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Purpose: This study assessed the accuracy of linear measurements and dental implant selection performed in a smartphone application compared to a computer software. Materials and Methods: Forty-four DICOM files from the posterior mandible in partially edentulous patients were evaluated by three trained and calibrated examiners. Images were analyzed using three visualization methods: cross-sectional view (CScr) and coronal (CSco) plane using the CS 3D Imaging software, and coronal (DRco) plane using the DroidRender smartphone application. For standardization, bone width and height measurements were taken in the edentulous posterior mandible, 10 mm posterior to the mental foramen. Implants were selected according to the 2022/2023Straumann Standard implant catalog. Linear measurements were compared using repeated-measures ANOVA, and implant selection was compared using Friedman test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Linear measurements showed a statistically significant difference for bone width (P = .030), but not for height (P = .685). The choice of implant was not influenced by the visualization method (P = .614). Conclusions: It is possible to suggest the use of smartphone applications as an additional diagnostic tool for DICOM evaluation and implant planning in the posterior mandible. Smartphone applications allow an assessment not limited to 2D images or to static environments. Therefore, information exchange and diagnostic opinion in emergency situations may be facilitated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of supportive periodontal treatment (SPT) on peri-implant disease prevention. A total of 63 rehabilitated patients with 504 implants were selected with both maxillary and mandibular Brånemark-type protocols (all-on-four system) placed between 2004 and 2014 in a private practice with 5 to 15 years of follow-up. Study participants were divided into those who adhered to SPT with regular intervals of two or more times a year (Group 1) and those with irregular intervals with more than 1 year without attending SPT (Group 2). The implants placed were evaluated clinically and radiographically to assess peri-implant diseases. The prevalence of mucositis and peri-implantitis in the total population was 64.7% (326 implants) and 3.7% (19 implants), respectively. Group 2 had higher rates of mucositis (181 implants) and peri-implantitis (16 implants) than Group 1 (145 and 3 implants, respectively) (P < .05). The odds ratio for periimplantitis in Group 2 was 7.1. The results suggest that patients who regularly received SPT had lower chances of developing peri-implant diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) can cause significant pain and loss of aesthetics and function if not treated properly. However, diagnosis still relies on detailed intraoral examinations and imaging. Prognosis varies even among patients with similar stages or conditions of MRONJ, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of its complex mechanisms. Thus, this study aimed to identify the oral microbiota of patients with MRONJ. Methods: This single-center prospective cohort study included patients with confirmed MRONJ who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Yonsei University Dental Hospital between 2021 and 2022. Oral swab samples were collected from the affected and unaffected sides of each patient. The composition and enumeration of the microbial communities were analyzed, and the diversity was compared to verify ecological changes in the groups using a next-generation sequencing-based 16S metagenomic analysis. A statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test with SPSS version 22, and values of P less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The final study sample included 12 patients. The mean age was 82.67 ± 5.73 (range, 72–90) years. Changes in microbial composition were observed at different taxonomic levels (phylum, genus, and species). The identified microorganisms were commonly associated with periodontitis, gingival disease, and endodontic infection, suggesting a multifactorial etiology of MRONJ. Conclusions: Although this study is based on a small number of cases, it shows that MRONJ is not caused by a specific microorganism but can rather be caused by a variety of factors. By addressing these findings in large-scale studies, the significance of oral microbiome in pathogenesis can be further elucidated and can facilitate the development of effective therapeutic interventions for patients with MRONJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the frequency of osteonecrosis of the jaw in bisphosphonate users submitted to dental procedures. Methods: This systematic review searched the sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library, with no restriction on language or publication date. Reviewers, in pairs and independently, selected the studies, extracted their data, and assessed the risk of bias. Meta‐analyses were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. Results: A total of 27 studies (5391 participants) were included. The most reported bisphosphonates were zoledronate (n = 17 studies) and alendronate (n = 19) for treating cancers (n = 11) and osteoporosis (n = 16), respectively. Twelve studies were of low methodological quality. The frequency of osteonecrosis was 2.7% (95% CI: 0.9–5.2%) and proved higher for intravenous [6.9% (0.7–17.3%)] than oral [0.2% (0.9–5.2%)] bisphosphonate use. No association between longer treatment duration and greater frequency of osteonecrosis was observed. Conclusions: Higher frequency of osteonecrosis was observed in intravenous bisphosphonate users submitted to dental extraction. Further studies collecting more detailed information on the bisphosphonates used and of greater methodological rigor are warranted to confirm these findings and better inform prescribers, dental surgeons, and other professionals on risks of bisphosphonate use in this patient group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of different implant-based prostheses on swallowing threshold, dietary intake, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods: This prospective paired controlled clinical trial followed partially edentulous subjects, who sequentially used implant-supported removable partial dentures and implant-supported fixed partial dentures (IFPDs). Swallowing threshold was assessed by counting the masticatory cycles and median particle size (X50) calculation. Nutritional intake was verified by a 3-day food record. OHRQoL was measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49). Data were evaluated with repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: Twelve subjects (mean age 62.6 ± 7.8 years; range, 55 to 87) took part in the study. IFPD treatment significantly reduced X50 values and the number of chewing cycles. Higher intake of fiber, calcium, and iron and lower consumption of cholesterol-rich food were observed after IFPD use. OHIP summary score and OHIP physical pain domain were lower with the IFPD. Conclusion: IFPD use leads to more efficient mastication and improves dietary intake and OHRQoL. This information will guide dentists to better clinical management of partially edentulous patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To evaluate the effects of fixture design and surface on the early bone formation around immediately loaded implants inserted in the human posterior maxilla. Materials and Methods. Ten totally edentulous subjects received two transitional implants: one tapered implant with knife-edge threads/nanostructured calcium-incorporated surface (test: Anyridge®, Megagen, Gyeongbuk, South Korea) and one cylindrical implant with self-tapping threads/sandblasted surface (control: EZPlus®, Megagen). The implants were placed according to a split-mouth design and immediately loaded to support an interim complete denture; after 8 weeks, they were removed for histologic/histomorphometric analysis. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) and the bone density (BD%) were calculated. The Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate the differences. Results. With test implants, a mean BIC% and BD% of 35.9 (±9.1) and 31.8 (±7.5) were found. With control implants, a mean BIC% and BD% of 29.9 (±7.6) and 32.5 (±3.9) were found. The mean BIC% was higher with test implants, but this difference was not significant (p=0.16). Similar BD% were found in the two groups (p=0.9). Conclusions. In the posterior maxilla, under immediate loading conditions, implants with a knife-edge thread design/nanostructured calcium-incorporated surface seem to increase the peri-implant endosseous healing properties, when compared to implants with self-tapping thread design/sandblasted surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe co-existence of depression and psychotic experiences (PEs) is associated with more pronounced adverse health outcomes compared to depression alone. However, data on its prevalence and correlates are lacking in the general adult population, and there is no published data on its association with chronic physical conditions.MethodCross-sectional, community-based data from 201 337 adults aged ⩾18 years from 47 low- and middle-income countries from the World Health Survey were analyzed. The presence of past 12-month PE and DSM-IV depression was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Information on six chronic medical conditions (chronic back pain, edentulism, arthritis, angina, asthma, diabetes) were obtained by self-report. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed.ResultsThe crude overall prevalence of co-morbid depression/PEs was 2.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3–2.7%], with the age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ranging from 0.1% (Sri Lanka, Vietnam) to 9.03% (Brazil). Younger age, urban setting, current smoking, alcohol consumption, and anxiety were significant correlates of co-existing depression/PEs. Co-occurring depression/PEs was associated with significantly higher odds for arthritis, angina, and diabetes beyond that of depression alone after adjusting for sociodemographics, anxiety, and country, with odds ratios (depression/PEs v. depression only) being: arthritis 1.30 (95% CI 1.07–1.59, p = 0.0086); angina 1.40 (95% CI 1.18–1.67, p = 0.0002); diabetes 1.65 (95% CI 1.21–2.26, p = 0.0017).ConclusionsThe prevalence of co-existing depression/PEs was non-negligible in most countries. Our study suggests that when depression/PE or a chronic condition (e.g. arthritis, angina, diabetes) is detected, screening for the other may be important to improve clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Giordani JMA, de Slavutzky SMB, Koltermann AP, Pattussi MP. Inequalities in prosthetic rehabilitation among elderly people: the importance of context. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 230-238. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S It has been demonstrated that social, economic, and environmental factors may influence individuals' oral health conditions, particularly among vulnerable groups such as elderly people. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between contextual factors and the need for full dental prosthesis among elderly people. This was a cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study of multilevel nature, with two levels of analysis: individual and contextual (municipal). Data at the individual level were obtained from oral clinical examinations (WHO criteria) in 5349 individuals aged 65-74. Data at the contextual level were obtained from the United Nations Development Program for the 250 Brazilian municipalities participating in the survey. The outcome was the need for a full dental prosthesis for at least one arch. Exposures at the contextual level included socioeconomic, demographic, and dental service data. Data analysis used multilevel logistic regression. After controlling for individual socioeconomic, demographic, and dental service variables, the chance of needing full prosthesis was higher in municipalities with lower educational levels than in better-off ones (OR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.09-2.27) and lower in municipalities with fewer dentists (per capita) (OR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.97), compared to those with more dentists. This study can contribute to the identification of priority municipalities, helping healthcare authorities and communities to formulate equitable public oral healthcare policies that improve the quality of life for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]