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The management and improvement of yam productivity are associated with a good supply of essential nutrients for the growth and development of the crop that has economic viability. This research aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of foliar fertilization with Zintrac® in two yam agricultural seasons (2022/2023 and 2023/2024). Therefore, two experiments were conducted at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design was in a Latin square design with five treatments of doses of Zintrac® (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 L ha−1) and five replications. Among the production costs of yams, labor and seed acquisition were the most significant. The highest profitability index was achieved with the dose of 1L Zintrac® ha−1 in the first season and second season, which corresponded to 78.97 and 57.86%. For the first season, increments were observed in all treatments that received zinc doses with increases of 48.70, 31.22, 14.30, and 15.93% for 1, 2, 3, and 4 L of Zintrac® ha−1 compared to the dose of 0 L ha−1. On the other hand, in the second season, there was an increase only in the dose of 1 L ha−1 of Zintrac®, which corresponded to 51.3% in the net yield (ha−1) of the dose of 0 L ha−1. Therefore, foliar zinc oxide fertilization was economically viable for the yam crop, obtaining higher economic indices at the dose of 1 L ha−1. The highest cost for growing yams is using a dose of 4 L ha−1 of Zintrac®, totaling USD 6977.59 (first season) and USD 6868.33 (second season) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to analyze the application of a seaweed biofertilizer as an attenuator of salt stress on the morphophysiology of scarlet eggplants. The experiment was carried out under protected conditions in Areia, PB, Brazil, using an incomplete factorial arrangement in a randomized block design with four replications and two plants per plot by adopting the Box Central Composite Design with five electrical conductivities of irrigation water – ECiw (0.50 – control, 1.15, 2.75, 4.35 and 5.00 dS m−1) and five concentrations of seaweed biofertilizer (0 – control, 1.45, 5.00, 8.55 and 10 mL L−1). The electrical conductivity of irrigation water at values starting at 0.5 dS m−1 negatively affected the growth of scarlet eggplants. Therefore, the crop is considered sensitive to salt accumulation. The increase in electrical conductivity of irrigation water negatively affected the morphophysiology of scarlet eggplants, with reductions higher than 10% at electrical conductivity values higher than 1.37 dS m−1. Biofertilization at 6.67 mL L−1 mitigates the effects of salt stress on the gas exchange variables and the phytomass accumulation of scarlet eggplants 60 days after sowing. The seaweed biofertilizer can be used to improve the physiological and morphological performance of scarlet eggplants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract: This article aims to evaluate the use of hydroelectric potential in Brazil and the expansion of the hydroelectric power stations in Amazon, in the northern region of the country, highlighting the vulnerabilities, the impacts and the adaption possibilities of the hydroelectric energy in face to increasing socio-environmental demands and to global climate change in progress. The analysis indicates the nearly exhausted hydroelectric potential in other regions of the country, transforming the Amazon into a new “hydroelectric barn” or “new hydroelectric frontier”. The integrated management of reservoirs and multiple uses of water, the new institutional and regulatory arrangements, the technological and economic opportunities of the sector, and finally, integration with neighboring countries are treated to subsidize a sustainable use of hydroelectric potential in the Amazon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The present study describes the use of the traditional species Copaifera for treating wounds, such as ulcers scarring and antileishmanial wounds. It also relates phytochemical studies, evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity, and toxicity. The species of Copaifera with a higher incidence in the Amazon region are Copaifera officinalis, Copaifera reticulata, Copaifera multijuga Hayne. The copaiba oil is used in the Amazon’s traditional medicine, especially as anti-inflammatory ingredient, in ulcers healing, and in scarring and for leishmaniasis. Chemical studies have shown that these oils contain diterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The copaiba oil and terpenes isolated have antiparasitic activity, more promising in the amastigote form of L. amazonensis. This activity is probably related to changes in the cell membrane and mitochondria. The oil showed low cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Furthermore, it may interfere with immune response to infection and also has a healing effect. In summary, the copaiba oil is promising as leishmanicidal agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-inoculation of soybean with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. is an increasing practice in Brazil, but little is known about the conditions that maximize crop efficiency. In this study, data from field experiments run between 2009 and 2020 in Brazil were gathered to evaluate which environmental and agronomic conditions affect the response of soybean to bacterial co-inoculation. Results showed that co-inoculation of soybean increased root mass in 11%, nodule number in 5.4%, nodule mass in 10.6%, N concentration in shoots in 2.8%, grain yield and N concentration in grains in 3.2% and 3.6% respectively compared to the conventional single inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. Grain yield was used to discriminate co-inoculation efficiency, and soybean was more responsive to the simultaneous inoculation with B. japonicum and B. diazoefficiens in sandy soils, non-tillage system, tropical climate, soybean cultivars with determinate growth habit, and grain yield class lower than 3500 kg ha−1. Co-inoculation can also be important to mitigate the effects of water stress on plants. Co-inoculation of soybean with A. brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. demonstrated to be an efficient technology that contributes to the sustainability of soybean production. [Display omitted] • Co-inoculation of soybean favors root development and nodulation. • Increases in grain yields and soybean quality follow the benefits provided to roots. • Azospirillum brasilense can be inoculated in seeds, planting furrow, and leaves. • Soybean cultivars with determinate growth habit respond better to co-inoculation. • Climate, soil texture, and management system affect co-inoculation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]