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Hyophryne histrio was described in 1954 as a new species and placed in its own genus based on a single juvenile specimen from Ilhéus, State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This species was known only from the holotype until 1999 when a series of specimens was collected 50 km from the type-locality. Herein, we provide a redescription of the species based on this new material and present new information on morphological variation in order to help with the recognition of this poorly known species. The diagnostic characters are: occipital skin fold present, interdigital membranes between the toes well developed, dark venter with white blotches, an arrow-shaped dorsal color pattern that begins just after the occipital fold, and a distinct pale line between the venter and dorsum. Dermal spines, which were found in all males and vary in the number of spines and location, are reported for the first time in this species; gravid females have dermal spines only in the pericloacal region. We also compare Hyophryne histrio to all other Neotropical microhylid genera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a new species of the Scinax catharinae group from one of the last remaining fragments of Atlantic Forest in northeastern Minas Gerais. The new species is distinguished from most species of the group mainly by having the mucronate snout in dorsal view, the unique light-yellow coloration on the gular surface in life contrasting with its overall color pattern, and the m. depressor mandibulae with an origin on the dorsal fascia at the level of the m. dorsalis scapulae. These two latter features are novelties in the diagnosis of Scinax species. The new species is currently known only from municipality of Santa Maria do Salto, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This locality is a remaining fragment of Atlantic Forest and has a peculiar geomorphic feature that has been poorly sampled so far.

We describe a new species of Ololygon from the Cerrado biome, Central Brazil. The new species is assigned to the Ololygon catharinae species group based in morphological attributes. Ololygon goya sp. nov. in known only from type locality-Sítio d'Abadia municipality, State of Goiás-and associated with riparian environments connected to seasonal dry forest on the banks of the Corrente river, a tributary of the Paranã river basin. The new species is characterized by the combination of the following characters: medium size (24.4-38.8 mm SVL); snout subovoid in dorsal view; canthus rostralis well defined; males with hypertrophied forearms and nuptial pads; inguinal region and hidden surfaces of thigh with irregular dark brown spots on pale yellowish background. We also describe the external morphology and oral morphology of tadpoles, and the advertisement calls of the new species.

We describe a new species of the Scinax catharinae Group from Municipality of Porto Seguro, State of Bahia northeastern Brazil. The new species is mainly characterized by its small size, nuptial pad dark colored, and compound pectoral fold. Additionally, we describe the structure of its nuptial pad and compare it with that of S. agilis. We also briefly discuss its phylogenetic relationships within Scinax.

Rana margaritifera was described by Laurenti in 1768 and currently is associated to the genus Rhinella, under the combination Rhinella margaritifera. Currently, the R. margaritifera species group consists of 16 recognized species. Furthermore, many additional species have been suggested to exist in this group which highlights the ambiguity surrounding the identity of Rhinella margaritifera and impend further description of the species in this group. After an exhaustive bibliographic review, we concluded that the recent designation of a lectotype for R. margaritifera is invalid according with Art. 73, ICZN, 1999. Herein, we designate and provide the description of a neotype for Rana margaritifera Laurenti, 1768.