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In this article, we examine the ways digital spaces have shaped and affected how we produce and consume theatre during the COVID-19 pandemic. The case study in question consists of a retrospective analysis of the translation into Brazilian Portuguese, rehearsal process, and live digital rehearsed reading via Google Meet of Northern Irish Christina Reid's play "My Name, Shall I Tell You My Name?" ([1989] 1997). By reflecting on how digital technologies have been used as creative tools in theatre-making, we consider how the medium itself has affected the reception of the play by a small contemporary Brazilian audience.

Background: Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease that has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to compare changes in body mass index (BMI) and obesity prevalence between two cross‐sectional samples of Brazilian women. Furthermore, retrospective assessments of lifetime body weight changes were explored. Methods: Two independent population‐based cross‐sectional surveys were conducted in 2003 (first survey) and 2015 (second survey) with women living in the urban area city in southern Brazil. Both surveys had a similar design and included 981 women aged 20–60 years. Mean BMI and the presence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) were estimated. Additionally, lifetime body weight change was obtained for the retrospective longitudinal assessment. Results: After 12 years, there was a significant increase from 25.9 ± 5.3 kg/m2 to 28.1 ± 6.2 kg/m2 in mean BMI. Between 2003 and 2015, the prevalence of obesity increased by 73% (18.0%; 95% CI: 15.8–20.6 vs. 31.2%; 95% CI: 28.3–34.1; p < 0.001). The means of estimated cumulative body weight gain from 15 to 50 years were 15.2 kg (95% CI: 13.3–17.1) and 17.2 kg (95% CI: 15.5–18.9) in 2003 and 2015, respectively; the greater cumulative difference between the two periods was observed at 40 years of age (3.3 kg). Conclusions: There was a significant increase in the mean BMI and prevalence of obesity between 2003 and 2015. Moreover, women experienced higher body weight gain during their lives in both survey periods, mainly in early adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is the only species of the Canidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) endemic to Brazil, and so far has been the target of few genetic studies. Using microsatellites and mtDNA markers, we investigated its present genetic diversity and population structure. We also tested the hypothesis that this species currently hybridizes with the pampas fox (L. gymnocercus), as suggested by previous mtDNA data from two individuals. We collected tissue and blood samples from animals representing most of the two species' distributions in Brazil (n  = 87), including their recently discovered geographic contact zone in São Paulo state. We observed that the hoary fox exhibits high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population structure. We identified six individuals from São Paulo state with clear evidence of hybridization based on introgressed pampas fox mitochondrial DNA and/or admixed microsatellite genotypes (three individuals bore both types of evidence). These results demonstrate the existence of admixed individuals between hoary and pampas foxes in southeastern Brazil, representing the first identified case of interspecies admixture between native South American canids. We discuss our findings in the context of the evolutionary history of these foxes and address potential conservation implications of this interspecies hybridization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders (CMD) in women, and comparing them in two periods, 2003 and 2015. Methods: A comparative study was conducted between two surveys with representative samples of women aged 20–60 years residing in southern Brazil. The final sample included 988 and 987 women from the 2003 and 2015 surveys, respectively. The presence of CMD was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20 ≥ 8) in both surveys. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between the outcome (CMD) and variables of interest. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38.5 ± 11.1 years (2003) and 40.3 ± 11.4 years (2015). In 2003, the prevalence of CMD was 33.4% (95%CI: 30.5–36.3) and in 2015, it was 33.7% (95%CI: 30.8–36.7). Over 12 years, no significant differences were observed in the prevalence of CMD, except for a reduction in the prevalence in women of color and physically active. After adjusting, the prevalence ratios of CMD in 2003 and 2015 remained associated with low family income, a higher number of pregnancies, and tobacco use. Conclusions: This study showed a trend toward stability in the high prevalence of CMD among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish is an important source of food and income for a significant portion of the Amazonian population, especially those who live along the rivers and lakes in the region. Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855), known as surubim, is a species of Neotropical catfish widely exploited by fisheries and commercially valuable in the Guaporé River basin, Brazil. However, population dynamics are poorly known in the region. To understand the population structure and reproductive biology aspects of the surubim, monthly experimental fisheries were carried out in the São Miguel River, state of Rondônia, Brazil, between August 2020 and July 2021. The captured fish were weighed, and its gonads were removed and weighed for histological analyses (microscopic description) and classification of the maturation stages (macroscopic description). The collected gonads were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, dehydrated, cut into 4‐μm‐thick sections, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A total of 34 individuals were collected (20 females and 14 males), showing positive allometric growth and condition factor from 0.81 to 1.79 for females and males, respectively. Females were larger in size and weight than males. P. punctifer reaches its first maturation at an average length of 68.30 cm, indicating the importance of respecting the minimum capture size as an alternative to ensure the natural stocks of this fishery resource in the region. The results provide support for the establishment of public policies and actions for conservation, management, and regulation of fishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agricultural frontier in Brazil advances mainly in areas of sandy soils, where the management of soil fertility is still a challenge, including the practice of liming. Limestone dissolution was investigated under varying doses (0–40 t ha−1) in soil samples with a wide range of textural gradients (5%–74% clay). In view of textural variations and limestone rates, the objective was to generate information regarding pH, the residual liming effect, and exchangeable calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels, including under overliming conditions. Throughout the textural gradient, the pH was between 4.2 and 8.5. On more sandy soils (5%–18% clay), overheating (pH > 7) was obtained with ~ 2 t ha−1 of limestone. On clayey soils (37%–74% clay), a similar effect was obtained with ~ 10 t ha−1 of limestone, indicating the marked difference in the acid buffering capacity of these soils. In addition, the equilibrium pH in the context of overliming in sandy soil was higher (8.2) compared with clayey soils (7.8). The residual liming effect was greater in sandy soils due to the lower potential acidity. Regardless of the soil texture, the Ca/Mg ratio increased in the context of overliming. Liming must be carefully applied and requires proper recommendations, especially on sandy soils, avoiding pH ≥ 6.5, a condition that is not suitable for most crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and associated factors in female shift workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 450 female workers, aged 18 years or older (± 36.1 years), from an industry located in Southern Brazil. CMD was assessed using the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20 ≥ 8 points), and sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, morbidity, and self-rated health characteristics were assessed using a questionnaire survey. The prevalence of CMD was 47.3% (95% CI: 42.6–52.1). After adjusting, female workers with black/brown race/skin color had a 22% higher probability of CMD than white workers (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01–1.49), and workers with sleep disorders or poor sleep quality were 147% more likely to have CMD compared with those with good sleep quality (PR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.70–3.58), and workers with fair/poor self-rated health were twice as likely to have CMD (PR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.43–2.80) compared to those with excellent/very good self-rated health. A high prevalence of CMD was observed in female shift workers, especially in workers with a black/brown race/skin color and with poor sleep quality and self-rated health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campylobacter jejuni is the most frequent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis; therefore, the characteristics of its epidemiology must be continuously investigated to support possible mitigating measures. This is particularly important when evaluating representative strains from the world’s leading chicken meat exporter, Brazil. We evaluated a panel of 14 virulence genes in 359 strains of C. jejuni isolated from chilled broiler carcasses in Brazil. The genes were classified into five virulence categories (B: biofilm/motility; SS: secretion/cytotoxicity system; CI: invasion/colonization; GB: Guillain-Barré; and AE: adaptation to stress). The percentage of strains with stress adaptation genes (86.07%) indicates the ability to survive in unfavorable environments; in addition, the strains showed a risk of causing infections in humans due to the frequency of the hcp gene (97.77%). Genes related to Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in 77.44% of strains are an additional concern, which must be monitored. The gene panel showed the presence of 124 virulence profiles. Individual analyses by carcass, slaughter establishment, and municipalities in which they were located showed high index variabilities (I.Var.) of 0.82, 0.87, and 0.78, respectively. Georeferencing indicated the state of Paraná as a hotspot for virulent strains. Higher levels of isolation and multi-virulence were identified in the summer, which is hot and humid in Brazil. Together, our results showed that the studied strains are a potential danger to public health and that there is an urgent need for their surveillance and the adoption of control measures, especially in the state of Paraná. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which determined whether temperature extremes were associated with increased hospital mortality in acutely ill older adults. Topics include summary statistics for admissions of acutely ill older adults from 2009 to 2019, death rates observed in a cohort of very old and functionally dependent acutely ill patients, and possible use of a broader assessment of geriatric vulnerabilities when addressing the adverse consequences of climate change.

The present study aimed to verify the association between psychosocial aspects (social capital) and food patterns in adult women. A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted with a representative sample of 1,128 women, aged 20 to 69 years, living in the urban area of the municipality of São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2015. The food patterns were identified based on the frequency of food intake and classified as: healthy (fruits, vegetables, and whole foods), at-risk (ultraprocessed foods), and Brazilian (rice and beans), while social capital was evaluated using a collective efficacy scale. It was observed that 18.9% of the sample was classified with high collective efficacy. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a 44% higher probability was observed for adherence to the healthy pattern (PR [prevalence ratio] = 1.44; 95%CI [95% confidence interval]: 1.01-2.03; p = 0.040) and 71% higher for the Brazilian pattern (PR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.18-2.47; p= 0.004) among women with a higher level of collective efficacy, when compared to those with a low level of collective efficacy. Thus, this study verified a significant relationship between psychosocial aspects and food intake in women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design process influences the resulting environmental impacts and life cycle costs. Life cycle assessment can assist the construction industry in selecting more sustainable technological alternatives. In this context, wall systems play a significant role in the environmental and economic performance of a building. This paper compares the potential energy, costs, and environmental impacts of three structural wall construction systems (ceramic, concrete, and soil-cement blocks) for standard residential housing in Southern Brazil, considering a 50-year lifespan. The highest environmental impacts are related to the use stage of all three systems. The ceramic brick system presents the highest impact in the product stage, the concrete block system in the use stage, and the soil cement brick system in the construction stage. The concrete block system presents the highest relative net present value, followed by soil cement and ceramic brick systems. The impacts for the soil-cement block system are similar to those for ceramic block, while the concrete block system is the most expensive, energy demanding, and CO2 releasing. The results demonstrate the importance of producing criteria for architectural decision-making based on scientific evidence when choosing wall systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversity gradients are observed for various groups of organisms. For fishes in streams, the water-energy, productivity, and temporal heterogeneity hypotheses can explain richness patterns. The relationship between species diversity and the variables that represent these hypotheses is generally linear and stationary, that is, the effect of each of those variables is constant throughout a geographically defined area. But the assumption of spatial stationarity has not yet been tested on a great number of diversity gradients. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the spatial stationarity in the relationships between fish species richness in small stream (653 streams) located throughout Brazil, and the water-energy, productivity, and temporal heterogeneity hypotheses using a geographically weighted regression—GWR. There was a conspicuous absence of spatial stationarity in fish species richness. Furthermore, water-energy dynamics represented a possible metabolic restriction acting on the community structuring of fish species richness in streams. This mechanism separated the fish fauna into two regions: (i) The Amazonian region, characterized by a stable climate and populations that are less resistant to climatic variation; and (ii) The central region, featured by greater ranges of temperature and fish populations that are resistant to climatic variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to verify the association between the community food environment and dietary patterns in a population of different socio-economic levels. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 400 adults and elderly aged between 20 and 70 years residing in the central area of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Four dietary patterns were explored: healthy, traditional Brazilian, refined carbohydrates and sugars, and fast food. The community food environment included the identification of all food stores by areas where individuals lived and auditing based on the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S) score. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95 % CI. After the adjustment for individual sociodemographic characteristics, residents of the area with the best community food environment (highest NEMS-S score) had 12 % and 18 % lower probabilities of high consumption (upper tertile) of the traditional (PR = 0·88; 95 % CI (0·78, 0·98)) and refined carbohydrate and sugar (PR = 0·82; 95 % CI (0·73, 0·92)) dietary patterns, respectively, compared with those living in the area with the worst community food environment (lowest NEMS-S score). Healthy and fast-food dietary patterns showed no association with the community food environment. In conclusion, the community food environment is a factor associated with the consumption of certain dietary patterns, independent of individual sociodemographic characteristics. Thus, aspects of the community food environment become important in food and nutrition actions and policies aimed at health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ananindeua city, State of Pará, North of Brazil, is a hyperendemic area for tuberculosis (TB), with a cure rate below the recommendation by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. We aimed to describe: (I) the TB incidence coefficient of Ananindeua municipality comparatively against Brazilian data; (II) TB treatment outcomes; (III) to compare the socioeconomic and epidemiological characteristics of abandonment versus cure outcome; and (IV) to evaluate the risk factors associated with TB treatment abandonment in Ananindeua city, from 2017 to 2021. This is a retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional epidemiological study which used secondary TB entries. Data were analyzed by linear regression, descriptive statistics, and associations were made using the Chi-square test and G-test, followed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Cure rates ranged from 28.7% to 70.1%, abandonment between 7.3% and 11.8%, deaths from the disease ranged from 0% to 1.6%, and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) rates had frequencies from 0% to 0.9%. Patient transfer rates to other municipalities were between 4.9% and 12.5%. The multivariate analysis showed that alcohol is almost 2 times more likely to lead an individual to abandon treatment and use of illicit drugs was almost 3 times more likely. Individuals between 20 and 59 years of age were also more likely to abandon treatment almost twice as often. Finally, data obtained in the present report is of great relevance to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and minimize possible discrepancies between the information systems and the reality of public health in high endemicity areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ambiente e Água is the property of Revista Ambiente e Agua and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The production of handmade paper is a sustainable process that has a relevant social and economic function, especially in developing countries. In the search for alternative, renewable and low-cost sources for cellulose and handmade paper production, we evaluated the morphological characteristics and chemical composition of fibers of leaves and culms from Arundo donax, a fast-growing invasive grass that was introduced in several countries, including Brazil. The fibers of A. donax are long (leaf = 1.73 mm; culm = 1.26 mm), with thick cell walls (leaf = 4.97 μm; culm = 5.36 μm), which provide folding endurance and result in a rougher and more voluminous paper. Additionally, the high values of cell wall fraction (leaf = 78%; culm = 82%) indicate great fiber stiffness. The relatively high values of cellulose (leaf = 38.9%; culm = 39.4%) and low values of lignin (leaf = 12.1%; culm = 13.0%) in the fibers make its use in paper production advantageous, as it reduces costs with chemical products in pulping. Fibers from A. donax are a viable alternative material to produce cellulose and handmade paper or can be mixed with other raw materials to produce different types of paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of non-native fish poses a major threat to aquatic fauna in freshwater ecosystems around the world, often as a consequence of increased predation pressure, which results in adverse environmental and socioeconomic effects. In this study, we present a survey of publicly available information on the occurrence of pirarucu (Arapaima spp.) throughout Brazil, with an emphasis on the status of native and non-native populations, and discuss the implications for the conservation of aquatic biodiversity and the urgent need for strict control and monitoring of pirarucu breeding programs, especially in regions where it is non-native. We believe that researchers and public policy makers/managers should collaborate in managing introductions of non-native fish, and develop regulations, scientific research, risk assessments, and environmental education with this end in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigated the prevalence of hypogeusia and hyposmia comparing COVID-19 and other respiratory syndromes (RS), through a cross-sectional survey. Topics discussed include characteristics of the patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and other respiratory syndromes, link of smell and taste impairments to a broad range of viral respiratory infections, and structural changes in oral cavity of patients with COVID-19.

Summary: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with excessive and severe daytime sleepiness in healthcare university students. A cross‐sectional university‐based study was conducted with 1,779 students from a university located in the Brazilian Midwest State of Goiás, Brazil, in 2018. Daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and classified as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS; cut‐off ESS score ≥10) and severe EDS (S‐EDS; cut‐off ESS score ≥16). Associated factors included sociodemographic, behavioural, academic, nutritional status, and sleep‐related and perceived health characteristics. Poisson regression was used for the data analysis. The mean (SD) age of the sample was 22.5 (3.84) years. The prevalence of EDS was 54.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 51.9–56.1) and S‐EDS was 10.0% (95% CI 9.2–11.7). After adjustment, a higher probability of occurrence of EDS was found among women (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.37, 95% CI 1.24–1.53), younger students (PR 1.23, 95% CI 1.07–1.42), those who were studying medicine (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.28), with poor sleep quality (PR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17–1.43), and among those who reported constant loss of sleep due to internet use (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27). After adjustment, the highest probability of occurrence of S‐EDS was found among women (PR 1.72, 95% CI 1.22–2.43), among those with poor sleep quality (PR 2.17, 95% CI 1.54–3.08), and medical students (PR 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.90). In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of daytime sleepiness among healthcare university students, especially among medical students and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rivulidae represents one of the most endangered taxa in Brazil. This family encompasses species known as annual or seasonal fish because they possess unique adaptations that enable their survival in seasonal ponds. Several Brazilian species of annual fish inhabit the Patos-Mirim Lagoon System (PMLS), which is considered a hotspot of these species. However, within this area, no strategic regions have yet been defined for in situ conservation of annual fish. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assist in the delimitation of micro-hotspots of endemism, sympatry and richness of annual fish along the PMLS, while assessing conservation priorities of evolutionary lineages and areas. For this purpose, distribution data were compiled for 42 species or evolutionary lineages that occur along 144 ponds located at the PMLS, which enabled to evaluate patterns of distribution of endemism, sympatry and richness. Moreover, measures of genetic diversity were obtained using sequences from one mitochondrial gene, and phylogenetic positioning was assessed using one mitochondrial and one nuclear marker. These values were considered in the context of the number of populations within and outside conservation units to evaluate conservation priority for 29 of these lineages (Wlineage) and 112 of these ponds (Wpond). Among the evaluated species and lineages, eight were detected as strictly endemic, and 55 of the evaluated ponds showed records of sympatry. The patterns of lineage richness showed a heterogeneous distribution of annual fish along the sampling area, with seven grids presenting records for four or more lineages. Interestingly, these are concentrated in four larger areas, located on the Southeast and on the Southwest margins of the Patos Lagoon and on the Southeast and Center-West Margins of the Mirim Lagoon, which present several ponds whose conservation is urging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of natural lignocellulosic fibers has become popular all over the world, as they are abundant, low-cost materials that favor a series of technological properties when used in cementitious composites. Due to its climate and geographic characteristics, Brazil has an abundant variety of natural fibers that have great potential for use in civil construction. The objective of this work is to present the main concepts about lignocellulosic fibers in cementitious composites, highlighting the innovation and advances in this topic in relation to countries such as Brazil, which has a worldwide prominence in the production of natural fibers. For this, some common characteristics of lignocellulosic fibers will be observed, such as their source, their proportion of natural polymers (biological structure of the fiber), their density and other mechanical characteristics. This information is compared with the mechanical characteristics of synthetic fibers to analyze the performance of composites reinforced with both types of fibers. Despite being inferior in tensile and flexural strength, composites made from vegetable fibers have an advantage in relation to their low density. The interface between the fiber and the composite matrix is what will define the final characteristics of the composite material. Due to this, different fibers (reinforcement materials) were analyzed in the literature in order to observe their characteristics in cementitious composites. Finally, the different surface treatments through which the fibers undergo will determine the fiber–matrix interface and the final characteristics of the cementitious composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Climate conditions may influence the transmission of COVID-19. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of temperature and relative humidity on COVID-19 cases and related deaths during the initial phase of the epidemic in Brazil. Methodology: An ecological study based on secondary data was conducted. Daily data on new COVID-19 cases, deaths, and climate indicators were collected from February 20 to April 18, 2020 (n = 59 days) for all state capital cities in Brazil and the Federal District (Brasília). The climate indicators included mean temperature, temperature amplitude, mean relative humidity, relative humidity amplitude, and percentage of days with mean relative humidity = 65 %. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed for all cities and stratified by quintiles of the COVID-19 incidence rate. Results: The mean daily temperature was positively correlated with the number of days until the first COVID-19 case was reported. A lower mean relative humidity was correlated with a lower number of cases and deaths in Brazil, especially when the relative humidity was = 65 %. Higher temperatures and humidity amplitudes were correlated with lower COVID-19 mortality. Additionally, after controlling for humidity, cumulative cases of COVID-19 were inversely associated with temperature in cities with mean temperatures less than 25.8 °C. Conclusions: Variations in temperature and humidity across the Brazilian territory may have influenced the spread of the novel coronavirus during the initial phase of the epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unbalanced energy consumption in the production of ceramic artifacts is responsible for considerable undesirable impacts, such as increased emissions of polluting gases, excessive consumption of fuel materials, land degradation, and unpredictable financial costs. By contrast, the practice of optimizing the ceramic sintering, which in associated with firing of high temperature, can result in increased productivity and reduced production costs preserving an environmentally friendly production system. Moreover, it allows further improvements in the quality of the final product. This work compares the effect of different sintering cycles, with heating rates of 2, 15, and 30 °C/min, on the technological properties of a Brazilian industrial clay ceramic body. Initially the clay ceramic specimens were characterized in terms of mineralogical, chemical, and physical properties. Specimens were prepared by extrusion and fired at temperatures of 800, 900, and 1000 °C. The evaluated properties by standard tests were water absorption, post-firing linear shrinkage, and flexural strength. It was found that owing to sintering carried out at higher heating rates, red ceramic products with superior technological properties were obtained. This is an unprecedented conclusion for common clay ceramics produced in Brazil. Based on the promising obtained results, in a clear and detailed way, the benefits of rapid sintering cycle application for conventional brick production are evidenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study revealed that obesity was significantly associated with increasing age, living with a partner, lower education level, and exsmoking status among industrial workers in Brazil. These findings indicated that intervention strategies need to take into account these characteristics in order to prevent obesity among industrial workers. Objective: Estimate the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among industrial workers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of secondary data from workers aged 18 to 59 years in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Results: A total of 20,820 workers (12,372 men and 8448 women) were investigated. The overall prevalence of obesity was 14.6% (95% CI [confidence interval]: 14.2 to 15.1), 16.4% (95% CI: 15.6 to 17.2) among women and 13.5% (95% ci: 12.9 to 14.1) among men. After adjusting, obesity was significantly associated with increasing age, living with a partner, lower education, and ex-smoking status in both sexes. However, it was associated with lower income in women, and higher income and physical inactivity in men. Conclusions: Obesity was prevalent among Brazilian industrial workers and sociodemographic characteristics are important factors related to obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Arqueologia Pública is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Implementing cognitive assessment in older people admitted to hospital with hip fracture-lying in bed, experiencing pain-is challenging. We investigated the value of a quick and easy-to-administer 10-point Cognitive Screener (10-CS) in predicting 1-year functional recovery and survival after hip surgery.Methods: Prospective cohort study comprising 304 older patients (mean age = 80.3 ± 9.1 years; women = 72%) with hip fracture consecutively admitted to a specialized academic medical center that supports secondary hospitals in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. The 10-CS, a 2-minute bedside tool including temporal orientation, verbal fluency, and three-word recall, classified patients as having normal cognition, possible cognitive impairment, or probable cognitive impairment on admission. Outcomes were time-to-recovery activities of daily living (ADLs; Katz index) and mobility (New Mobility Score), and survival during 1-year after hip surgery. Hazard models, considering death as a competing risk, were used to associate the 10-CS categories with outcomes after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical measures.Results: On admission, 144 (47%) patients had probable cognitive impairment. Compared to those cognitively normal, patients with probable cognitive impairment presented less postsurgical recovery of ADLs (77% vs 40%; adjusted sub-hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32-0.62) and mobility (50% vs 30%; adjusted sub-HR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.34-0.79), and higher risk of death (15% vs 40%; adjusted HR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.03-4.20) over 1-year follow-up.Conclusions: The 10-CS is a strong predictor of functional recovery and survival after hip fracture repair. Cognitive assessment using quick and easy-to-administer screening tools like 10-CS can help clinicians make better decisions and offer tailored care for older patients admitted with hip fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To associate food consumption according to the groups that make up the food pyramid with the aerobic and anaerobic performance of Brazilian athletes. A cross-sectional study of 168 athletes with a mean age and BMI of 20.84 ± 7.74 years and 22.88 ± 3.1 kg/m², respectively. Maximum power output was significantly associated with the meat and eggs groups (β = 0.31; p < 0.05). VO2max exhibited a positive relationship with the fruit group (β = 0.29; p < 0.05). A significant inverse relation between VO2max and the legumes group was observed (β = -0.76; p < 0.05). The meat and eggs group and the dairy products group had an inverse and significant association with VO2max (β = -0.43; p < 0.01). Consumption of meat and eggs showed a positive association with anaerobic performance, whereas the same group and the dairy products group had a negative association with aerobic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few information on the biological properties of the chemical constituents of propolis produced by Apis mellifera from the Cerrado of Midwest Brazil has hitherto been reported. In the present work, the mutagenic properties of five compounds isolated from a sample of brown propolis from the aforesaid biome, namely, caffeic (1), p-coumaric (2), dihydro-p-coumaric (3), and acetylisocupressic (4) acids, and aromadendrin (5) have been assessed by performing the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) on wing cells of Drosophila melanogaster, using standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses. This is the first report of assessment of the mutagenic potential of 2-4, and using the SMART assay for 5. No mutagenicity was induced by 1-3 and 5 in the descendants from the ST and HB crosses at all evaluated concentrations. However, 1 and 2, unlike 3, were shown to be toxic to descendants of both ST and HB crosses. A structure-activity relationship established among 1-3 revealed that a C-7/C-8 unsaturation is responsible for the toxic effect of 2 compared to 3, while an additional ortho-dihydroxy substitution at C-3 and C-4 confers to 1 the highest toxicity to D. melanogaster flies. Diterpene 4 proved mutagenic only after P450 activation, suggesting that it may act as a promutagen compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bumba Meu Boi is one of the largest popular festivals in Brazil, being possible to find in all regions of the country. Considering the size and importance of this folguedo, we propose in this work to analyze images of the visual essay on Bumba Meu Boi de Juçatuba/MA, from different styles, such as documentary, contemporary and experimental. We look at the photographs of the game that go beyond document and source of information, we analyze images that have memory value and artistic value, from photographic experiments provided by contemporary art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The açaizeiro is a palm tree present on a large scale in the northern region of Brazil and in others countries, such as Colombia and Peru, its fruit constitutes one of the main forest products of great economic potential to exportation. However, a generation of large amounts of waste during its processing represents a serious environmental problem, since about 365 tons of açaí stone are discarded in landfills daily in Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of using açaí stone as a substitute of 25% in mass natural sand with filler function, in the development of structural mortars with reference mixture of ratio 1:2:0.45 (cement:sand:water) and waste mixture with1:1.5:0.5:0.45 (cement:sand:açai stone:water), that both mixtures are relationship adopted for structural mortar in the literature. Three different types of mortar were made for evaluation, the reference (without adding stones) and with the addition of natural stone (without treatment and treated with NaOH). After the incorporation of the stones, consistency, water retention, incorporated air content and density in fresh mortars were analyzed, in the fresh state. For evaluation in a hardened state, cylindrical specimens (50 mm × 100 mm) were molded, for compression strength and density tests. The optimum composition was also analyzed with confocal microscopy. It can be seen that in the compression strength tests, mortars with the addition of natural and treated stone showed a reduction, decreasing from 6.25 MPa (reference), to 5.55 MPa (natural stone) and 1.89 MPa (treated stone), this showed that the natural stone mortar was above the minimum of 5.00 MPa reported in the literature. As for density, the evaluations demonstrate a beneficial effect to the incorporation of the stone, which formed lighter mortars, decreasing from 2.12 to 1.79 g/cm3 in the natural composition and 1.85 g/cm³ in the treated composition, in both situations with additions, the values were within the maximum limit of 2 g/cm³ that the literature suggests for structural mortars. In addition, the results of water retention showed an increase in the treated composition (97.28%) in relation to the reference (95.84%), an increase characterized by the treatment in NaOH that reduced the hygroscopic characteristics of the stones, the mixture mortar with treated seed, as well as the reference, presented values above 95%, which is recommended by other studies. The evaluations show that there is a potential for specific structural applications of these mortars, since in all tests the composition with natural stone is within the ideal parameters by Brazilian standard, in addition to helping to solve the environmental impacts caused by discard this waste. As it is a mortar with low compressive strength, its application is suggested for the purpose of repairing specific structural defects that arise in the molding stage of beams, slabs and columns, located in regions with low load demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parental control is considered important in preventing drug use among adolescents. This study aimed to explore the association between the perception of parental monitoring of computer use and drug use among adolescent students. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in 2012 among 2,980 students aged 12-17 years from Southern Brazil. The outcomes investigated were the use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit drugs in the previous year. The main exposure was the self-reported perception of parental monitoring of computer use. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for the multivariable analysis. The prevalence rates of drugs used were 48.3% (95% confidence interval[CI]: 46.5–50.0) for alcohol, 9.7% (95%CI: 8.7–10.7) for tobacco, 5.1% (95%CI: 4.3–5.9) for cannabis, and 8.7% (95%CI: 7.7–9.7) for other illicit drugs. The absence of monitoring of computer use was reported by 44.3% (95%CI: 42.5–46.1) of the students. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that students aged 12 to 14 years who reported no parental monitoring of computer use had a higher probability of alcohol (Prevalence Ratio[PR] = 1.26, 95%CI:1.07–1.49) and cannabis use (PR = 3.25, 95%CI:1.11–9.53). In addition, a higher consumption of tobacco was observed among students aged 15 to 17 years who reported no parental monitoring of computer use (PR = 1.75, 95%CI:1.17–2.63). In both age groups, psychiatric morbidity was a covariate significantly associated with drug use throughout analysis. Parental monitoring of computer use was significantly associated with adolescent drug use, suggesting its importance in preventing drug use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Frailty screening using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) has been proposed to guide resource allocation in acute care settings during the pandemic. However, the association between frailty and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) prognosis remains unclear. Objectives: To investigate the association between frailty and mortality over 6 months in middle‐aged and older patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 and the association between acute morbidity severity and mortality across frailty strata. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: Large academic medical center in Brazil. Participants: A total of 1830 patients aged ≥50 years hospitalized with COVID‐19 (March–July 2020). Measurements: We screened baseline frailty using the CFS (1–9) and classified patients as fit to managing well (1–3), vulnerable (4), mildly (5), moderately (6), or severely frail to terminally ill (7–9). We also computed a frailty index (0–1; frail >0.25), a well‐known frailty measure. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between frailty and time to death within 30 days and 6 months of admission. We also examined whether frailty identified different mortality risk levels within strata of similar age and acute morbidity as measured by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Results: Median age was 66 years, 58% were male, and 27% were frail to some degree. Compared with fit‐to‐managing‐well patients, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for 30‐day and 6‐month mortality were, respectively, 1.4 (1.1–1.7) and 1.4 (1.1–1.7) for vulnerable patients; 1.5 (1.1–1.9) and 1.5 (1.1–1.8) for mild frailty; 1.8 (1.4–2.3) and 1.9 (1.5–2.4) for moderate frailty; and 2.1 (1.6–2.7) and 2.3 (1.8–2.9) for severe frailty to terminally ill. The CFS achieved outstanding accuracy to identify frailty compared with the Frailty Index (area under the curve = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.93–0.95) and predicted different mortality risks within age and acute morbidity groups. Conclusions: Our results encourage the use of frailty, alongside measures of acute morbidity, to guide clinicians in prognostication and resource allocation in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of poor sleep quality on BMI and waist circumference (WC), considering behavioural factors as intermediate variables.Design: A population-based cross-sectional study design was adopted. Data were collected between February and October 2015. Poor sleep quality was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR). Weight, height (used to calculate BMI) and WC were measured using standard protocols. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fast food consumption were considered intermediate variables. Non-standardised effects were estimated by path analysis with bootstrapped CI.Setting: Urban region of the city of São Leopoldo, southern Brazil.Participants: Representative sample of 1117 women aged between 20 and 69 years.Results: Poor sleep quality (higher PSQI-BR scores) was significantly associated with low physical activity levels (β = -0·05; 95 % CI -0·09, -0·01). High physical activity levels were associated with lower BMI (β = -0·21; 95 % CI -0·37, -0·07) and WC (β = -0·64; 95 % CI -1·00, -0·30). There was a non-significant direct effect of poor sleep quality on BMI and WC. However, low physical activity showed a significant indirect effect on the association between poor sleep quality and increased WC (β = 0·03; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·07).Conclusions: The results indicate that the association between sleep quality and WC is mediated by physical activity. This finding can assist in the development of strategies to prevent and reduce abdominal obesity in adult women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore the relationship between work-related stress and obesity among female shift workers. Additionally, we also aimed to test the interaction between shift work and work-related stress in this association.Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Brazilian female shift workers. Work-related stress was assessed through a demand-control questionnaire (Job Stress Scale). Work-related stress was defined by the presence of high psychological demands and low control at work. The obesity cases were defined as those with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more. Multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was used to obtain the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95 % CI.Setting: A group of industries located in southern Brazil in 2017.Participants: Four hundred and twenty female workers aged 18-59 years.Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 30 % (95 % CI: 25·6, 34·4), and the presence of work-related stress was identified in 24 % (95 % CI: 19·9, 28·1) of the sample. We found an indication of interaction between work-related stress and night shift work on obesity (P = 0·026). After adjusting for confounding factors, work-related stress was associated with a 71 % greater probability of obesity (PR = 1·71; 95 % CI: 1·02, 2·87; P = 0·042) among female night shift workers.Conclusions: In this study, we revealed that exposure to work-related stress and night shift work were associated with obesity among female shift workers. Furthermore, the prevalence of obesity was high among female shift workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Fisioterapia e Pesquisa is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A significant portion of the threatened ichthyofauna is composed by annual fish, whose gene flow is commonly affected by large water bodies. Austrolebias minuano is an endangered species that lives in temporary wetlands of the Patos-Mirim Lagoon System, in Brazil, inhabiting both margins of the Patos Lagoon. This species has previously been target of taxonomic split, leading to the description of A. pongondo, and there are doubts about its distinction in relation to A. charrua. The objective of this study is to understand the evolutionary patterns and processes associated with the geographic distribution of A. minuano, A. charrua and A. pongondo, while assessing their taxonomic status. For this, specimens were collected along the distribution range of the three species, and sequences of the mitochondrial cyt b and CO1 and of the nuclear ENC1 gene were characterized. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic approaches showed subdivision of the dataset in four lineages: one clustering the type population of A. minuano with A. charrua, two presenting populations previously assigned to A. minuano that inhabit the Eastern margin of the Patos Lagoon and one corresponding to A. pongondo. Patterns of migration and genetic divergences support the assignment of each of these lineages as independent evolutionary units. In the chronophylogenetic reconstructions, the two lineages inhabiting the Western margin of the Patos Lagoon constituted the first to branch out whereas the eastern lineages diverged more recently. These divergences seem to have occurred before the Pleistocene Lagoon-Barrier Depositional System related to the paleogeographic evolution of the South American Coastal Plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The definition of species boundaries constitutes an important challenge in biodiversity studies. Cynopoecilus Regan, 1912 encompasses several endangered species of annual fish, occurring in temporary ponds in a restricted area of Southern Brazil and Uruguay. Divergences about the taxonomic status of Cynopoecilus species highlight the importance of species delimitation studies. Therefore, we address here the phylogenetic structure of Cynopoecilus, while assessing its taxonomic implications. For this, fragments of the mitochondrial COI and nuclear RAG1 genes were characterized and analyzed for a set of 275 and 280 specimens, respectively. DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses detected subdivision of these specimens in 8–10 clusters, which comprise the six previously described species, and suggest one invalid taxon and at least 3–5 putative new species. The phylogenetic structure also suggests that the Jacuí River and the Patos Lagoon historically acted as effective barriers to gene flow between populations, although some isolated dispersal events across these water bodies could be evidenced, especially for C. melanotaenia Regan, 1912. In general, the results highlight the need of independent conservation strategies within the distribution area of each of the endemic allopatric killifish clusters, while questioning several taxonomic boundaries and distribution data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for COVID-19 demanded initiatives beyond the sole provision of physical artifacts, urging the development of new services and system innovations in order to produce effective solutions. In this paper the authors report one of such initiatives, where a streetwear brand (ÖUS) and Paraná Federal University have joined efforts to develop a sustainable Product-Service System for mask provision, aiming at the protection of vulnerable school children in the surrounding area of a shoe manufacturing plant in the state of Ceará, one of the epicenters of the pandemic in the country. This consisted of an Action Design Research where, due to the pandemic context, all participants were in social isolation and, therefore, the design process was carried out remotely. In the article, the authors explore in-depth the induction of a more distributed economy paradigm on the PSS Design. A distributed approach presents itself more aligned with the health requirements during pandemic, with a higher potential to contain locally the flow of people. Furthermore, it also addresses the need for generating income locally, thus merging the health and economic concerns of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the association between impaired arousal on admission and 30-day mortality in acutely ill older adults. Retrospective cohort study. Patients age +65 years admitted to the geriatric ward of a tertiary university hospital from 2010 to 2018 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants were evaluated on admission according to a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment model. Delirium was detected using the short version of the Confusion Assessment Method (Short-CAM). We used 2 alternative criteria to define impaired arousal: lethargy, stupor, or coma according to the Short-CAM; and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of ≤13. Our primary outcome was time-to-death in 30 days, and we used Cox proportional hazards models to explore the association between impaired arousal and decreased survival. We included 1554 admissions with a mean age of 81 years and of whom 61% were women. Overall, prevalent delirium was observed in 28% of the cases. We found that in 33% of admissions, patients were lethargic, stuporous, or comatose, and that in 23%, they had GCS scores of ≤13. General 30-day mortality was 19% but reached 32% in patients with GCS scores of ≤13. Impaired arousal was independently associated with lower survival in 30 days, both when defined using Short-CAM criteria [lethargy + stupor + coma: hazard ratio (HR) 2.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66‒3.27] and GCS scores (GCS 12‒13: HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13‒2.33; GCS ≤ 11: HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.68‒3.80). In interaction analyses, we confirmed our results in patients who had impaired arousal but were neither delirious (lethargy + stupor + coma: HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.44‒3.24; GCS ≤ 11: HR 3.07; 95% CI 1.50‒6.29) nor demented (lethargy + stupor + coma: HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.15‒3.28). Level of arousal on admission was an independent predictor of 30-day survival in acutely ill older adults, regardless of delirium or baseline dementia. Clinicians should be aware that even if unsure of whether a patient has delirium, arousal assessment can provide crucial clinical and prognostic insight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The northeast (NE) region of Brazil commonly goes through drought periods, which favor cyanobacterial blooms, capable of producing neurotoxins with implications for human and animal health. The most severe dry spell in the history of Brazil occurred between 2012 and 2016. Coincidently, the highest incidence of microcephaly associated with the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak took place in the NE region of Brazil during the same years. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that saxitoxin (STX), a neurotoxin produced in South America by the freshwater cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii, could have contributed to the most severe Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) profile described worldwide. Quality surveillance showed higher cyanobacteria amounts and STX occurrence in human drinking water supplies of NE compared to other regions of Brazil. Experimentally, we described that STX doubled the quantity of ZIKV-induced neural cell death in progenitor areas of human brain organoids, while the chronic ingestion of water contaminated with STX before and during gestation caused brain abnormalities in offspring of ZIKV-infected immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice. Our data indicate that saxitoxin-producing cyanobacteria is overspread in water reservoirs of the NE and might have acted as a co-insult to ZIKV infection in Brazil. These results raise a public health concern regarding the consequences of arbovirus outbreaks happening in areas with droughts and/or frequent freshwater cyanobacterial blooms. Author summary: The uncontrolled spreading of cyanobacteria in drinking water reservoirs has been the cause of serious public health problems worldwide. Toxin-producing cyanobacterial blooms commonly occur during drought periods in the northeast (NE) region of Brazil. During Zika Virus (ZIKV) outbreak in 2015–16, Brazilian NE showed disproportionately higher microcephaly incidence. Here, we test the hypothesis that the cyanotoxin saxitoxin (STX) may act as a co-insult for ZIKV. Water quality surveillance data showed increased cyanobacteria population and higher STX amount in NE region during 2014–2018. In vitro, we observed that neural progenitor cell death was doubled after STX exposure to ZIKV-infected brain organoids. In vivo, chronic ingestion of STX during gestational period potentiated ZIKV-derived brain abnormalities in newborn mice. Our study provides new insights that may explain the discrepancies among Brazilian regions regarding CZS severity. Moreover, the data highlight the importance of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin freshwater monitoring for future arbovirus outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus and can be transmitted through an infected mosquito bite or through human-to-human interaction by sexual activity, blood transfusion, breastfeeding, or perinatal exposure. After the 2015–2016 outbreak in Brazil, a strong link between ZIKV infection and microcephaly emerged. ZIKV specifically targets human neural progenitor cells, suggesting that proteins encoded by ZIKV bind and inactivate host cell proteins, leading to microcephaly. Here, we present a systematic annotation of interactions between human proteins and the seven non-structural ZIKV proteins corresponding to a Brazilian isolate. The interaction network was generated by combining tandem-affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry with yeast two-hybrid screens. We identified 150 human proteins, involved in distinct biological processes, as interactors to ZIKV non-structural proteins. Our interacting network is composed of proteins that have been previously associated with microcephaly in human genetic disorders and/or animal models. Further, we show that the protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1) interacts with NS5 and modulates its stability. This study builds on previously published interacting networks of ZIKV and genes related to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly to generate a catalog of human cellular targets of ZIKV proteins implicated in processes related to microcephaly in humans. Collectively, these data can be used as a resource for future characterization of ZIKV infection biology and help create a basis for the discovery of drugs that may disrupt the interaction and reduce the health damage to the fetus [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objectives to investigate the association between delirium occurrence in acutely ill older adults and incident dementia after hospital discharge. Methods retrospective cohort study examining acutely ill older adults aged +60 years and consecutively admitted to the geriatric ward of a tertiary university hospital from 2010 to 2016. Inclusion criteria were absence of baseline cognitive decline on admission and documented clinical follow-up of +12 months after discharge. Admission data were collected from our local database, including results from a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment completed for every patient. Pre-existing cognitive decline was identified based on clinical history, CDR and IQCODE-16. Delirium was diagnosed using short-CAM criteria, while post-discharge dementia after 12 months was identified based on medical records' review. We used competing-risk proportional-hazard models to explore the association between delirium and post-discharge dementia. Results we included 309 patients. Mean age was 78 years, and 186 (60%) were women. Delirium was detected in 66 (21%) cases. After a median follow-up of 24 months, 21 (32%) patients who had experienced delirium progressed with dementia, while only 38 (16%) of those without delirium had the same outcome (P  = 0.003). After adjusting for possible confounders, delirium was independently associated with post-discharge dementia with a sub-hazard ratio of 1.94 (95%CI = 1.10–3.44; P  = 0.022). Conclusion one in three acutely ill older adults who experienced delirium in the hospital developed post-discharge dementia during follow-up. Further understanding of delirium as an independent and potentially preventable risk factor for cognitive decline emphasizes the importance of systematic initiatives to fight it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]