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Objectives: Several contemporary models of psychotherapy demand psychotherapists and counsellors to navigate an intensely personal involvement with clients. This study considers how this personal involvement impacts the clinician as a person. Design: We interviewed practitioners about how working with clients in a one‐on‐one therapeutic setting changed them. Methods: A grounded theory analysis of interviews with behavioural and cognitive therapists (N = 14; 9 women, 5 men) was carried out. Results: Working with clients may improve practitioners' self‐regulation by generating a clearer view of themselves, providing strategies for effective living and facilitating self‐compassion. These changes are often either clinical work's unavoidable effects or gains from accidental exposure to clients' contents. Clinical work may also improve practitioners' relationships by demonstrating the value of and providing strategies for managing one's input in crucial relationships and non‐judgemental acceptance. Improved relational regulation often occurs as unavoidable learning or results from intentional emulation. Both self‐regulation and relational regulation may contribute to clinical competency. Professionals can also unintentionally reproduce client quirks and accidentally learn practical tips. Possible implications are discussed. Conclusion: Clients' influence on counsellors and psychotherapists deserves attention in psychotherapy research, training and supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QID-SR16), a self-report instrument based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria that assesses the severity of depression symptoms, in the Brazilian population. Methods: Participants were 4,400 Brazilians over the age of 15 years recruited for an online survey assessing depressive symptoms during the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Brazil. The internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity of the QIDS-SR16 were evaluated. Results: The model tested was considered an adequate fit to the data (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.947, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.927, and root-mean-square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.051) and its internal consistency was good, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.71 and an average item correlation of 0.23. The correlations between the total QIDS-SR16 score and the total scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) instruments (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), the Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) indicate good concurrent and convergent validity. Conclusion: The QIDS-SR16 has robust psychometric properties in terms of its internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity. The Portuguese version of the QIDS-SR16 is an adequate instrument for assessment of depressive symptoms in the context of an online survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychologists play a significant role in addressing sexual violence against children and adolescents (SVCA) in Brazil. Most literature focuses on the role of public service psychologists in the intervention, resulting in the need to explore the role private clinical psychologists' (PCP) play in SVCA treatment. The study aims to: 1) investigate a possible relationship between sociodemographic factors, professional profiles, beliefs about SVCA, and PCPs' decision to report the abuse, and 2) understand the role PCPs play in evaluating, reporting, and treating cases of SVCA. The study sampled Brazilian PCPs. The quantitative phase consisted of 409 psychologists, and the qualitative phase consisted of 8 psychologists. The study used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design to achieve its goals. The quantitative phase consisted of the Sociodemographic and Professional Questionnaire, Scenario 7, and the Sexual Abuse Belief Scale (SABS) measures. The qualitative phase consisted of individual semi-structured interviews. The descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model illustrated factors increasing the likelihood of reporting SVCA by PCPs, including a history of treating confirmed sexual violence cases, taking a course on sexual violence, receiving SVCA information during undergraduate studies, having a master and doctoral degree, and having a single relationship status. The thematic analysis resulted in four themes: The definition of sexual violence, the selectivity of the cases, educational under-preparation, and the need to build a performance network. PCPs require professional development to treatment SVCA, and schools of Psychology need to improve their curriculum regarding SVCA education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychotherapy is one of the services offered by clinical psychology, allowing the patient / client to receive psychological care for various psychological needs faced. Such assistance is mostly offered by the oral modality, preventing deaf people from having access to this type of treatment effectively. This work aims to carry out a systematic review of the literature on psychotherapeutic care for people with deafness based on the national literature, identifying the aspects that make up the interaction between deaf patients and psychotherapists, observing the difficulties and realities encountered in the clinical context by the patient and therapist. The methodology used is based on qualitative bibliographic research, using databases to select national articles on the subject. The following steps were taken for data collection: definition of descriptors; selection by titles and keywords, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria; categorization of studies into participants, interventions, objectives, and results. The results showed strong difficulties experienced by the deaf at all stages of development, with the challenges generated by anxiety being very common; communication conflicts; low self-esteem; internal conflicts; conflicts with family members; identity crises; rejection of deaf identity; lack of stimulation in sign language; learning difficulties, in addition to identifying that there are few scientific studies regarding clinical psychology and deafness in Brazil, requiring in-depth investigations and interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to understand the role of psychologists in Brazil in providing online clinical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a literature review, for which a survey of academic publications in Brazil was carried out, in the scientific bases SciELO and Google Scholar, with a time frame from January 2020 to December 2021, as well as Resolutions published by the Federal Council of Psychology, which had as The main focus is on the modality of psychological services provided in the online modality during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In total, four articles, one monograph and five Resolutions published by the Federal Council of Psychology were selected. Content Analysis was used for the evaluation, synthesis and final interpretation of the data. With the analysis, three main categories were reached, namely, I) Broadening horizons and integration of the professional category; II) Characterization of assistance during the pandemic; and III) Professional challenges. It is concluded that need for further research, mainly empirical, to deepen the theme, with regard to the structuring of online care and the psychosocial implications of this modality, as well as the construction of new regulations and legislation that guide a committed praxis and ethics considering the different social contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence indicates the absence of the topic of religiosity/spirituality (R/S) in the training of Brazilian psychologists, suggesting the invisibility of such elements in professionals in the field. However, the psychologist is also a human being who has religious/spiritual conditions that can influence the way of feeling and understanding these phenomena. This qualitative study aimed to discover how psychotherapists experience R/S in their lives, as well as their difficulties and feelings when dealing with the subject in their clinical psychology practice. Twenty‐four psychotherapists were interviewed from two medium‐sized cities in the countryside of states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The psychologists' R/S follows the configuration of secularisation that has been growing throughout the world, but it does not prevent them from experiencing this dimension in their lives. For the majority, religious/spiritual beliefs and experiences permeate the psychotherapeutic relationship, and there are divergences with their patients. However, they showed interest in working on such themes, although not always with ease. We emphasise the importance of the professionals recognising themselves as human beings who are also influenced by a range of characteristics including religious/spiritual ones, and their needs, difficulties and potential regarding R/S in clinical practice and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This theoretical essay aims to think about the notion of clinical psychology in Brazil. Based on the analysis of documents that guide and regulate professional practice in the country, articulated with authors who discuss the theme, it proposes to map some of the discourses that involve the notion of clinic in Psychology - definitions, regulations, guidelines, concepts and meanings. Through a post-structuralist analysis, inspired by Foucault, he discusses some of the discourses that support the notion of clinic using three points of analysis: 1) Psychology and the notion of clinic; 2) Brazilian regulations and guidelines; 3) Clinical and therapeutic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: From 1920 to 40, traditional psychiatry in Brazil focuses on convulsive practices as an innovative treatment to reduce symptoms of mental illness. Objective: To analyze the techniques of application of convulsive therapies disclosed in two major medical journals. Methodology: Documental study, with a qualitative approach. The historical sources were the Brazilian Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry (ABNP) and the Annals of the Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB) from 1928 to 1947. Critical analysis was based on data triangulation and thematic organization. Results: Twenty-seven publications were found in both journals. The publications were gathered in groups according to the techniques used [cardiazolic shock (14); malariotherapy (5); insulin shock (4); cardiazolic shock associated with insulin shock (2); electroconvulsive therapy (1); cardiazolic shock associated with electroconvulsive therapy (1)]. Conclusion: The journals had contributed to the dissemination of scientific development on the biological therapies, with the publishing of studies to guide their implementation. They aimed to establish correlations between mental illnesses, their symptoms, and the effects of each convulsive treatment technique, without any explicit reference to the participation of nursing professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Restrictive measures consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant psychological impact on everyday life in the general population, even though differences between countries remain poorly investigated. The present study sought to examine the different psychological impacts and resilience of the pandemic among three of the most heavily hit countries: Brazil, Italy, and the United States., Methods: This cross-sectional study separately involved three national community populations, namely the Brazilian, the Italian, and the American population. Participants aged 18 years or older were recruited through a shared online survey. Participants self-completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D); post-traumatic stress was additionally assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Three separate Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) were performed in order to investigate differences in the levels of resilience, post-traumatic stress, and depression among the three populations., Results: The study included in total 734 participants (mean age = 27.60 ± 11.69 years; 77% of females). Results of ANCOVA comparisons showed significant differences between the three groups in the variable measuring resilience, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and depression. As for resilience, results of post-hoc tests showed significant differences between the groups from Brazil and Italy and between the groups from Brazil and USA. As for the post-traumatic stress symptoms, results showed significant differences between the USA and Brazil groups and between the USA and Italy groups. As for the depression symptoms, results showed significant differences between the USA and Brazil groups., Conclusions: Overall, these findings may help to increase understanding of the psychological impact of COVID-19 in Brazil, Italy, and the USA. Interventions to prevent mental disorders among general populations should take into account these findings., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Copyright of Paideia (0103863X) is the property of Paideia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Paideia (0103863X) is the property of Paideia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QID-SR16), a self-report instrument based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria that assesses the severity of depression symptoms, in the Brazilian population., Methods: Participants were 4,400 Brazilians over the age of 15 years recruited for an online survey assessing depressive symptoms during the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Brazil. The internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity of the QIDS-SR16 were evaluated., Results: The model tested was considered an adequate fit to the data (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.947, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.927, and root-mean-square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.051) and its internal consistency was good, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.71 and an average item correlation of 0.23. The correlations between the total QIDS-SR16 score and the total scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) instruments (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), the Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) indicate good concurrent and convergent validity., Conclusion: The QIDS-SR16 has robust psychometric properties in terms of its internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity. The Portuguese version of the QIDS-SR16 is an adequate instrument for assessment of depressive symptoms in the context of an online survey., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article.

In Brazil, there is a clear need for the offer of mental health services meet the needs and the characteristics of the population who seeks them. This study aimed to characterize clinical and demographic aspects of adult clients of a Psychology Clinic School at a university in the southern Brazil. During the 2009-2010 period, 557 adults passed through the process of triage. Of these, 170 (29.46%) participated in the present study. The participants were mostly women (66.5%) and attended college (47.1%). The most prevalent age group was between 20-29 years old (41.8%). The results obtained from the Adult Self-Report showed a higher percentage of individuals classified in the clinical range on the subscales of anxiety, depression, social competence, family and work problems. The co-existence of multiple complains at the same patients was evidenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although the quality of parent-child relationships is known to be associated with the offspring's mental health, little is known about the prevalence of problematic relationships in this scenario. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of different types of early parentinfant relationships in a Brazilian population group. Methods: During 1 year, all families (n = 230) from an urban community of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, with 4-month-old infants born in public hospitals were identified, and 148 were fully investigated by two family therapists. This study describes data on the 116 infants with two-parent families. Demographic, obstetric, and relational variables were collected through questionnaires and scales (Parent- Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale, Global Assessment of Relational Functioning, and Self-Report Questionnaire). Prevalence ratios were calculated, and Poisson regression with robust variance was performed to adjust for covariates. Results: Almost 10% of mothers and 12% of fathers showed an at least significantly perturbed relationship with their 4-monthold infants. Inadequate mother-infant bonding coincided with evidence of paternal mental disorder, poor maternal social network, and no breastfeeding at 4 months. A problematic father-infant relationship was associated with a dysfunctional couple relationship and with low infant birth weight. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of early parent-child relationship problems, suggesting a need for health system interventions. Parent-infant relational problems are prevalent very early in life and more associated with other relational problems than with socioeconomic burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is an adaptation of the conference held by Academician Professor Antonio Meneghetti on November 14, 2009 at the International Art and Humanistic Culture Center "Recanto Maestro" (Brazil) before an audience of 300 physicians. The conference was organized by medical centers from different parts of Brazil. The Author, after decades of experience in clinical psychology and scientific research , provides a description of psychosomatics. Cancer can be treated by applying the ontopsychological method which, thanks to the three discoveries of Ontopsychology, can reach the primary formal cause of any neoplastic formation . The terms tumor, cancer, cancerogenous, neoplasia, neoplasm, metastasis, sarcoma define special processes or physiognomies that the tumor may take on. However, in essence tumor always originates from a mono? clonal cell which experiences the interference of a mutagenic agent that alters directly the cell DNA. This can be observed after the cell is in pathogenous activity. The cause of the mutagenic process lies entirely in the patient?s unconscious psyche. Antonio Meneghetti has discovered exactly the start and the formalization of this cause which eventually precipitates in psychosomatics. The identification of the cause in a clear and distinct manner and the patient's conscious decision make it possible to have the cancerous symptom disappear. Thus, the real problem is to identify the "first mover" that brings to life the mutagenic agent and subsequently to remove the presence and action of such agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Bruxism is described as an orofacial parafunction that affects both children and adults. The maintenance of the childhood habit into adulthood may compromise health. As there are few studies on this issue, there is a need for further research on sleep bruxism among children. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep bruxism in children and the influence of psychosocial factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 652 randomly selected children aged 7–10 years at public and private schools in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The instruments used were: questionnaire for parents, Child Stress Scale, and the scales on neuroticism and responsibility from the prevalidated Big Five Questionnaire for Children. Psychological tests were administered and evaluated by psychologists. Sleep bruxism among children was reported by parents. The Social Vulnerability Index from the city hall database was used to determine the social classification of the families. The chi-squared test, binary and multivariate logistic regressions were used, with the significance level set at 5%. Results. A 35.3% prevalence of bruxism was found. No association was found between bruxism and stress, gender, age, or social vulnerability. The adjusted logistic model determined that children with high levels of neuroticism (OR = 1.9, CI 1.3–2.6) and responsibility (OR = 2.2, CI 1.0–5.0) are twice as likely to have the habit of sleep bruxism when compared to those who have low levels of these personality traits. Conclusions. A high degree of responsibility and neuroticism, which are individual personality traits, are determinant factors for the development of sleep bruxism among children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychology programs were first recognized in Brazilian universities during the mid-20th century. Prior to that, psychology had been taught in conjunction with other programs such as medicine, law, and education. The growth of psychology programs has been rapid in the last 25 years. From the time the Brazilian government first established a 5-year degree program in 1962, the number of psychology programs regulated by the Ministry of Education has increased to about 150. Graduate programs, established in 1965 and 1968, are also rapidly expanding. Psychology teaching draws on both European and US traditions in content and teaching methodology. A sociocultural psychological orientation is emphasized. Psychologists are prepared in 5-year undergraduate programs including 2 years of internship and extensive coursework in all areas of the discipline, including neurophysiology, psychobiology, social psychology, clinical psychology, developmental psychology, health psychology, and organizational psychology. Programs must follow national curriculum guidelines. There is no consensus as to which textbooks to use in particular courses and these decisions are generally left to the discretion of the professors. The preference is for use of customized collections of readings rather than books. Textbooks are thought to provide one-sided perspectives and to discourage library research. The increasing availability of on-line journals and e-books has revolutionized information access in Brazil, as in the rest of the world, and these are often used. The goals of undergraduate psychology programs are to prepare capable psychologists to work in a variety of capacities to benefit Brazilian society as a whole. The majority of psychologists practice in urban areas. Community organizations and social movements operating in rural areas may also have psychologists on staff. The optimism, respect for diversity, and dedication to democratic principles that are leading Brazil quickly into strong economic and social prominence in the 21st century are reflected in the teaching of psychology. Les programs en psychologie furent d'abord reconnus dans les universités brésiliennes vers le milieu du vingtième siècle. Auparavant, la psychologie était enseignée en conjonction avec d'autres programs tels que la médecine, la loi et l'éducation. La croissance des programs de psychologie fut rapide au cours des 25 dernières années. À partir du moment où le Gouvernement brésilien a mis sur pied un program de 5 ans en 1962, le nombre de programs en psychologie gérés par le Ministère de l'éducation a augmenté à environ 150. Les programs d'études supérieures, établis en 1965 et 1968, ont aussi rapidement pris de l'expansion. L'enseignement de la psychologie se base à la fois sur les traditions européennes et états-uniennes sur le plan du contenu et de la méthode d'enseignement. Une orientation socioculturelle psychologique est mise de l'avant. Les psychologues reçoivent une formation de 5 ans incluant 2 ans d'internat et de cours intensifs dans tous les domaines de la discipline, incluant la neurophysiologie, la psychobiologie, la psychologie sociale, la psychologie clinique, la psychologie développementale, la psychologie de la santé et la psychologie organisationnelle. Les programs scolaires doivent suivre des lignes directrices nationales. Il n'y a pas de consensus sur les manuels à utiliser dans les cours et ces décisions sont généralement laissées à la discrétion des professeurs. Les manuels de cours sont considérés comme une limite en ce sens qu'ils permettent d'apprendre selon une perspective unilatérale et ils découragent la recherche à la bibliothèque. La disponibilité croissante des périodiques en ligne et des livres électroniques a révolutionné l'accès à l'information au Brésil, tout comme dans le reste du monde. Ces médias sont également souvent utilisés. Les buts des programs de psychologie visent à préparer des psychologues capables de travailler dans une variété de contextes afin de venir en aide à la société brésilienne dans son ensemble. La majorité des psychologues pratiquent dans les milieux urbains. Les organismes communautaires et les mouvements sociaux opérant dans les milieux ruraux peuvent également avoir des psychologues parmi leurs intervenants. L'optimisme, le respect pour la diversité et le dévouement aux principes démocratiques qui mènent rapidement le Brésil dans une forte proéminence économique et sociale au vingt-et-unième siècle sont reflétés dans l'enseignement de la psychologie. Los programas de psicología se reconocieron inicialmente en las universidades brasileñas hacia mediados del siglo veinte. Antes de esto, se había enseñado psicología conjuntamente con otros programas como medicina, leyes y educación. El crecimiento de los programas de psicología ha sido rápido en los últimos veinticinco años. Desde el momento en el que el gobierno de Brasil estableció inicialmente el programa de cinco años en 1962, el número de programas de psicología regulados por el Ministerio de Educación ha aumentado a aproximadamente 150. Los programas de grado, establecidos en 1965 y 1968, también se están expandiendo rápidamente. La enseñanza de la psicología se deriva tanto de la tradición europea como de la estadounidense en cuanto a contenido como a metodología de la enseñanza. Se hace hincapié en una orientación sociocultural. Se prepara a los psicólogos en programas de pregrado de cinco años que incluyen dos años de internado y en el trabajo asignado para los cursos en todas las áreas de la disciplina, inclusive neurofisiología, psicobiología, psicología social, psicología clínica, psicología evolutiva, psicología de la salud y psicología organizacional. Los programas deben ajustarse a lineamientos curriculares nacionales. No existe un consenso respecto a qué libros de texto emplear en los cursos específicos y se deja estas decisiones generalmente a la discreción de los profesores. Hay preferencia por el uso de colecciones lecturas a la medida más que por libros. Se piensa que los libros de texto presentan perspectivas unilaterales y desalientan la investigación bibliográfica. La disponibilidad en aumento de revistas en línea y de libros electrónicos ha revolucionado el acceso a la información en Brasil, tal como en el resto del mundo, y se usan a menudo. Las metas de los programas de pregrado en psicología son preparar psicólogos capaces de trabajar en una variedad de destrezas para beneficio de la sociedad brasileña como un todo. La mayoría de los psicólogos practica en áreas urbanas. Las organizaciones comunitarias y los movimientos sociales que operan en áreas rurales cuentan también con psicólogos como parte de su personal. El optimismo, el respeto a la diversidad y dedicación a los principios democráticos, que conduce rápidamente a Brasil hacia la prominencia económica y social en el siglo 21, se refleja en la enseñanza de la psicología. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on a program that provides person-centered therapy for impoverished maltreated, and neglected children and adolescents in Brazil. The program, which is staffed by volunteer therapists, started in 2002 Since then, nearly 100 hundred children and adolescents have received therapy in three institutions, one residential and two nonresidential. The general outcomes are described, leading to the conclusion that person-centered therapy is an effective strategy for the promotion of children's and adolescents' resilience, even in the context of multiple adverse conditions such as socioeconomic disadvantage, neglect, maltreatment, and abandonment We conclude that the multicultural feature of person-centered therapy explains its effectiveness in this distinct population of Brazilian lower-class and non-White children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article aims at reflecting on psychology's professional model in Brazil. The psychologists' departure from the private clinic to a greater concern with the social context leads to an increased interest in the health area, extending to the public sphere and to the demands of the institutional context. Health Psychology springs from the need to foster health and to think about the health-illness process as a social phenomenon. We discuss the nature of primary, secondary and tertiary intervention, the models of curative and preventive intervention and the emergent paradigm in opposition to the traditional one. We also emphasize the need to know the institution and the real state of public health in Brazil, favoring a critical view of psychology in relation to illness, hospitalization and sociocultural relations. We conclude that the training of future professionals must emphasize the specificity of the action, make possible the development of critical reflection on the psychologist's role, insertion and professional identity, with a bio-psycho-social view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]