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Hohenbergia burle‐marxii is one of the rarest species of Hohenbergia (Bromeliaceae), until recently known only by the holotype and its clones. The species had been recorded only once in an imprecise locality in Bahia's south region. After extensive field work we refound the species and we here present a new geographic range of Hohenbergia burle‐marxii, at the same time adding information about its morphology and ecological traits, including a map and photographs of living plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The canopy presents higher richness compared to the trunk. • The composition exhibited similarity both among the vegetation types Dwarf cloud forest and the strata. • The vegetation type with more wind incidence and short phorophytes presented lower richness. • The stratification of the Bromeliaceae and Polypodiaceae families played a significant role in the species distribution pattern. Vascular epiphytes are plants that grow on phorophytes, and their distribution may vary both horizontally and vertically. Understanding the factors shaping epiphyte distribution and their relationship with alpha and beta diversities is crucial for understanding richness and composition patterns. We investigated alpha and beta diversity variation in the vertical and horizontal stratification of epiphyte communities across different vegetation types in a dwarf cloud forest. Twenty-four 20 × 10 m plots were established in three vegetation types defined by distinct soil characteristics, different phorophyte height and differences in tree species composition in Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phorophytes were divided into four strata: (A) base of the trunk, (B) lower trunk, (C) inner canopy, and (D) outer canopy. Alpha and beta diversity analyses were performed for each site. We found a reduced stratification in the area, indicating minimal composition differences between the strata. However, the canopy exhibited greater species richness than the trunk. Vegetation types F1 and F2 displayed higher richness compared to F3. Orchidaceae was the richest family overall, while Bromeliaceae and Polypodiaceae were more frequent. Holoepiphytes were highly representative, demonstrating consistent patterns of richness, composition, and dispersion, with anemochorous species being the most abundant. This study highlights the unique patterns of epiphyte stratification, emphasizing the importance of biotic and abiotic characteristics in colonization processes. Despite the low canopy of the forest, the non-uniformity in stratification demonstrates that formation characteristics, such as height, play a significant role in shaping epiphyte richness and composition patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Hydroids are one of the most important animal groups colonizing marine macrophytes. This study presents the diversity of hydroid species in plant substrate samples taken from three points of the São Sebastião Channel, southeastern Brazil. The selectivity level of each hydroid species was inferred from the number of its occurrences on each species of macrophyte. Red and brown algae, especially species belonging to the genera Galaxaura and Sargassum, respectively, presented the highest diversity index of epiphytic hydroids. The epiphytic hydroid fauna of São Sebastião Channel is mostly comprised of opportunistic species, presenting low substrate selectivity. A broader cluster analysis of the epiphytic hydroid fauna reported in several studies around the world suggests that hydroids are primarily related to their geographical distribution and may be secondarily related to the lineages of macrophytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bromeliaceae, comprising 3172 species, is one of the most important families of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest owing to its high degree of endemism and occurrence in different habitats. The subfamily Bromelioideae is the most representative of Bromeliaceae and the best represented in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with 120 species. The objective of this study is to compare the leaf anatomy of four species found in two areas of the Atlantic Forest: Serra do Brigadeiro State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil ( Wawra and (Baker) Leme) and a forest fragment located within Bom Sucesso Farm, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil ( E. Morren and Bertol.), relating environmental characteristics to the habit. Leaf samples were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy and histochemical tests with Sudan, phloroglucinol, and ruthenium red stains. Leaves of and showed several adaptations to the epiphytic habit, including scales on both surfaces, thickened epidermal cell walls, presence of silica bodies, hypodermis with sclerified cells, water-storing tissue (hydrenchyma), and air channels formed by stellate cells in the chlorenchyma. The epiphytic species and the terrestrial species have similar overall structure, including a well-developed parenchyma and extravascular fiber groups. Leaves of the terrestrial species and the epiphytic species also show structural similarities, such as lack of extravascular fibers and less developed parenchyma. Similar characteristics in species from different habitats may either reflect microclimatic conditions under which these species occur or genetically fixed characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)