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The lesser anteater Tamandua tetradactyla is possibly the most common member of the order Pilosa and occurs in almost all tropical environments in South America. Although commonly recorded in mammal inventories, this species is not abundant, and little is known about its ecology. The food habits of the species are mainly based on ants, but the type and contribution of other arthropods to the diet, especially termites, remains a subject little discussed in the literature. In the present study, we carried out a comprehensive assessment of stomach contents of 16 roadkilled anteaters found in grassland ecosystems in the Brazilian Pampa. We found 73,890 prey, with ant and termite species being the most representative dietary resources. Ants were present in 100% of the stomachs and represented more than 85% of all items consumed, totaling 34 species. Termites were present in 62.5% of the stomachs and represented 14.6% of all items consumed and, summed up five species. We also found six other arthropod taxa but with an insignificant proportion of the biomass intake. Our results contribute to increase knowledge on T. tetradactyla feeding habits in the subtropical grasslands of Southern Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Bats represent a diverse and ecologically significant mammalian group characterized by different feeding habits. Despite the gut microbiota influence on feeding habits, microbiome studies are scarce in South American bats, in a region considered a hot spot for bat biodiversity. Our study in Southern Brazil compared the gut microbiota of four bat species with different diets: nectarivorous, frugivorous, insectivorous, and hematophagous. We found that each species had unique gut microbiotas linked to their dietary habits, impacting their metabolic potentials. The presence of potentially harmful bacteria varied with feeding habits, suggesting a correlation between diet and microbial pathogens in bats. These insights emphasize the importance of preserving diverse habitats and food sources to support the conservation of bats and their ecosystems. Bats are a diverse and ecologically important group of mammals that exhibit remarkable diversity in their feeding habits. These diverse feeding habits are thought to be reflected in the composition and function of their gut microbiota, which plays important roles in nutrient acquisition, immune function, and overall health. Despite the rich biodiversity of bat species in South America, there is a lack of microbiome studies focusing on bats from this region. Such studies could offer major insights into conservation efforts and the preservation of biodiversity in South America. In this work, we aimed to compare the gut microbiota of four bat species with different feeding habits from Southern Brazil, including nectarivorous, frugivorous, insectivorous, and hematophagous bats. Our findings demonstrate that feeding habits can have a significant impact on the diversity and composition of bat gut microbiotas, with each species exhibiting unique metabolic potentials related to their dietary niches. In addition, the identification of potentially pathogenic bacteria suggests that the carriage of microbial pathogens by bats may vary, depending on feeding habits and host-specific factors. These findings provide novel insights into the relationship between bat feeding habits and gut microbiota composition, highlighting the need to promote diverse habitats and food sources to support these ecologically important species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep problems are common in children and adolescents, particularly those with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. With the changes in daily habits resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, we have analyzed sleep characteristics, during social isolation, in Brazilian children and adolescents aged between 4 and 12 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder (N = 267), Down Syndrome (N = 74), and typical development (N = 312). The ASD group presented with worse indicators of sleep habits in the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-BR) and fell asleep later during the pandemic. The entire group started fall asleep and waking up later during the pandemic - as well as waking up more often during the night. These results may contribute to parental guidance and sleep habit-related interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Marine Mammal Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Assistive technologies have allowed people with disabilities to perform daily tasks with greater independence and autonomy, especially for visually impaired people. Using smart home solutions allows these users to control their homes with less cognitive and physical demand. However, making such applications accessible to meet the needs of visually impaired users, especially in developing countries, remains a challenge. This paper investigates the perceptions of these users about home automation technologies through semi-structured interviews. A total of 20 visually impaired people participated in the interviews. A thematic analysis revealed results concerning the following themes: (1) how people go about their lives at home and around, how people interact with current appliances, objects and environments, (3) how people perceive their attitude to technologies, (4) the Brazilian context of smart homes, (5) what people think smart homes should do and (6) envisaging ways of interacting with smart home systems. The results obtained provide significant insight into the needs of visually-impaired people in Brazil, with analysis of issues that are common with previous studies in more developed countries and specific issues that have important particularities and implications in Brazil and other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universitas Scientiarum is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the self-reported SB prevalence and explore associated risk factors in puerperal women who had given birth in Rio Grande, Southern Brazil. Methods: A single, standardized questionnaire was given within the 48 h postpartum period. Self-reported SB was the main outcome investigated. Chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment was used in the multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 2225 women were included. Only 79 (3.6%) of these reported clenching or grinding their teeth during sleep. Adjusted analysis showed that the higher education level of the mothers (PR = 3.07; 95% CI 1.49–6.28; P = 0.006); living with three or more persons in the household (PR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.34–0.84; P = 0.007); medication intake during pregnancy (PR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.09–2.58; P = 0.017); smoking (PR = 1.93; 1.16–3.23; P = 0.024), or ever smoked (PR = 1.82; 95% CI 0.85–3.90; P = 0.024); severe anxiety (PR = 1.36; 95% CI 0.61–3.02; P = 0.005); and headache upon waking (PR = 4.19; 95% CI 1.95–9.00; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with self-reported SB. Conclusion for Practice: Our data pointed towards new factors in a specific group of women that may be relevant for preventing sleep-related behaviors in the pregnancy–puerperal cycle. The higher levels of education, medication intake, smoking or even smoked, severe anxiety, the higher the probability of puerperal woman to self-report SB. The nighttime tooth clenching strongly increased headache upon waking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Investigate the association between sleep disorders and probable sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren in Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the sleep disturbance scale for children, and the Circadian Energy Scale. Parafunctional habits were evaluated using the Nordic Orofacial Test‐Screening. Multivariate logistic regression was performed (α = 5%), and a directed acyclic graph was used in the statistical model. Results: The prevalence of probable SB was 9.1% and 58.6% of the children had sleep disorders. In the final model, having unmarried parents/guardians (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.07–3.65), exhibiting parafunctional habits (OR = 2.02; CI: 1.01–4.06), not practicing sports (OR = 1.92; CI: 1.04–3.54), sleep‐wake transition disorders (SWTD) (OR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.12–3.62), and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (OR = 2.17; 95%CI: 1.11–4.29) were significant associated with probable SB. Conclusion: The occurrence of probable sleep bruxism was influenced by the marital status of the parents/guardians, parafunctional habits, the non‐practice of sports, and sleep disturbance (SWTD and EDS). This research contributes to the planning of public policies that include educational regimens at school to prevent sleep disorders and favor the reduction in sleep bruxism prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roosting habits of disk-winged bats of the genus Thyroptera (Chiroptera: Thyropteridae) have been unknown to very poorly known except for those of the commonly encountered T. tricolor. Many secondary literature publications state that roosting habits of Thyroptera in general are those of tricolor, known to roost almost exclusively in vertical, unfurling large leaves, especially of native Heliconia and introduced banana (genus Musa). However, so far as known, no other species of Thyroptera chooses such roosts. Until 1993, the only species of Thyroptera known were tricolor and discifera--they had been the only two known for 139 years. During this long period, the unique roosting habits of tricolor often were attributed to the genus as a whole, as sometimes still happens today. Now there are three more known species--lavali, devivoi, and wynneae. In this paper, we correct misconceptions concerning roosting habits in Thyroptera, summarize what is known for all five species, and provide the first detailed observations on roosting in discifera. Thyroptera discifera has been found roosting attached to the underside of a palm leaflet or leaflets in Brazil and in conically curled portions of dead banana leaves in Costa Rica. Los hábitos de selección de refugios de los murciélagos de ventosas del género Thyroptera (Chiroptera: Thyropteridae) han sido desconocidos o muy poco conocidos, con excepción a los hábitos de T. tricolor, que es la especie que se encuentra comúnmente. Muchas publicaciones de literatura secundaria afirman que los hábitos de selección de refugio de los Thyroptera en general son los mismos que los de tricolor, que son conocidos por descansar casi exclusivamente en hojas grandes verticales y parcialmente enrolladas, especialmente hojas de Heliconia nativa y banano introducido (género Musa). Sin embargo, por el momento no se conoce ninguna otra especie de Thyroptera que elija este tipo de refugio. Hasta 1993, las únicas especies de Thyroptera conocidas eran tricolor y discifera y habían sido las únicas dos especies conocidas durante 139 años. Durante este largo período, los hábitos particulares de selección de refugios de tricolor frecuentemente se atribuyeron a todo género, como a veces todavía sucede hoy en día. Actualmente se conocen tres especies más en este género: lavali, devivoi y wynneae. En este artículo, corregimos los conceptos erróneos sobre selección de refugios en Thyroptera, resumimos lo que se conoce de las cinco especies y brindamos las primeras observaciones detalladas sobre la selección de refugios de discifera. Thyroptera discifera se ha encontrado descansando adherido a la parte inferior de un folíolo o folíolos de palma en Brasil y en porciones de hojas muertas de plátano enrolladas cónicamente en Costa Rica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To verify whether access to information about oral hygiene influenced the practices of caregivers of children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus (ZIKV). Methods: A case series study was developed at the Mens Sana Rehabilitation Center, in the municipality of Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil. The study universe included the mothers of 32 children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus. Data collection took place in June 2018 and was carried out through a structured questionnaire. The variables studied comprised socioeconomic issues, habits, diet, and knowledge about oral hygiene. Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi‐square tests were used with a significance level of 5%. Results: Out of 32 individuals eligible to participate in the study, only 27 were selected. Most mothers reported receiving information about oral hygiene from their infants (63.0%). Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi‐square tests showed that access to oral hygiene information was associated with mother's education, family income, regular visits to the dentist, frequency of tooth brushing, age at which the infant started brushing, and brushing time (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Access to information about oral hygiene positively influenced the oral health care of mothers with their children with microcephaly caused by ZIKV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Evidence exists which suggests that a vegetarian diet is a predisposing factor to erosive tooth wear. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of dietary pattern (vegetarian, lacto-ovo vegetarian and omnivore) on erosive tooth wear.Materials and Methods: Two hundred seven subjects (29 vegetarians, 96 lacto-ovo vegetarians and 82 omnivores) underwent an oral assessment and were asked to answer questionnaires about diet and oral care.Results: Individuals who followed vegetarian and lacto-ovo vegetarian diets had statistically significantly more erosive tooth wear than did omnivores (p = 0.004). Conversely, omnivores presented more tooth loss than did lacto-ovo vegetarians (p = 0.027). Being a vegetarian or a lacto-ovo vegetarian entailed an increased risk (4 times and 2.5 times, respectively) of presenting erosive tooth wear than being omnivorous.Conclusion: Vegetarian and lacto-ovo vegetarian dietary patterns seem to favour the loss of dental structure by erosion. Vegetarian patients should thus be informed about preventive measures and treated accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Young people tend to spend most of their time in activities involving inappropriate positions, which can promote musculoskeletal alterations and disorders. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in young people and analyse its associations with daily postural habits. METHODS: Cross-sectional and retrospective study evaluating 679 Brazilian young people (15 to 18 years old), using questionnaires about LBP and awareness of postural habits. The prevalence values were calculated for the present moment, the last three months and throughout life. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi-square test were applied. RESULTS: The prevalence of LBP at the present moment was 27.2%, 57.7% over the last three months and 73.9% throughout life. Boys and girls presented significantly different values, a larger number of girls manifesting pain for the three moments. The associated postural habits were: turning the body, reduction of lumbar lordosis when seated, not placing the feet on the floor, crossing the legs when sitting in the classroom and at home, sitting or lying in an inappropriate position, and distributing the body asymmetrically on the legs when standing. CONCLUSIONS: Young people from 15 to 18 years of age show a high prevalence of low back pain. Inadequate postural habits adopted during everyday activities are associated with this complaint. These findings could contribute to the implementation of prevention and rehabilitation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pensares em Revista is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mosquito blood feeding plays a key role in epidemiology. Despite its importance and large number of studies worldwide, less attention has been paid in South America. We summarized some general concepts and methodological issues related to the study of mosquito blood feeding habits, and compiled and analyzed all published information regarding the subject in the continent until 2020. Available literature comprised 152 scientific studies, that pursued different approaches: human landing catches (102 studies), baited trap (19), and blood meal analyses of collected specimens (38). Among the latter, 23 used serological and 15 molecular techniques. Species most frequently studied were those incriminated in malaria transmission, whereas relevant vectors such as Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Haemagogus janthinomys were surprisingly neglected. Brazil was the leading country both in number of works and species studied. For over 70% of the species and three out of 13 South American countries there is no single information on mosquito blood feeding habits. Data from baited traps included 143 mosquito species, 83.9% of which were attracted to humans, either exclusively (10.5%) or in combination with other vertebrates (73.4%). Host blood identification of field collected specimens provided data on 102 mosquito species, and 60.8% of these fed on humans (55.9% combined with other vertebrates). Only 17 of the 73 species assessed by both methods yielded similar feeding patterns. Finally, supplementary tables are provided in a comprehensive summary of all information available and information gaps are highlighted for future research in the continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature has constantly been used by female and male writers as a tool for denunciation, social criticism, a space of reflection on the human condition, for human rights, the right to literature for writers from outlying ghettos and for the right to the act of writing. With this idea in mind, this article discusses the poetry of exclusion and the social portrait of the ghetto in the narrative of Conceição Evaristo. The outflying ghettos are a fertile environment where literature is strongly present. The literature from the ghettos intends to give voice to those excluded from society, in a new movement that came to diversify literary production and encourage reading habits on these marginalized environments. Exclusion is not simply an economical process, as it encompasses countless particularities of the social, cultural, and political life of those who are distant from the spaces of power. In this regard, Conceição Evaristo is understood as a writer that represents the themes of fighting against racial prejudice, of resistance, of the valorization of memories, oralities, and many others. The short story 'A gente combinamos de não morrer', from the book Olhos D'água (2014), by Conceição Evaristo, illustrates the reality of pain, exclusion, and violence of the black population of Brazil, who is routinely neglected by society. Guiding the theoretical framework are the thoughts of Candido (1995), Rama (2015), Schwarz (1983), Dalcastagnè (2008, 2012), Nascimento (2006), Mbembe (2018), among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we aim to contribute to research on the meaning of experiences by studying families visiting zoos - specifically in the context of Latin America. To this end, in this case study, we investigate conversations that occurred during family visits to Parque das Aves (Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil). The results show that families had conversations that were scientific in nature, frequently naming bird species, and commenting on their behaviors and habits. However, few comments truly deepened the discussions of and reflections on biological and ecological scientific knowledge. Conversations centered around the reading of informative panels, emotional connections, and previous experiences enhanced the families' creation of meaning. Our findings suggest a missed opportunity for interpretation to use linkages between the observed birds and visitors' daily lives to enhance emotional connections with these species and to deeper key concepts about conservation of biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psilorrhynchus bifasciatus (Blanchard, 1844) is broadly distributed through South America, but its biology, behaviour and life cycle are unknown. The most characteristic feature of the adults is slender rostrum, presumably associated to a specialised feeding habit. However, new observations of P. bifasciatus feeding on nectar in infl orescences of Matayba guianensis Aubl. (Sapindaceae) do not support such a hypothesis. Here, we describe and illustrate their early larval instars in details and compare them with the other Chauliognathini. The larvae are remarkably characterised especially by a long and thick pubescence, conspicuous roughness on the head and thoracic terga, and head with sharp lateral projections. These features are unique amongst the known Cantharidae larvae and do not confi rm a previous hypothesis of close affi nity between Psilorrhynchus Gemminger & Harold, 1869 and bromeliad-inhabiting Chauliognathini species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intention of this study is to introduce reflections about pedagogical categories 'interest' and 'effort' that were discussed by the American philosopher John Dewey (1859-1952), which had a huge repercussion in educational debates in Brazil. Regarding Deweyan thought, it is emphasized that, in Brazilian educational historiography, there is no agreement among his educational and social perspectives. In relation to pedagogical categories, specifically 'interest' and 'effort', there is no convergence on their meanings and dispositions in the educational act. Moreover, a bibliographic research was carried out prioritizing the descriptors: 'interest', 'effort' and 'John Dewey', which made it possible to select articles, dissertations and theses on the subject. In this part, in a descriptive analysis, the intention was to point out the different readings on such categories. Then, based on the works Vida e Educação (1978) and Democracia e Educação (1936), the aforementioned categories are discussed based on Dewey's contributions. Observing this American intellectual in relation to his context, it is noteworthy that he intended to correct the problems of bourgeois democracy through an educational project. Therefore, the pedagogical categories 'interest' and 'effort' were not understood as stagnant, but interrelated - with each other and with other pedagogical categories -, composing a broad education project that presupposed a planned and teacheroriented environment. In this way, Dewey aimed to form new reflexive and social habits in individuals, believing that they could develop a more evolved and democratic society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arcos: Design, Cultura e Visualidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although cerrado trees have evolved with fire for millions of years, it is not well-understood which tree attributes are more important to survive fire in the Brazilian savanna. To address this issue, we used pre- and post-fire data on 367 cerrado trees (113 native species) planted in an arboretum in south-east Brazil and then left unburnt until 2019, when a prescribed burn was applied. Tree size (height and diameter) had been measured in 2017. Four months after the fire, we assessed tree size, relative bark thickness (bark-to-diameter ratio), leaf habit (evergreen or deciduous) and habitat preference (savanna specialist or generalist). These were the predictor variables used in generalised linear models exploring tree survival and resprouting type. Most trees survived fire: 59% resprouted epicormically, 25% resprouted basally, 6% had root suckers, and only four trees died. Basal and epicormic resprouting were related to tree size: small trees (diameter ≤ 5 cm) resprouted basally more frequently, whereas tall trees (height ≥ 3.7 m) resprouted epicormically more frequently. Our results suggest that rapid growth is more important than bark thickness, leaf habit or habitat preference to escape the fire trap, because it allows cerrado trees to reach a fire-resistant height more quickly. Rapid growth is the most important attribute in cerrado trees to avoid canopy and stem death due to fire. Tall trees (height ≥ 3.7 m) commonly recover by resprouting from the stem (59% of trees), whereas short trees (diameter ≤ 5 cm) tend to resprout from the base (25%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to calculate the encounter rate and estimate the density of medium and large-sized mammals with nocturnal habits in the Cristalino region of northern Mato Grosso, southern Amazon, Brazil, using distance sampling method. Eight species were detected with encounter rate varying from 0.09 at 1.68 encounters 10 km-1, and three population densities were estimated: Cuniculus paca (7.75 individuals km-2), Potos flavus (7.08 individuals km-2) and Mazama americana (4.23 individuals km-2). Our data help expand the information about density of nocturnal mammals in the southern Amazon region, in the transition between the Amazon and the Cerrado biomes, and can contribute to management and conservation of these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feeding habits of Urotrygon microphthalmum, a Critically Endangered (CR) species, were investigated through stomach contents analysis from specimens caught on bottom double rigged otter trawls in Pernambuco state, Brazil, between March of 2010 and March of 2012. A total of 338 stomachs were analyzed, and 31 food items were identified in the diet of U. microphthalmum. The species ingests mainly shrimps. The diets between males and females were not different, and an ontogenetic diet shift was not observed. The estimated species' trophic level is 3.5, classifying it as a secondary order consumer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consolidation and articulation between universities open up a privileged space for possible discussions, reflections and construction of significant proposals for academic actions to enable interdisciplinary technical-scientific work. The University Network on the Latin American Integration Route (UniRila) was created in 2016, with the purpose of developing actions that support feasibility studies for the Bioceanic Corridor between Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile. This paper intends to analyze the identity and cultural relationship between Porto Murtinho-Brasil and Carmelo Peralta-Paraguay with actions of UniRila perspective, emphasizing the principles and values that culture is guided by, to support a people’s cultural paradigm in their habits, beliefs, values and identities besides cultural diffusion and preservation. The research used the deductive method with a systemic scope through bibliographic and documentary surveys. Therefore, in order to better understand issues related to culture and identity processes, it is necessary to briefly note what is culture and the cultural relationships between Porto Murtinho and Carmelo Peralta as the Bioceanic Corridor is consolidated. It is inferred that the established relationship leads to the observation that the cultural intertwining will be in constant mutation or transformation as the interaction and social integration occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shrimp trawling directly impacts target species and non-target species, altering micro-habitats and marine trophic webs. Thus, the objective of the present research was to analyze the feeding habits of Paralonchurus brasiliensis as a tool to evaluate the impact of trawling on the food chains in marine environments, in the South Atlantic of Brazil. One thousand and nineteen stomachs of P. brasiliensis were dissected after being captured as bycatch of shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, in Penha, on the north central coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The number of stomachs was enough to describe the feeding habits of P. brasiliensis, characterizing it as a carnivorous species and predominantly invertivorous. They also revealed that this species has a diversified and constant diet, with greater consumption of polychaetes, crustaceans, and ofiuroides, among other components of the macrobentos, all closely related to the sediment. It was also found that the target species X. kroyeri is not an important prey in the diet of P. brasiliensis, despite occupying the same habitat. According to the present study, P. brasiliensis can be characterized as a demersal-benthic species, predator, opportunistic and broad trophic spectrum. This work contributes to the understanding of trophic chains of the coastal ecosystems, using the P. brasiliensis as a model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Retratos de Assentamentos is the property of Revista Retratos de Assentamentos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of oral parafunctions with the presence of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorder in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A cross-sectional study was performed in which one hundred and eighty-eight children with CLP and absence of associated syndromes or malformations were investigated. During clinical examination, the presence of wear facets and dental occlusion were observed and palpation was performed in the temporomandibular joint region (TMJ) and orofacial musculature. The children and their guardians were interviewed regarding the presence of oral parafunctional habits (bruxism, the act of biting the lips and/or cheeks, nail biting, sucking of fingers and pacifiers) and signs and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction (headache, ear and/or neckache, tiredness or crack in the TMJ during mouth opening and chewing movements). The data were analyzed by means of absolute and relative frequency measurements, and bivariate analysis using Pearson's chi-square test and likelihood ratio test were performed, considering the significance level of 5%. A higher prevalence of cleft lip and palate type (76.0%) and the presence of malocclusion (61.7%) was observed, highlighting the anterior crossbite (58.7%) and midline deviation (48.9%). There was a higher occurrence of teeth grinding (40.4%), onychophagy (28.7%) and biting lips and/or cheeks (28.7%). Onychophagia was associated with headache (p <0.05) and with pain or cracking during mouth opening (p <0.05). It was concluded that parafunctional oral habits may be associated with signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorder in children with cleft lip and palate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of chronic sleep restriction during adolescence is a major public health issue. Napping has been adopted to alleviate sleep pressure complaints. However, it also has the potential to amplify sleep restriction due to a vicious cycle triggered by delayed sleep times. The aim of this study was to investigate sleep and napping habits in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.Methods: This study enrolled 1554 high school students and included the evaluation of sleep times, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and circadian preference. The students were asked about their napping routine, ie its frequency and duration per week.Results: The adolescent sleep recommendation was achieved by only 27.6% of the sample. Napping habit was reported by 58.1%, with 36.2% of nappers informing naps in 1-2 times per week. Prolonged naps were reported by 44.9% of nappers. Nappers had later median bedtime (23:30) and reduced time in bed (TIB) (median = 07:00 h) compared to non-nappers. The frequency of nappers who did not achieve satisfactory TIB was higher than non-nappers. In addition, nappers reported increased daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. Later bedtimes and reduced TIB were associated with longer nap duration. Increased sleepiness and poor sleep quality were linked to a higher nap frequency.Conclusions: This exploratory survey demonstrated a severe sleep restriction faced by Brazilian adolescents. Napping can be an efficient strategy to counteract sleep restriction, but it needs to be adopted with caution due to the detrimental effects of frequent and prolonged naps on nocturnal sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicação Pública is the property of Escola Superior de Comunicacao Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lychnocephalus cipoensis, L. grazielae, and L. jolyanus, three new species from the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Plateau, are hereby described and illustrated. Lychnocephalus is characterized by its tomentose to densely lanate branches, heads organized in third order syncephalia and inner pappus series with twisted setae and narrowed apex. These new species are microendemic in the campos rupestres of Serra do Cipó, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, and were previously misidentified as other species of the genus. However, they are distinguished by their habit, leaf arrangement, leaf shape and size, presence or absence of petiole, number of florets per head, and number of pappus series, among other characteristics discussed here. These new species are described and illustrated, their affinities discussed, and a key to all species of Lychnocephalus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estúdio (1647-6158) is the property of Revista Estudio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From the understanding that soccer enables us to reflect upon issues related to identity, social life, and disputes within a certain society, this article aims to investigate the influence of sport on the socio-spatial configuration of Mariana, Minas Gerais - Brazil, through the rivalry between the two traditional clubs of the city: Marianense Soccer Club and Guarany Soccer Club. Considering the dynamics of communicative processes and social interactions, this work deals with oral narratives collected by means of interviews conducted with residents of the municipality who had experienced this rivalry strength, which peaked and declined in the twentieth century. The memories reveal that the dichotomy between Marianense and Guarany concerning private, public, and sportive spaces 1) generated geographic and symbolic movement in a city that was stagnated ever since the end of the gold cycle and, driven by soccer clubs, 2) developed new habits, relationships, and civilization aspects, revealing structural questions related to politics, ethnics, and social class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Pentacalia belongs to the tribe Senecioneae. It is represented by approximately 160 species predominantly distributed in the Andes. Species of Pentacalia are characterized by having a scandent habit, usually alternate leaves, axillary or terminal capitulescence, homogamous or heterogamous capitula, commonly yellow ray-florets, yellowish, creamy, or whitish disc-florets, sagittate to caudate anther-bases, and cypselae with five to ten ribs. The aim of the present study was to perform a taxonomic treatment of Pentacalia in Brazil, where it is represented by two species, P. desiderabilis and P. tropicalis, from the Atlantic Forest Domain. Detailed descriptions, taxonomic discussions, geographical distributions, an identification key, illustrations and a new record of P. tropicalis for the Northeast Region are presented. Moreover, three names (Senecio desiderabilis, S. ellipticus, and S. tropicalis) are lectotypified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Amazon possesses the largest fluvial system on the planet, harboring a diverse biota. Still, many species remain undescribed, because of the Amazon's immense scale and complexity, and because many habitats are now increasingly under pressure from anthropogenic activities. Macrophytes are important to physical and biological processes in aquatic ecosystems but remain poorly studied in Northern Brazil. The objective of this study was to provide a checklist of macrophyte species that occur in municipalities that form part of the Arc of Deforestation, Pará state, Brazil, bringing information on their habits and life-forms. We sampled 36 sites at three types of aquatic ecosystems (streams, ponds and lakes). In total, we recorded 50 species, 38 genera and 24 families. Most species were amphibious or emergent. Degraded streams have environmental characteristics similar to lentic habitats, which could provide more suitable habitats for macrophytes that otherwise would not occur in lotic habitats, thus explaining the higher diversity in these ecosystems. Macrophyte diversity in this region follows similar patterns to other Brazilian regions. This study contributes to the assessment of aquatic macrophytes in the Amazon, especially in more degraded regions, such as the Amazon deforestation arc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with pre-hypertension and arterial hypertension among Munduruku indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 459 Munduruku indigenous people selected by means of stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic variables, habits and lifestyles, anthropometric data, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were evaluated. An automatic device calibrated and validated to measure blood pressure was used. The analyses of the data collected were carried out in the R software, version 3.5.1. For continuous variables, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used; for the categorical ones, Fischer's Exact. The significance level was set at 5% and p-value≤0.05. Results: the prevalence of altered blood pressure levels was 10.2% for values suggestive of hypertension and 4.1% for pre-hypertension. The risk of pre- hypertension among indigenous people was associated with being male (OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.65-4.21) and having a substantially increased waist circumference (OR=7.82; 95% CI=1.80-34.04). Regarding the risk for arterial hypertension, it was associated with age (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.12), with increased waist circumference (OR=3.89; 95% CI = 1.43-10, 54) and with substantially increased waist circumference (OR=5.46; 95% CI = 1.78-16.75). Conclusion: among Munduruku indigenous people, men were more vulnerable to developing hypertension; age and increased waist circumference proved to be strong cardiovascular risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polis (07176554) is the property of Polis - Revista Academica Universidad Bolivariana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Comunicação Pública is the property of Escola Superior de Comunicacao Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ágora is the property of Universidade do Contestado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the impact of the different types of exertional leg pain on cardiovascular function, functional capacity, and habitual physical activity levels in patients with peripheral arterial disease.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 124 patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease were included. Exertional leg pain was evaluated using the San Diego Claudication Questionnaire. Subsequently, patients were categorized into two groups according to their exertional leg pain: atypical leg pain (non-calf pain and atypical calf pain, n = 31) and intermittent claudication (classic intermittent claudication symptoms, n = 93). Cardiovascular function (blood pressure, heart rate, arterial stiffness, and heart rate variability), functional capacity (6-min walk distance, handgrip strength, and short physical performance battery), and habitual physical activity levels were measured.Results: Functional capacity and physical activity levels were similar between patients with atypical leg pain and symptoms of intermittent claudication. However, patients with classic intermittent claudication symptoms presented higher central systolic blood pressure (P = 0.028) and arterial stiffness (augmentation index and pulse pressure; P ≤ 0.001 and 0.019, respectively) compared to patients with atypical leg pain.Conclusion: The type of exertional leg pain does not influence functional capacity and habitual physical activity levels in patients with peripheral arterial disease. However, patients with classic intermittent claudication symptoms present impaired cardiovascular function compared to patients with atypical leg pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Justicia rubrobracteata, a new species from northeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to J. aequilabris due to its shrubby habit, and terminal and axillary spicate inflorescences with red flowers. However, J. rubrobracteata is differentiated mainly by the shape and color of its bracts and bracteoles as well as an orangish macula in the corolla, and a torulose capsule. In addition, J. rubrobracteata is only known from northeastern Brazil, from the states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, while J. aequilabris is widely distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. A table with the main morphological characters of both species is included, as well as photographs, a key to species of Justicia for the states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte in northeastern Brazil, a distribution map of both species, and conservation data for the new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ConScientiae Saúde is the property of Nove de Julho University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To verify a potential association between the presence of noncarious cervical lesions, parafunctional habits, and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) diagnosis. Method and Materials: Sample-size calculation provided a value of 130 participants with a confidence level of 95% and an error margin of 5%. A population of 132 volunteers (30men: mean age, 23.7 ± 3.05 years; 102 women: mean age, 24.9 ± 5.86 years) underwent an oral examination and was interviewed by a trained dentist. The following parameters were registered: personal details, TMD diagnosis, parafunctional habits, and noncariouscervical lesion presence. The population was then divided into a noncarious cervical lesion group and a control group and subjected to the t test, chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation (α = .05). Results: Nocarious lesions were present in 39% of the population, with the largest concentrations found in the maxillary premolars (32%).The data showed a significant association between noncarious cervical lesion presence, tooth clenching (P = .03), and nail biting (P = .02), as well as a relation with TMD diagnosis(Fonseca Index [P=.01] and Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD(RDC/TMD) [P = .004]).In the noncarious cervical lesion group, direct rank correlation was found between maxillary premolars and clenching (P = .03), mandibular canines and nail biting (P = .05), and mandibular incisors and parafunctional habits without dental contacts (P = .02). Conclusion: Parafunctional habits and TMD presence should be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment plan of noncarious cervical lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]