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This paper presents a comparative study about the male teacher who works in the elementary public education in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil and in Aveiro - Portugal. We intended, fundamentally, to investigate the consequences of teachers' professional choice who are engaged in area typically associated to women, this association is so strong that these teachers looks like a "foreign body" in quotidian of "elementary" public schools. We use the quantitative and qualitative research methodology according to a multimodal and mixed research model that converges such approaches taking advantage of their advantages, questionnaires were applied and narrative interviews were conducted. The research is based on a sample of 209 public school teachers who previously answered a questionnaire (objective and subjective), 60 from the Aveiro District (Portugal) and 149 from the Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), as well as in interviews with six teachers chosen at random, 3 teachers in Brazil and 3 in Portugal with different age groups. They are men who are at school rethinking the men and women roles in the professions. Because of this they suffer lots of discriminations, one of these discrimination is the homophobia against male teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aceria noxia (Trombidiformes, Eriophyidae), a new species, is described and illustrated from Amaranthus viridis (Amaranthaceae), in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ixodes amaraliFonseca, 1935 is a tick species endemic to Brazil, where it has been reported only in the Caatinga (semiarid), Cerrado (savannah), and Atlantic forest biomes. While females of I. amarali have been several times collected, the male has remained undescribed. Here we report new collections of larva, nymph, females, and one male of I. amarali from the Pará State, northern Brazil, which constitute the first records of this tick species in the Amazon biome. The male of I. amarali is morphologically described. Partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were generated from the single male and one female of I. amarali from the Amazon biome. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from 16S rRNA partial sequences showed that I. amarali (male and female) from Amazon grouped with a sequence of I. amarali from southeastern Brazil. These three sequences clustered into a monophyletic group with sequences of Ixodes loricatus Neumann, 1899, Ixodes luciae Sénevet, 1940, and Ixodes schulzei Aragão and Fonseca, 1951, which constitute the so-called "I. loricatus group". Morphological characters to separate the male of I. amarali from I. loricatus, and I. luciae are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) detection among men who deny ever engaging in penetrative sex. A questionnaire was administered to 4123 men from a cohort study of HPV natural history. Genital exfoliated cells were collected and genotyped for 36 HPV types. Eighty-eight men were classified as virgins. Log-binomial regression models identified factors associated with genital HPV detection. The prevalence of any and high-risk HPV types among 88 male virgins was 25.0% and 18.2%, respectively. Age and smoking status were associated with HPV detection. Further studies are needed to better understand the risk for HPV infection among male virgins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the effects of work on the health of nurses who work in clinical surgery departments at university hospitals in relation to physical, social and psychological suffering and pain. Methods: a quantitative transversal study was carried out between 2012 and 2013 in four institutions in a state located in the south of Brazil. We studied 65 nurses who responded to questions on their habits. We also obtained sociodemographical information on them as well as conducting an evaluation on work relational damage using an evaluation scale. Associations were checked through the use of the Chi-Sqaure and Fisher's exact test. Correlations were checked using the Spearmann test. Results: we found that physical ailments persisted and that there were connections between social and psychological pain/suffering and variable physical activities as well as connections with accidents in the work place and the option to work shifts. We noted correlations between social and psychological pain/suffering. Conclusion: nurses had their health compromised due to their work in clinical surgery departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological factors associated to medical circumcision, based on data from the Brazilian public health system. Methods: Using the Unified Health System public database between 1984 and 2010, hospital admissions associated with surgical treatment of phimosis were searched. A total of 668,818 men admitted to public hospitals who underwent circumcision were identified and included in the present study. Results: A mean±standard deviation of 47.8±13.4 circumcisions/100,000 men/year was performed through the Unified Health System for medical reasons. During the 27-year period evaluated, 1.3% of the male population required circumcision for medical reasons. Total number of circumcisions and circumcision rate increased in childhood, declined progressively after 5 years of age and rose again progressively after the sixth decade of life. In the regions of the country with better access to healthcare, 5.8% of boys aged 1 to 9 years old required circumcisions. From 1992 to 2010 there were 63 deaths associated with circumcisions (mortality rate of 0.013%). Conclusion: In conclusion, yearly circumcision rates could be estimated in Brazil, and a very low mortality rate was associated with this procedures. Circumcision is mostly performed in children in the first decade of life and a second peak of incidence of penile foreskin diseases occurs after the sixth decade of life, when circumcision is progressively performed again [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This exploratory study with a qualitative approach aimed to identify nurses' insertion and practices at Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and drugs in Säo Paulo City, Brazil. Sixteen nurses participated in the study. Data were recorded and were analyzed by dialectic hermeneutics and guided by Brazilian psychiatric reform premises. The results evidenced nurses' difficulties to take part in the care recommended at these services, as their practices are more linked up with the traditional mental health care model. Causes of this phenomenon include nurses' lack of preparation to act in psychoactive substance-related issues and lack of knowledge on specific contents that would favor their insertion into care practice in these scenarios. It is concluded that more attention should be paid to these contents in nursing education, as the legal requirement of nursing presence at these services is insufficient as a strategy to guarantee their actual insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mangrove rivulus Kryptolebias marmoratus a small cyprinodont fish native to tropical and subtropical waters from Florida to Brazil, is one of two known self-fertilizing, hermaphroditic vertebrates of which K. marmoratus displays androdioecy, a complex system of reproduction in which hermaphrodites and males are present. This study describes the behavioral repertoires observed during dyadic interactions in the laboratory. Kryptolebias marmoratus exhibited 23 distinctive acts or behaviors. Acts were divided into four categories: aggressive, submissive, neutral, and reproductive. Leading and following behaviors played important roles in the behavioral repertoires of these fish. In hermaphrodite-male dyads, males exclusively initiated the reproductive process and actively pursued hermaphrodites. When hermaphrodites were paired, there was no evidence that they behaved like other simultaneous hermaphrodites that alternate sexual roles (e.g. serranids). Hermaphrodites were extremely aggressive towards one another, and the aggressor established dominance rapidly. Male-male dyads were divided into two subdivisions based on the presence or absence of the caudal ocellus on one fish. A caudal ocellus on one male appeared to signal the possibility of a potential mating partner to males lacking it. Pairings of males without an ocellus were similar to hermaphrodite- hermaphrodite dyads in that both members of the pair were aggressive towards one another. These observations may be indicative of interactions taking place in natural communities or assemblages of fish in which both males and hermaphrodites occur and provide evidence on the role of dyadic interactions in the mixed-mating strategies [Current Zoology 56 (1): 6–17, 2010]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the testicular development and the body weight, calculate the testicular volume by three different mathematical formulas and verify the testicles form of the 33 rams of Santa Inês breed, borne between January and September 2007 and created in the South region of Espírito Santo State, Brazil. The animals were weighed and the testicles measured each 28 days, since weaning (90 days) until they reach 354 days of age. The testicular measures and the body weight increased with the age, up to 12 months. The cylinder formula better appreciated the testicular volume. The testicular form predominant up to six months of age was the long / oval and from eight months was the long. The scrotal circumference did not vary with the testicular form; however, the length and the testicular volume were bigger in the long / moderate and long forms. Heaviest rams presented long testicles. It is possible to conclude that during this period of life the lambs present quick testicular growth and weight, however, they are still developing, the cylinder formula appeared more trustful to calculate the testicular volume and due to change in the testicular form it is suggested an evaluation of the testicular volume like additional criterion in the selection of Santa Inês lambs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate suicide seasonality in the city of São Paulo within an urban area and tropical zone. Method: Suicides were evaluated using the chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) by comparing monthly, quarterly and half-yearly variations, differentiating by gender. Analyses of time series were carried out using the autocorrelation function and periodogram, while the significance level for seasonality was confirmed with the Fisher's test. Results: The suicides of the period between 1979 and 2003 numbered 11,434 cases. Differences were observed in suicides occurring in Spring and Autumn for the total sample (ANOVA: p-value = 0.01), and in the male sample (ANOVA: p-value = 0.02). For the analysis of time series, seasonality was significant only for the period of 7 months in the male sample (p-value = 0.04). Discussion: In this study, no significant seasonal differences were observed in the occurrences of suicides, with the exception of the male sample. The differences observed did not correspond with the pattern described in studies carried out in temperate zones. Some of the climatic particularities of the tropical zone might explain the atypical pattern of seasonality of suicides found in large populations within an urban area and tropical zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine and compare overweight and obesity by two anthropometric criteria, BMI and %Fat, of adults aged 20 to 40 years old. Data were collected from 400 subjects enrolled on distinct exercise training programs in Curitiba, Paraná. Subjects were organized in 4 age groups from age 20 to 40 years old. BMI and %Fat overweight and obesity criteria were those of WHO (2000) and Lohman (1992), respectively. For such, weight, stature and fours skin folds (triceps, subescapula, iliac crest and medial calf) data were collected. The excess of body weight prevalence was significantly higher (p<0.05) for %Fat (66.2%) than for BMI (45.6%) of which 53.2% were overweight and 13% obese. For BMI, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were, respectively, 36.3% and 9.3%. Accordingly to the %Fat diagnostic, a subject between ages 35-39 years old has a 300% and 45% chance of being classified as obese and overweight, respectively, than a subject aged from 20-24 years old. Likewise, for BMI, a subject has a 46% chance of being classified as overweight at the age 30-34 years old than a subject between ages 20-24 years old. This study found a prevalence of excess body weight for one out of three at the moment of enrollment. The risk of obesity, as excess of body weight, can better be identified by %F than BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]