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This paper focuses in the description, radiocarbon dating and isotopic analyses (δ 13C, δ 18O) of new fossils of Panthera onca from the late Pleistocene of the Brazilian Intertropical Region. This paper focuses on the paleoecology of this large cat and is of major importance to understand ecological niches in evolutionary time. Radiocarbon datings and stable isotope compositions (carbon and oxygen) were determined from the structural carbonate of enamel for two fossils of Panthera onca found in two caves in Bahia, Brazil. Isotopic data available of large faunivores and other extinct and extant herbivorous taxa from the late Pleistocene of the Brazilian Intertropical Region were used for paleoecological interpretations. Carbon and oxygen isotopic values from P. onca allow us to suggest that these individuals lived in arboreal savanna habitat between 26 and 33 kyr BP, could reach 209 kg and feed mainly on Nothrotherium maquinense , Tapirus terrestris and Alouatta sp., being a specialist. The isotopic niche overlap with Smilodon populator and Arctotherium wingei was high, while with Protocyon troglodytes was low. In the late Pleistocene P. onca probably suffer high ecological pressure by S. populator , while with A. wingei this could not occur, as this species could be mainly herbivorous. • Two new records of Panthera onca fossils in caves of Bahia, Brazil. • Both remains are from the late Pleistocene (29 ka and 36 ka). • Body mass estimation varied between 89 kg and 209 kg. • The isotopic diet of P. onca was based mainly in ground sloths, tapirs and monkeys. • onca probably suffer high ecological pressure by S. populator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]