (ex)change (or troca in Portuguese) at the individual and field level. Beyond the extension of their social networks and circulation in art market circuits outside Brazil, art market participants understood their positioning gains as dependent on changes to (the perceptions of) art market practices and operating context, and the negotiation of alternative valuations of Brazilian contemporary art in the global art market, addressing power inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the existence of other studies in which the brand experience tested from the Brand Experience Model fails to verify the nomological validity in all their relations represents a gap in the knowledge about the brand experience and there exists little empirical evidence in consumption services like Rock in Rio Music Festival. This article measures the brand experience of the Rock in Rio Musical Festival and verifies its relationships with brand personality, moreover consumers' attitudes and their behavioral intentions in terms of satisfaction and loyalty. A survey questionnaire was applied to the participants of Rock in Rio Music Festival by Facebook ads and 864 online questionnaires were answered. Eight hypotheses were tested empirically by multivariate statistical analysis by the use of structural equation modeling. Findings indicate that the first order of constructs— sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual—formed the second-order construct of brand experience and the first-order constructs of sincerity, excitement, competence, and ruggedness formed the second-order construct of the brand personality. The brand experience focuses on the brand personality and both influence the satisfaction and loyalty to the brand. Moreover, this article helps managers to increase the experiential marketing perception of their consumers at a music festival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This research aims to analyse the relationship between marketing capabilities and sources of innovation in public service performance. It proposes and tests a structural equations model in 259 public postal service organizations in Brazil. The study demonstrates that marketing capacities act as partial mediators between sources of innovation and organizational and innovation performance. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study reinforce and further the development of a strategic mindset focused on sources of innovation and marketing capabilities to improve public service performance, presenting an integrative model and testing different scales and dimensions for evaluating performance in the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gini coefficient of labor earnings in Brazil fell by nearly a fifth between 1995 and 2012, from 0.50 to 0.41. The decline in other measures of earnings inequality was even larger, with the 90-10 percentile ratio falling by almost 40 percent. Applying micro-econometric decomposition techniques, this study parses out the proximate determinants of this substantial reduction in earnings inequality. Although a falling education premium did play a role, in line with received wisdom, this study finds that a reduction in the returns to labor market experience was a much more important factor driving lower wage disparities. It accounted for 53 percent of the observed decline in the Gini index during the period. Reductions in horizontal inequalities – the gender, race, regional and urban-rural wage gaps, conditional on human capital and institutional variables – also contributed. Two main factors operated against the decline: a greater disparity in wage premia to different sectors of economic activity, and the "paradox of progress": the mechanical inequality-increasing effect of a more educated labor force when returns to education are convex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to analyze the data on rural agroindustry (RAG) from the 2017 Agricultural Census in order to build a profile of the experiences in Brazil, in the macroregions, and in the two types of agriculture (family agriculture - FA and non-family agriculture - NFA). The methodology used was quantitative, using data on rural agroindustry from the 2017 Agricultural Census, obtained from the website of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), from the Automatic Data Retrieval System (SIDRA). The results and conclusions point to a profile of RAGs more present in the FA establishments, although the highest production and sales values are in the NFA. The FA RAGs have higher values of their production that is self-consumed by families and smaller production scales in relation to the NFA AGRs. The Northeast region has the largest number of RAGs, in both types of farming, while the Southeast has higher production and sales values and the South has more selfconsumption. Given the importance of the agroindustries' activity for the supply of healthy and sustainable food to consumers, it would be up to the State to give more support with public policies to these initiatives, in order to increase their management autonomy, generate more jobs and income, and build better markets for the experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the effects of institutional environments across developed and emerging markets on buyer–supplier cooperation. It empirically examines a Business-to-Business relational exchange model of trust-building, commitment and cooperative behaviors within firms in the USA and countries such as Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC). Design/methodology/approach: A conceptual model and accompanying research hypotheses are tested on a sample of buyers from the USA (n = 169), Brazil (n = 110), China (n = 100), Russia (n = 100) and India (n = 100). Structural equation modeling is used to test the relationships in the model. Findings: Findings suggest that approaches to achieve successful cooperation vary across countries and depend on the interaction between formal and informal institutions present in each country. Results show that buyers from India and China place relatively greater emphasis on conflict resolution and commitment, whereas buyers from Brazil and Russia rely more on trust in their efforts to create cooperative relationships. For US buyers, formality and quality of communication and functional benefits are key factors in fostering trust, commitment and cooperation. Practical implications: A conceptual framework is advanced that extends traditional westernized and China-only perspectives of relational exchanges to a more universal context. Results suggest that suppliers understand how their buyers' country-level institutional environment shapes their partnership legitimacy and relational motivations at the transaction level. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to examine buyer–supplier relational exchanges through the lenses of transaction cost, social exchange and institutional theories using the USA and BRIC nations as proxies for examination of institutional effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research examines the suitability of relationship marketing paradigms to emerging markets (EMs) through the lens of communication, relationship benefits and commitment. Using the U.S. as a developed nation sample and Brazil as a proxy for EM countries like the BRIC nations, a B2B buyer–supplier commitment-building model is conceptualized and tested for context-specific boundaries. The study compares communication behaviors and relationship benefits along functional, psychological and social dimensions to discern the evaluation process and governance mechanisms influenced by an EM buyer’s institutional environment. Results showed that buyers from relation-based EMs like Brazil base their relationship commitment more on the psychological attributes of the partnership, while a buyer’s commitment-building process in rule-based, developed nations like the US is largely influenced by functional attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the market discipline and the capital buffers of Brazilian banks, identifying the channels through which this phenomenon materializes. The literature on market discipline and capital buffers has focused on developed countries. In Brazil, the topic is in its infancy, despite the characteristics of the market representing a relevant opportunity for broadening the related studies. Even with the specificities of an emerging market, the Brazilian banking industry provides a vast field for studying market discipline and capital buffers, given that the banks have leverage with investors, who are sensitive agents to alterations in the risk appetite of those entities. This study contributes to understanding the dynamics of the market discipline in the banking industry and to fostering discussions about the role of that private supervision in promoting the transparency and solidity of the financial system, providing support and guidelines for banking regulation. Using data from 193 Brazilian banks, from 2001 to 2017, the empirical tests included the estimation of panel data models, with the use of two-stage least squares (TSLS), following Ayuso et al. (2004), Flannery and Rangan (2004), and Nier and Baumann (2006). As the discipline exercised by the monitoring and influence of the market is not directly verifiable by external agents, six proxies were developed based on the cost of fundraising, on unsecured deposits, on subordinated debt, and on disclosure. The capital buffer was represented by the difference between the capital calculated by the institution and the minimum regulatory requirement. The results of the empirical tests revealed a positive association between the capital buffer and market discipline, providing evidence of the presence of that private supervision in the Brazilian banking industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research analyzes the relationship between advertising and the dimensions of brand equity, from the perspective of the consumers of soft drinks in the city of Salvador, BA, in Brazil. Two constructs related to advertising were analyzed, perception of effort and attitude, and their relationship with the dimensions of brand equity: awareness and brand associations, perceived quality and brand loyalty. A survey was conducted with a convenient non-probabilistic sample composed of 393 consumers of soft drinks. Data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics methods, exploratory factorial analysis, and correlation. The results allowed verifying the existence of a positive relationship between perceived advertising effort and awareness and brand association. The study showed that there isn't a relationship between perceived advertising effort and perceived quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to show how institutional factors affect buyer–supplier relationships. Specifically, the authors examine a model of relationship quality and its antecedents across rule-based, relation-based and family-based governance environments. Design/methodology/approach: A conceptual model and accompanying research hypotheses are tested on data from a survey of 169 US (rule-based), 110 Brazilian (family-based) and 100 Chinese (relation-based) managers and buyers. Structural equation modeling is used to test the relationship quality framework and the hypothesized moderation of governance environment. Findings: Results suggest that the informal institutions which shape a nation's governance environment impact the relationship building process between buyers and suppliers. Communication quality was found to influence relationship quality more in developed economies where relationships are protected and managed under rule-based governance. Interaction frequency was found to be more relevant in emerging market firms characterized by relation-based societies. relationship benefits are applied more to relationships in emerging markets operating under family-based governance. No differences were found across governance environments for the influence that conflict resolution has on relationship quality. Practical implications: Results provide insight into how the fairness and effectiveness of political and economic institutions surrounding a buyer's nation of operation impact "rules of the game" differently for developed and emerging market firms. Originality/value: This study extends research on cross-cultural relationship marketing to more than just communications context and cultural heritage. Results demonstrate that a buyer's quest for legitimacy impacts its sensitivity to what supplier behaviors matter the most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this article is to develop a scale to measure relationship perception among customers of luxury fashion brands in Brazil. We followed Churchill's (1979) and Rossiter's (2002) guidelines on scale development, emcompassing interviews and the creation of a pilot version of the scale, that went through two purification processes -- exploraroty and confirmatory factor analysis. The Luxury Customer Relationship Perception Scale is a 20 items instrument composed by three primary factors (brand experience, customer loyalty and brand image) and a second order factor (customer relationship perception), with good psychometric indices. As a secondary objective, we tested the relation between the dimensions of brand personality on relationship perception in the luxury context, confirming a prediction relation between these variables. Regarding our contributions, we propose a new metric for marketing literature, which enables future relational studies with other consumer behavior constructs. Then, we empirically show the impact of brand personality on relationship perception, filling a gap on literature that can also help the research on the antecedents of relationship marketing. Lastly, we analyse luxury consumption in an emerging country, a topic of growing interest in literature, bringing out the aspects of the relationship between luxury brands and Brazilian customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose – The central tenet of this paper is that a firm's efforts to nurture a long-term relationship with a third-party logistics (3PLs) will be influenced by its strategic orientation toward its own customers. The purpose of this paper is to propose that there will be a spillover effect of a firm's relationship marketing orientation (RMO) toward its customers on the nature of a firm's relationship with its 3PL, positively impacting its logistics performance. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was administered to logistics managers in Brazilian firms that employ the services of a large 3PL. The model was tested via structural equation modeling. Findings – Results of this research suggest that a firm's RMO toward its customers has a positive impact on the long-term orientation (LTO) toward the relationship with its 3PL, ultimately improving the firm's operations performance. Additionally, the findings reveal that the positive effect of RMO on LTO is stronger for higher levels of a firm's dependence on its 3PL. Research limitations/implications – The results provide initial evidence that when a RMO is embedded in a firm's strategies toward its customers, there will be spillover effects on both the nature and outcomes of relationships with other partners, such as 3PLs. Research limitations include the survey implementation in an emerging market, and surveying clients of a single 3PL. Practical implications – From the perspective of the 3PL, when selecting new clients, it is important to investigate how these potential clients relate to their own customers. In other words, 3PLs should investigate whether these potential clients embrace RMO toward their downstream customers. If that is the case, the client will be more likely to have LTO with the 3PLs with which it works. Originality/value – While most studies in logistics outsourcing demonstrate that interorganizational conditions are key determinants of long-term and collaborative relationships with 3PLs, this study provides initial evidence that when a strategic orientation – RMO – is embedded in a firm's strategies and operations toward its customers, there will be spillover effects on both the nature and outcomes of relationships with 3PLs as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to identify how the relational capabilities of managing international alliances differ according to those developed in national alliances. Thereunto, these paper investigates the internationalization process of a Brazilian company in the pharmaceutical sector, in order to identify the consolidation of strategic alliances, to analyze the strategic partnership formed by this company to operate in domestic and foreign market, in terms of its main characteristics and ways of management, to identify the relational management capabilities developed (technological, human, based in managing systems and cultural) by means of specific routines (coordination, learning, sensing and transformation) and to compare the results. The research is classified as qualitative with a single case study, characterized as field research, documentary, ex post facto. In conclusion, it was observed that there is parity between the characteristics of the observed alliances and the literature, and that there are differences between national and international alliances, regarding to relational capabilities, although small ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Turismo em Análise is the property of Revista Turismo em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Turismo em Análise is the property of Revista Turismo em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this study is to assess the moderating role of emotion regulation on post-purchase and the responses genarated by these evaluations (loyalty and complaint). The study is based on the assumption that consumers experience positive and negative emotions trigered from the evaluation between expectation and performance in services of companies. Such emotions can influence the perception of satisfaction with the company and consequently influence attitudes and behaviors of subsequent complaint and loyalty. Although these relations are already well established in the literature of the relationship between consumers and companies, some variations of post-purchase responses can occur depending on other factors. The emotional regulation is one of these factors. The emotional regulation is a psychological mechanism that has the function of determining how individuals deal with affective experiences of daily life. Individuals with the ability to regulate emotions, may suppress its influence on their attitudes and subsequent behaviors. In the context of relationship, they can control negative evaluations regarding flaws in the services of companies, and for this reason it is usefull to study it along with the other variables. In order to assess the proposed relationships, this research employed an experimental study (n = 223), combined with techniques of structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that positive emotions (vs. negative) increase (vs. decrease) satisfaction. The moderating role of emotional regulation between satisfaction and loyalty were also confirmed, and individuals with greater regulatory capacity presented lower propensity to complain and increased propensity for loyalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the scope of relationship marketing research in a service and developing market context. This is achieved through the development and testing of a theoretical model including antecedents (quality, opportunistic behavior and switching cost), mediators (satisfaction, trust and commitment) and consequences (propensity to maintain, cooperation and communication). Design/methodology/approach – The study comprises data collected from a range of service firms in a national survey conducted in a Brazilian service provider. The authors sent a cover letter, accompanied by an electronic questionnaire, to suppliers of a tourism company. Confirmatory factor analysis and partial least squares were used to test the model. Findings – The results show that trust and commitment have strong effects on the final outcome variables of propensity to maintain, cooperation and communication. Trust mediated two of the antecedents, i.e. transaction quality and opportunistic behavior. Commitment only mediated trust on the final outcomes. Practical implications – Managers of supply relationships are encouraged to develop trust to limit potential negative aspects of the relationship. Combined with trust, commitment is the second half of the two key relationship drivers and should also be fostered. Originality/value – The perspective of the supplier is a new perspective on the effects of trust and commitment. Contextually, a service provider in an emerging market, Brazil, provides unique extensions to the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O marketing de relacionamento se mostra essencial para que a realção entre escolas e alunos seja efetuada, enfoque este que leva organizações a desenvolver relacionamentos direcionados à retenção e lealdade. O trabalho tem como objetivo a criação de um modelo para mensurar a lealdade e a retenção do aluno em instituições de ensino superior brasileiras. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica exploratória e de caráter qualitativa sobre o tema. Como principal resultado tem-se a elaboração do Modelo de Lealdade e Retenção de Alunos para Instituições do Ensino Superior, que apresenta como variáveis os seguintes aspectos: satisfação, qualidade percebida, integração social, integração acadêmica, comprometimento cognitivo, comprometimento com as metas, comprometimento com atividades profissionais, comprometimento a com família, comprometimento com atividades não-universitárias, comprometimento emocional, confiança e lealdade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Turisticos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In spite of the fact that academics and practitioners pay significant attention to developing long-term ties in industry, there is little emphasis placed on the benefits stemming from such ties, particularly on value creation. Our study analyzes perceived relationship value from the perspective of dyads consisting of one customer and one supplier working together, as well as its dynamic nature in business relationships. The analytical framework was developed from relationship marketing theories with roots in economics, political science, organization sciences, sociology, social psychology and law. A qualitative study was conducted by way of in-depth interviews with representatives from 14 customer-supplier dyads in the prominent software sector established in Southern Brazil, The software sector was chosen because of its economic representativity, its viability for the application of relationship marketing phenomena to the context and because of other studies on the matter in this sector. The findings suggest that the acquisition of enterprise software brings benefits of many types to both customers and suppliers, and that, depending on the relational ties, such benefits can be further improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Análise is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The growth of the third sector in Brazil and the dispute for resources to finance its projects comes to develop actions to approximate the second (market) and third sector, such as segmentation of possible investors, communication of the activities of the organization to the community in general and strategies of marketing of relationship with its givers, aiming at the establishment of lasting alliances and the guarantee of financing in the long run. However, the different types of non-profit organizations carry through such activities in different ways, some in greater, others in lesser intensity, becoming them pertaining the specific groups. Ahead of this, a research has investigated the differences between the executions of these elements of marketing in two types of foundations of the third sector of Santa Catarina State identified in the Public Minister. The analysis of the results evidenced that the two groups carry through the communication/promotion, segmentation and marketing of relationship in specific ways, saved some exceptions, besides presenting lack of focus in its purpose, what can cause low fundraising, harming the implementation of projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to propose and test a model that integrates the main predictors of consumers' attitude and behavioral intentions toward counterfeits; to help companies understand the main factors influencing consumer behavior toward counterfeits and create effective anti-piracy strategies. Design/methodology/approach - An integrated model is proposed following the studies by Ang et al. and Huang et al. A survey with 400 consumers was conducted in the Brazilian market and the Structural Equation Modeling technique was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings - The main contribution of the paper is to show that consumer intentions to buy counterfeited products are dependent on the attitudes they have toward counterfeits, which in turn are more influenced by perceived risk, whether consumers have bought a counterfeit before, subjective norm, integrity, price-quality inference and personal gratification. The paper reinforces the mediator role of attitude in the relationship between these antecedents and behavioral intentions. Moreover, previous experience with counterfeits consumption does not have a direct effect on behavioral intentions, but only an indirect effect through attitude. Practical implications - The paper contributes to inform policy makers and managers of brands about the main predictors of consumer's attitudes toward counterfeits. In this way, ads intended to discourage consumption of counterfeits could use the perceived risk as the main message appeal. Originality/value - This paper investigates the key antecedents and consequences of consumer attitudes toward counterfeits by integrating and testing two recent models dealing with this subject in the marketing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The base of the pyramid (BoP) market has become of increasing importance in recent years. The objective of this paper is not only to identify and describe the distinctive characteristics of Brazilian low-income shopping and consumer behaviour, but also to explain the determinants of such behaviour, combining Brazilian low-income values with widely known marketing concepts, such as the 'halo effect', 'relationship marketing', 'brand loyalty' and 'value proposition'. This study is based on empirical, qualitative research, comprising in-depth interviews and focus groups with lowincome consumers. Our findings indicated the following consumer behaviour characteristics among the Brazilian BoP which seem to be different from their betteroff countrymen: a different configuration of the perception of value not solely determined by lower prices, a stronger need to compensate for a dignity deficit and low self-esteem, a stronger preference for personalised relationships, a high aspiration to feel socially included in society, and a preference for stores with a crowded and overstocked atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify the presence of commitment, cooperation and interdependence, in the relations established between suppliers and automobile manufacturers as described in the extant relationship marketing theory, Case studies of the three biggest Brazilian automobile manufacturers were carried out, depicting the existing relations, the routines in these relations and the standards governing such relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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