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A new species of Pimelodella is described from the rio Paraguai basin in Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso States, Brazil. The new species distinguishes from all other members of the genus based on a unique combination of characteristics, which include: dorsal profile straight from snout to dorsal-fin, maxillary barbel reaching at least the anal-fin terminus when parallel to main body axis, robust dorsal-fin spine bearing small spinules along three-fourths of its posterior margin, 41-42 total vertebrae (rarely 43 or 44), 13-23 large and retrorse blades at the posterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine, and dorsolateral region of body slightly darkened. This study also discusses the ichthyofaunal similarities between the Paraguai and Amazon basins, shedding light on their biogeographic history. Additionally, the research includes considerations about the sexual dimorphism of Pimelodella and provides an identification key for the Pimelodella species found in the Paraguai basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational communication has been gaining prominence since the 1970s with the integration of information technologies into education, especially in more developed countries, gaining strength in Brazil over the past two decades. Paulo Freire was one of the promoters of this creative perspective of Communication/Education interrelation, pointing to the essentially dialogical nature of communication processes for the formation of a "critical consciousness." However, educational communication can also occur analogically without the use of technologies, such as in the making of signs, posters, models, pamphlets, exhibitions, and similar items. Environmental educational communication can be especially utilized through fast media, such as social networks, with YouTube Shorts, Instagram Stories or Reels, and short TikTok videos, which can be explored for the creation of audiovisual resources, as well as for the production of clips, short films, among others, all of which have a wide reach of environmental educational communication to the current population. The objective of this chapter is to explore the role of environmental educational communication as a tool for the dissemination and conservation of protected areas in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, also known as Baixada Fluminense, presenting an overview of these areas with a focus on the Mário Xavier National Forest (Flona MX). The conservation units of Baixada Fluminense suffer from stereotypes attributed to the social and economic issues of the region, these facts contribute to the invisibility of these green areas, directly affecting conservation. Changing this scenario can come from encouraging society to become active in conservation, taking on the role of protagonists and for that, educomunicação must be present in these spaces, providing information, knowledge, and dissemination of these spaces, making society recognize the importance of protected areas, known in Brazil as Conservation Units. Thus, it was identified that the use of technological resources such as social media are extremely important tools and should be incorporated into communication plans of protected areas, as well as shared management practices should become more present, especially with the technical scientific support of universities, having the Shared Guard Extension Program Flona Mário Xavier, with a great example of integration and success in Baixada Fluminense for conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distributional patterns of the species of the South American freshwater crayfishes of the family Parastacidae were analysed using panbiogeographical track analyses to identify targeted regions of crayfish biodiversity for understanding biogeographical patterns. Two generalized tracks were identified using the track analysis approach: (1) Uruguay and Brazil (Parastacus brasiliensis , P. brasiliensis promatensis , P. buckupi , P. caeruleodactylus , P. defossus , P. fluviatilis , P. gomesae , P. guapo , P. macanudo , P. pilimanus , P. pilicarpus , P. saffordi , P. tuerkayi , P. varicosus); and (2) Central-southern Chile (P. nicoleti , P. pugnax , Samastacus spinifrons , Virilastacus araucanius , V. jarai , V. retamali and V. rucapihuelensis). These areas were exclusive, with no overlap between them. The results indicate the presence of South American Parastacidae crayfish in Atlantic coastal sub-tropical and Pacific coastal temperate wet climate regions with biogeographic similarities to other South American inland water decapods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understand the role of the drivers in vegetation pattern is essential in ecology since diversity plays a major role in the stability and maintenance of plant communities. The murundus are small and scattered earthmounds with a differentiated flora of its surrounding. In our study site (Campo Maior, Piauí, Northeastern Brazil), we classified them in three categories: presence of carnaúba (PC), presence of tucum (PT), and with the absence of palm trees (AP). Here, our goals were (1) to explore alpha diversity using the richness estimator and abundance distribution rank, expecting that palm trees could influence the richness of plant species on murundus; (2) analyzing the species richness-area relationship in the murundus, following the assumptions that the largest one holds more species; (3) find the changes in the species composition (beta diversity) between the three categories of murundus, assuming which the presence of palm trees influence the species composition; and (4) investigate if the distance between murundus is a decisive factor in the species composition, where the closest murundus are the most similar in species composition. Ours results showed that palms trees do not influence the richness of the murundus, the largest murundus are the richest ones, and the turnover predominantly determines beta diversity in the different murundus categories. Furthermore, the distance between the murundus did not determine its floristic similarity. Overall, we demonstrated which the species of palm trees are not the main drive of the plant assemblage in the murundus, however its size comprises a major factor in the richness, with great species substitution, which explains the high plant diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new species are described and illustrated: Waltheria hatschbachii, W. hoehnei, both endangered for extinction, W. coriacea, W. flavovirens and W. matogrossensis. All are endemic to Brazil, in Cerrado s. l. associated with the Brazilian Plateau in N, NE, CW, and SE Brazil. Their affinities and the distinctness from W. ferruginea s. l. are discussed, and they are associated and compared with W. ferruginea s. str., from cerrado, W. brachypetala, from caatinga, W. biribiriensis and W. terminans, both from campo rupestre. The geographic distribution of all nine species is illustrated, and a new identification key for these and for the two sections of Waltheria is provided. All nine species share a clavate stigma in pin (or thrum) flowers, that morphotype given earlier as distinguishing one of three main species groups of the genus, and a new character, the ferruginea type stipitate-stellate trichome, illustrated here. Subconduplicate petals are first reported in the tribe Hermannieae, often keyed by flat petals. Waltheria is first signaled here to present the same enigmatic biogeographical pattern noted before for Triraphis (Poaceae) between Chapada dos Veadeiros, Africa and Australia. Other new taxonomic characters for Waltheria are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coastal basins of southeastern Brazil are influenced by climatic changes that caused sea-level oscillations during the Pleistocene. These marine transgressions and regressions can generate isolation and connection among coastal rivers. In this region, freshwater fishes are excellent models for phylogeographic studies because their distributions may have been affected by geographical and ecological changes resulting from these processes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Pleistocene sea-level changes on the genetic structure of the loricariid Hisonotus leucofrenatus throughout its area of occurrence. Two genes were sequenced: Cytochrome Oxidase subunit 1 (mitochondrial gene) and rpS7 ribosomal protein gene intron 1 (nuclear gene) from specimens representing 14 river drainages. The genetic data corroborate a divide for freshwater fish by the Serra do Tabuleiro mountain in Santa Catarina State. This divide determines two main genetic groups in H. leucofrenatus: one group to the south and one to the north of this mountain range. The genetic structure observed coincide with the limits of estimated paleodrainage systems for the region, supporting that marine transgressions and regressions during the Pleistocene influenced the biogeographical history of H. leucofrenatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2015 a chance discovery of the beach moon flower in coastal Brazil led to an investigation of the global occurrence, distribution, and abundance of this pantropical littoral plant species. We here document new distribution records for coastal Brazil and West Tropical Africa; postulate a human-mediated long-distance dispersal for this species from the Indo-Pacific to the Atlantic, followed by local distribution via ocean currents; and provide historical context on the name confusion with other species. We also point out the risks inherent in using specimen information available on the internet without adequate verification for the identity of the specimens as a necessary first step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogeography presents itself as one of the fields of study of Physical Geography, related to social, economic, ecological and cultural aspects. From this perspective, this essay drawn up a comparative study of nuances and synergies among forest peoples in two extremes of Brazil. Two traditional communities were sampled: the 'seringueiros' of the Seringal Porongaba in the state of Acre, and the people of Faxinal Sete Saltos de Baixo, at Campos Gerais, in the state of Paraná. Among the nuances, we highlight, for example, the geographical factor, the characteristics of the areas and the productive activities. Regarding synergies, we mention ecological, sociocultural and territorial management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the speed at which humans are changing the climate, species with high degrees of endemism may not have time to avoid extinction through adaptation. We investigated through teleconnection analysis the origin of rainfall that determines the phylogenetic diversity of rainforest frogs and the effects of microclimate differences in shaping the morphological traits of isolated populations (which contribute to greater phylogenetic diversity and speciation). We also investigated through teleconnection analysis how deforestation in Amazonia can affect ecosystem services that are fundamental to maintaining the climate of the Atlantic rainforest biodiversity hotspot. Seasonal winds known as flying rivers carry water vapor from Amazonia to the Atlantic Forest, and the breaking of this ecosystem service could lead Atlantic Forest species to population decline and extinction in the short term. Our results suggest that the selection of morphological traits that shape Atlantic Forest frog diversity and their population dynamics are influenced by the Amazonian flying rivers. Our results also suggest that the increases of temperature anomalies in the Atlantic Ocean due to global warming and in the Amazon forest due to deforestation are already breaking this cycle and threaten the biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest hotspot., (© 2022 Society for Conservation Biology.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Tamoios is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Oceanography is the property of Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to phytogeographical analysis of the caatinga of National Park Serra of Capivara (Piauí - Brazil). His physiognomy combined with other constituents of the natural conditions the spatial arrangement of the area in question. The methods used were developed from two stages: the first referred to the survey and literature review related to the theme and the second through field inspections and analysis on phytogeographical aspects. The preliminary survey results showed how the vegetation of the caatinga is a large area of plant species with a marked degree of morphological and physiological heterogeneity. With the continuity of research through a detailed survey of flora, area of occurrence of species and their phytogeographical distribution will serve as a baseline for monitoring and appropriate management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias is the property of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management / Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada is the property of Associacao Portuguesa dos Recursos Hidricos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amazonia is a highly threatened rainforest that encompasses a major proportion of Earth's biological diversity. Our main goal was to establish conservation priorities for Amazonia's areas of endemism on the basis of measures of evolutionary distinctiveness. We considered two previously identified sets of areas of endemism. The first set consisted of eight large areas used traditionally in biogeographical studies: Belém, Tapajós, Xingu, Guiana, Rondônia, Imeri, Inambari, and Napo. The second set consisted of 16 smaller areas that were subdivisions of the larger areas. We assembled a data set of 50 phylogenies that represented 16 orders and 1715 distributional records. We identified priority conservation areas for the areas of endemism according to node-based metrics of evolutionary distinctiveness. We contrasted these results with priority areas identified on the basis of raw species richness and species endemicity. For the larger areas, we identified Guiana and Inambari as the first- and second-most important areas for conservation. The remaining areas in this first group scored half (e.g., Napo) or less than Guiana and Inambari on all indices. For the smaller areas, a subdivision of Guiana (i.e., Guyana and the Brazilian states of Roraima and Amazonas) was at the top of the ranking and was followed by a subdivision of Inambari (i.e., northwestern portion of Amazonas) and then another subdivision of Guiana (i.e., Suriname, French Guiana, and the Brazilian state of Amapá). The distinctiveness-based rankings of the priority of areas correlated directly with those derived from species richness and species endemicity. Current conservation strategies in Amazonia, although they rely on many other criteria apart from phylogeny, are focusing on the most important areas for conservation we identified here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which proposed a new molecular phylogeny for akodontine rodents from Brazil. Total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was obtained from grounded tissues of 20 samples belonging to 8 species of the genus Akodon,while the other 28 sequences were obtained from GenBank. The proposed three phylogenetic trees were constructed by the methods of Neighbor-Joining Minimum Evolution and Maximum Parsimony. The similarities and differences of the topology of the taxa are discussed. It describes how the dating dispersion events are calculated.

Abstract: Among the South American Pleistocene Glyptodontidae (Xenarthra, Cingulata), one of the most scarcely represented genus in the fossil record is Neuryurus Ameghino, in which the only well characterized species, until now, is Neuryurus rudis (Gervais), coming from the Ensenadan (early-middle Pleistocene) of the Pampean region, Argentina. In this contribution, we report and describe a new species of Neuryurus, coming from the Arroyo Feliciano Formation (early Lujanian; ca. 130 ka), Entre Ríos province, Argentina, in a particular palaebiogeographic context, more associated with the western sector of Uruguay and southern Brazil than the Pampean region. From a morphological perspective, this new taxon is characterized by: (a) the remarkable development of the foramina at the exposed surface of the osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, showing un aspect almost spongy; (b) the large diameter of the perforations observed in the ventral surface of the osteoderms, resembling to those present in the dorsal surface of the osteoderms of the Glyptodontidae Doedicurinae; (c) the evident thickness of the osteoderms, as in Glyptodon Owen; (d) area of contact and articulation of adjacent osteoderms very denticulate, with deep osseous interdigitating projections, as in Glyptodon and Glyptotherium Osborn, but here more evident; (e) larger osteoderms of the dorsal carapace showing, in the dorsal surface, many little conical tubercles, having some resemblance to Panochthus tuberculatus Burmeister. The presence of this new species in the early late Pleistocene of the Mesopotamic region is another element that adds to the biogeographical characterization of this particular area, especially evident during the warm and humid pulses of the late Pleistocene. In turn, this species represents the most complete record of the genus outside the Pampean region and partially complete the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of the genus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of EntomoBrasilis is the property of EntomoBrasilis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias is the property of Revista Brasileira de Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)