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The present article examines the right of prior, free and informed consultation of indigenous peoples in the light of International Human Rights Law, in order to verify the possibility of Brazil's international liability for violating this right. To this end, it uses as an object of study the case of the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. It was observed, specifically, the understandings adopted by the Brazilian Courts and the Inter-American System of Human Rights in relation to the case of the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. As a main methodology, the investigation is legal-comprehensive with a qualitative approach, based on bibliographical and documentary research. The results showed that Brazil ignores the international debate about this subject, to the extent that it has not ensured mechanisms guaranteeing the right to consultation of indigenous peoples, which enables its liability to the Inter-American System of Human Rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses the mobilization of indigenous peoples and traditional communities for the recognition of their right to free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) provided for in ILO Convention 169, as a strategy of resistance and strengthening of their social organization in defense of their traditionally occupied territories. It takes as reference observations in the field, during visits and consultations carried out in five traditional communities, and testimonies of leaders of these territories, in the state of Pará. Sixty-one community autonomous protocols approved in Brazil, between 2014 and 2022, were also consulted, available at the Observatory of Autonomous Protocols. It is concluded that the appropriation of the FPIC has strengthened organization and resistance in indigenous territories and have become potential instruments for the exercise of local grassroots democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]