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Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with adherence to the hepatitis B vaccine in pregnant women exposed to syphilis. Methods: This is analytical research, with a quantitative approach, carried out in a capital city in northeastern Brazil. Pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis participated. A previously validated instrument was used for data collection. The research met the ethical aspects. Results: Of the total of 73 participants, 43.8% were in the first trimester, 53.4% were aged between 26 and 38 years, 80.8% were married or in a stable relationship, 57.5% had less than 12 years of schooling, 94.5% non-white, 61.7% without income. Adherence to the hepatitis B vaccine was verified in 57 pregnant women (78%). And it was associated with schooling (p=0.057) and having a paid job (p=0.028). Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccination adherence was high when compared to key populations, but below the target proposed by the Ministry of Health. More informed pregnant women who had some remuneration started prenatal care in the first trimester and had greater adherence to the vaccine. It is recommended to take advantage of opportunities to update the vaccination card. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drawing from constructivist scholarship, this article dwells on the relations between Brazil and the Afro-Asian world based on the writings of diplomat Adolpho Justo Bezerra de Menezes, who advocated a larger commitment of the Brazilian foreign policy to the Global South. The author acted both as a norm entrepreneur who problematized Brazilian belonging to the West and a practical-intuitive historian who used the past to show that the ties uniting Brazil to Asia and Africa were tighter than those uniting it to Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Unemployment is associated with binge drinking (BD) as a means to combat psychological suffering. Also, the context of employment, working conditions and occupational stress have been associated with the consumption of alcoholic beverages. This article examines the role of employment status and gender differences in BD in Brazilian adults at least 18 years of age. Methods: Logistic regression models were used to analyse data from 33,632 participants (54.5% women) in the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, PNS, 2013) who were part of the workforce and who answered questions about BD. The sample was stratified by gender, with each group being classified into two subgroups according to employment status (ES), namely, employed (workers paid in cash by one or more employers) and unemployed (people without work in the reference period of the PNS). The final model by gender was fit according to ES-related exposure and the explanatory variables, with only those significant at a 5% level remaining in the model. Results: The prevalence of BD was 15.2%. A higher chance of BD was observed in the employed group compared to the unemployed group, and in men compared to women. Younger age, living without a partner, not practising physical activity and smoking were associated with the outcome, regardless of gender. For women, interactions with income affected the association between ES and the outcome. Conclusion: Gender differences and high prevalence and overlapping of harmful behaviours provide clues for the evaluation of the future needs of health services, as well as guidance for employment protection policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs decolonial scholarship to discuss how Brazilian independence did not delink it from Portugal, thus leading Brazilian ruling classes to take their western identity for granted. This non-problematized western identity would later lead to hostile depictions of Afro-Asian anticolonial struggles by Brazilian diplomats and intellectuals during the decolonization process. The paper also proposes a decolonization of Brazilian foreign policy by urging it to delink from its western identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobials are prescribed drugs in large quantity in Primary Care. The use of these has been highlighted in the policies to rationalize the use of medicines, for being more consumed and because these are drugs most wrongly and abusively used. The study das as an objective to evaluate the process of antibacterial therapy in primary health care of Ponte Nova/MG, identifying the classes of most used antimicrobials, the main bacterial infections, comparing them to the indications to antibacterial therapy protocols. Field research was carried out in the Basic Health Units and in the Pharmacy of Minas, based on interviews guided by a survey, structured in a database with all the information collected through the program Epiinfo 7.2.1.0. Amoxicillin was the antimicrobial that appeared the most in the prescriptions, followed by cephalexin, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin. Among the most identified infections are the urinary tract and upper respiratory tract. Brazil and the European countries presented the same antimicrobial consumption pattern. The study illustrated the major problem currently presented, the considered increased risk of bacterial resistance, as it confirmed the abusive use of antimicrobials to treat infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rodriguésia is the property of Revista Rodriguesia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Contemporary socioeconomic and environmental situation leads to a depletion of the natural resources and social disparities. This condition is even more dramatic in the developing countries. So, human society becomes dependent on urban planning to make cities and neighborhoods more sustainable. Thinking about the sustainable urban planning in the context of the human society dependency, this study compares three Brazilian neighborhoods, planned as sustainable urban units: Pedra Branca (Santa Catarina), Ilha Pura (Rio de Janeiro) and Jardim das Perdizes (São Paulo). To achieve this purpose, we are performing an analysis, which shows the establishment of common principles to conceptual guidelines of these neighborhoods, as follows: New Urbanism (NU) concepts, which guide Pedra Branca project; Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design—Neighborhood Development Rating System (LEED ND), applied to Ilha Pura; and "Alta Qualidade Ambiental—Bairros e Loteamentos" (AQUA B&L), applied to Ilha Pura and Jardim das Perdizes. We are using a conceptual framework to group five common principles of urban sustainability: local interaction, mobility, mixed use, natural resources and innovation, and socioeconomic participation. These principles are used as a common base to proceed to a comparison between the neighborhoods. Findings are showing that the NU concepts are wider in applications and imprecise, concerning social aspects, while LEED is more detailed and comprehensive, but more focused on the environmental aspects, as for AQUA—it is more equalized and adapted to the Brazilian context, even though it is narrowed in performance. About Brazilian neighborhood, Pedra Branca, it is more comprehensive in socioeconomic and environmental aspects, but less technological than Ilha Pura and Jardim das Perdizes. Nevertheless, this study suggests that sustainable neighborhoods could encourage Brazilian eco-friendly cities' development by incorporating active participation from the public stakeholders, ensuring to cover all social and economic segments to mitigate social disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the factors associated with the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella abortus in buffaloes in the municipality of Santarém, Western Pará, northern Brazil. The study was conducted on 60 farms, representing 25.8% of the total buffalo farms in the region. From those farms, a total of 426 buffaloes were sampled, males of any age and females more than 24 months of age, to avoid a false‐positive reaction in the serological test due to vaccination. The Acidified Agglutination Serum Test was carried out on serum samples using B. abortus strain 1,119–3 as the antigen. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the association between brucellosis and potential risk factors. Of the 426 tested buffaloes, 29 were positive, resulting in an overall animal prevalence of antibodies against B. abortus at the animal level of 6.8% (4.6–9.6; 95% confidence interval). The herd level prevalence was 30% (18 of 60) and seroprevalence range within farms was from 0% to 100%. At the animal level, buffaloes raised in the floodplains tended (p = 0.06) to present a higher seroprevalence (9.70%) of antibodies against B. abortus than buffaloes raised in dry land (4.98%) and cows tended (p = 0.054) to have a higher seroprevalence than male buffaloes. Multivariate herd‐level analysis revealed association between farm type and brucellosis seroprevalence (p = 0.015); dairy farms were two times more likely to have seropositive buffalo than beef farms. Our survey demonstrated a high farm seroprevalence of B. abortus in buffalo raised in an Amazonian ecosystem with positive animals found in one third of sampled farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyse the works of Adolpho Justo Bezerra de Menezes (1910-2006), one of the first Brazilian diplomats to serve in Indonesia, and an enthusiast of Brazilian rapprochement towards the Afro-Asian world. In his books, historical interpretation is closely tied to political engagement, and he turns to the past in order to legitimise a greater role for Brazil in the Third World. His ideas also interact with the context in which they were written; they express the bipolarity of the Cold War, but also advocate change. Many of these ideas were later incorporated into Brazilian diplomacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder that is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is clinically characterized by recurrent respiratory infections. However, its repercussions for patient quality of life should not be overlooked. Studies have shown that PCD has a significant impact on the lives of patients, although there are as yet no PCD-specific markers of quality of life. To address that problem, researchers in the United Kingdom developed a quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with PCD. The present communication focuses on the process of translating that questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese, through a partnership between researchers in Brazil and those in the United Kingdom, as well as its subsequent application in patients in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Motricidade is the property of Silabas Didaticas LDA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Motricidade is the property of Silabas Didaticas LDA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes can be divided into two combat styles: pass fighters (PFs) and guard fighters (GFs). Flexibility of the posterior chain muscles is highly necessary in these athletes, especially in GFs. On the other hand, isometric strength of the trunk extensors is required in PFs. Handgrip strength is important in holding the kimono of the opponent, and symmetrical lower-limb strength is important for the prevention of injuries due to the overload caused by training. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical profiles of BJJ athletes with different combat styles using the following outcome measures: flexibility, trunk extensor isometric endurance, postural balance, handgrip isometric endurance and lower-limb muscle strength. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 19 GFs and 19 PFs. The sit-and-reach test was used to evaluate the flexibility of the posterior chain muscles. The Biodex Balance System® was used to evaluate balance. A handgrip dynamometer and a dorsal dynamometer were used to evaluate handgrip and trunk extensor endurance, respectively. Quadriceps and hamstring strength were evaluated with an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s. Results: No differences were observed between groups in terms of flexibility, balance, handgrip isometric endurance or quadriceps and hamstring strength; however, PFs (81.33) showed more isometric trunk extension endurance than GFs (68.85) (p= 0.02). Both groups had low values for hamstring/quadriceps ratio. Conclusion: No significant biomechanical differences were observed between PFs and GFs. Level of Evidence: 2b [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5 (PCL-5) and the Life Events Checklist 5 (LEC-5) for the Brazilian sociolinguistic context. Method: The adaptation process sought to establish conceptual, semantic, and operational equivalence between the original items of the questionnaire and their translated versions, following standardized protocols. Initially, two researchers translated the original version of the scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Next, a native English speaker performed the back-translation. Quantitative and qualitative criteria were used to evaluate the intelligibility of items. Five specialists compared the original and translated versions and assessed the degree of equivalence between them in terms of semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual aspects. The degree of agreement between the specialists was measured using the content validity coefficient (CVC). Finally, 28 volunteers from the target population were interviewed in order to assess their level of comprehension of the items. Results: CVCs for items from both scales were satisfactory for all criteria. The mean comprehension scores were above the cutoff point established. Overall, the results showed that the adapted versions' items had adequate rates of equivalence in terms of concepts and semantics. Conclusions: The translation and adaptation processes were successful for both scales, resulting in versions that are not only equivalent to the originals, but are also intelligible for the population at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the public health issues related to the recent immigration of Haitians to Brazil. Thousands of Haitian immigrants arrived in Brazil in 2010, attracted by the prospect of work in the country's growing economy. Brazil's national health system, Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), faces challenges in providing adequate medical care to the immigrants due to linguistic barriers and identifying and minimizing the risk of reintroducing infectious diseases. The article focuses on two diseases, lymphatic filariasis and cholera, and discusses the potential for their reintroduction in Brazil. The authors propose several points for consideration, including offering testing and treatment for lymphatic filariasis and considering mass screening and/or presumptive antibiotic treatment to prevent the introduction of cholera. The article emphasizes the need for collaboration between various organizations and sensitivity in conducting public health initiatives for immigrant populations. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) is a self-report measure largely used to evaluate the presence of PTSD. Objective: To investigate the internal consistency, temporal reliability and factor validity of the Portuguese language version of the PCL used in Brazil. Methods: A total of 186 participants were recruited. The sample was heterogeneous with regard to occupation, sociodemographic data, mental health history, and exposure to traumatic events. Subjects answered the PCL at two occasions within a 15 days' interval (range: 5-15 days). Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficients indicated high internal consistency for the total scale (0.91) and for the theoretical dimensions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) (0.83, 0.81, and 0.80). Temporal reliability (test-retest) was high and consistent for different cutoffs. Maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted and oblique rotation (Promax) was applied. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index (0.911) and Bartlett's test of sphericity (X² = 1,381.34, p < 0.001) indicated that correlation matrices were suitable for factor analysis. The analysis yielded three symptom clusters which accounted for 48.9% of the variance, namely, intrusions, avoidance, and numbing-hyperarousal. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional data regarding the psychometric properties of the PCL, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor validity. Results are discussed in relation to PTSD theoretical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of this study is the evaluation of a work environment based on the Methodology of Ergonomic Assessment of the Built Environment – MEAC (Villarouco, V., 2007. Is the environment adequate? Proceedings of the 1st Brazilian meeting of the built environment and 2nd Brazilian seminar of accessibility (In Portuguese). Recife, Brazil, Villarouco, V., 2008. Designing a methodology to evaluate the ergonomic environment. Proceedings of the Brazilian Congress of ergonomics (In Portuguese). Porto Seguro: ABERGO, Villarouco, V., 2009. An ergonomic look at the work environment. Proceedings of IEA 2009: 17th World Congress on ergonomics. Beijing, China: IEA – International Ergonomics Association). An attempt was made to identify factors of the built space that most significantly influence how work activities are undertaken, based on the evaluation of the space of a government management audit and accounting department. The evaluation was made over two steps: before and after alterations made to the space, which allowed a comparison to be made between the adaptability of the spaces and the activities. The methodological procedure applied in this study allowed an analysis that set out to identify the interactions between the variables of the built environment and how the activities were undertaken. This method of applying ergonomics to the design of built environments showed that some characteristics of the spaces influence the costs of production, human costs and the efficiency of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The open-plan office is a layout used in government offices in Brazil aimed at saving on space occupied and integrating employees. However, the design of these work-stations must follow the characteristics of tasks and their interrelationships, since adverse physical and organizational conditions may have a negative impact on work productivity. From this perspective, this study sought to identify, from the viewpoint of the ergonomics of the built environment, the adequacy of the open-plan government offices for financial auditing accounts and analyzing documents. Use was made of the Ergonomic Methodology for Evaluating the Built Environment - MEAC (in Portuguese) which systematically analyzes the physical space, by using a mix of physical-spatial assessments and tools for identifying how the environment is perceived. The MEAC was employed in three analytical phases of the physical aspects, namely: an analytical phase of the user's perception; a diagnostic phase; and a final phase of propositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the diet of two sympatric species of leaf-frogs, Phyllomedusa rohdei and P. burmeisteri, captured in a cacao plantation in the Atlantic forest domain of southern Bahia, using stomach-flushing. The most important prey categories for P. rohdei were Araneae, larval Lepidoptera and Orthoptera, while for P. burmeisteri: Araneae, Coleoptera and larval Lepidoptera. Other items frequently flushed out of the frogs were plant remains, mites and skin. The snout-vent-length of the frogs was not correlated with the length and number of prey items. Our results suggest that both leaf frog species studied are opportunistic sit-and-wait predators with a high overlap in prey categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Solanum lycocarpum St.-Hil (Solanaceae) is a hairy shrub or small much-branched tree of the Brazilian Cerrado, popularly known as “fruit-of-wolf”. Considering that the induction of chromosomal mutations is involved in the process of carcinogenesis, and that S. lycocarpum is often used in folk medicine, it becomes relevant to study its effect on genetic material. In this sense, the aim of present study was to determine the possible cytotoxic, genotoxic and antigenotoxic potentials of S. lycocarpum fruits glycoalkaloid extract (SL) in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the colony forming assay, apoptosis and necrosis assay, Trypan blue exclusion dye method and mitotic index. Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential were evaluated by comet and chromosomal aberrations assays. Four concentrations of SL (4, 8, 16 and 32μg/mL) were used for the evaluation of its genotoxic potential. The DNA damage-inducing agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 22μg/mL) was utilized in combination with extract to evaluate a possible protective effect. The results showed that SL was cytotoxic at concentrations above 32μg/mL by the colony forming assay. For apoptosis and necrosis assay, the concentration of 64μg/mL of SL showed statistically significant increase in cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, while the concentrations of 128 and 256μg/mL of SL demonstrated statistically significant increase in cell death by necrosis, compared with the control group. Analysis of cell viability by Trypan blue exclusion indicated >96% viability for treatments with concentrations up to 32μg/mL of SL. No significant differences in MI were observed between cultures treated with different concentrations of SL (4, 8, 16 and 32μg/mL) alone or in combination with MMS and the negative control, indicating that these treatments were not cytotoxic. The comet and chromosomal aberrations assays revealed that SL does not display genotoxic activity. Moreover, the different concentrations of SL showed protective effect against both genomic and chromosomal damages induced by MMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuromuscular efficiency of the vastus medialis obliquus and postural balance in high-performance soccer athletes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, compared to the uninvolved leg. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 22 male professional soccer players after ACL reconstruction (4-12 months postoperatively). The athletes were submitted to functional rehabilitation with an accelerated protocol on the soccer team. They were evaluated using isokinetic dynamometer, surface electromyography and electronic baropodometer. There was no decrease or difference between neuromuscular efficiency of the VMO when comparing both the limbs after ACL reconstruction in the professional soccer athletes under treatment. The same result was found in postural balance. It can be concluded that the NME of the VMO in the involved member and postural balance were successfully re-established after the reconstruction procedure of the ACL in the sample group studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study with a convenience sample of 96 women treated for breast cancer at an outpatient service in Brazil was designed to investigate post-lymphadenectomy complications after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and sentinel lymph node biopsy and explore the associative relationships between the complications and quality of life. Clinical evaluations using perimetry, goniometry, and muscle strength test were used to evaluate the complications. Pain and quality of life were assessed by the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast. All participants had at least one complication. Incidence was higher for pain (57%), impaired shoulder strength (57%), and fibrosis (54%), followed by impaired shoulder range of motion (46%) and lymphedema (17%). The incidence of impaired shoulder flexion (P = .01) and lymphedema (P = .002) was higher in ALND group. Winged scapula (8.4%) only occurred in the ALND group. Quality of life was significantly correlated with pain (r = -0.53, P = .000) and impaired shoulder strength in flexion (r = 0.4; P = .000) and abduction (r = -0.5, P = .000). Future studies are needed to prospectively investigate the onset of the complications and identify appropriate interventions to promote quality of life in women treated for breast cancer.

Purpose: To describe the translation and adaptation of the Social Support Network Inventory (SSNI) to Brazilian Portuguese., Methods: The SSNI is a widely used, reliable, and valid instrument, designed to measure social support among English-speaking people. The questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Brazilian-Portuguese language by the back-translation method. The translated version was evaluated in a sample of 120 Brazilian women in treatment for breast cancer., Findings and Conclusions: Internal consistency and construct validity were examined, and the psychometric properties of the translated instrument were good. The translated SSNI was easily understood by the respondents and did not present difficulty during the interviews. The Portuguese version of the SSNI is a valid instrument to assess social support among Portuguese-speaking patients.