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This study presents findings derived from an investigation into parent-child interactions among Brazilian adoptive families conducted through online recording and analysis. Participating parents enrolled in an online Parental Training Program titled Adoption: Beginning of New Bonds, which emphasized parental reflective function. Data collection spanned from March to November 2021, coinciding with the isolation measures imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. The study aimed to delineate interaction patterns within the sampled group and assess whether any alterations occurred in these patterns pre- and post-program participation. The sample consisted of 23 adoptive parents who had adopted a child under the age of five from the public child welfare system. Video recordings of parent-child free play sessions were collected online both before and after program participation. Results indicated a significant difference in the proportion of parents demonstrating sensitivity toward their child, accompanied by a noticeable trend toward enhanced quality in child interaction with their caregivers. Furthermore, this study offers valuable insights for refining observational instruments within the context of adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature emphasizes that motivations for having a child are an important factor in mother-child adaptation post-adoption. Unfortunately, there are no instruments on motivations to have a child adapted to this population that can contribute to new evidence with quantitative research. Therefore, this paper aimed to adapt and investigate evidence of validity and reliability of the MCS scale (Brenning et al., 2015) within a sample of expectant adoptive mothers. The transcultural adaptation followed eight rigorous steps, including experts, focus groups, back-translation, and a pilot study conducted with biological mothers and soon-to-be adoptive mothers. For evidence of reliability, the scale was applied to a sample of 267 women waiting to adopt a child, with an average age of 38.7 years. The five-factor structure was confirmed, and the factors correlated as in a continuum, supporting the Self-Determination Theory. The MCS is valid and reliable for assessing the quality and intensity of the motivation to have a child in Brazil and in the context of adoptive motherhood, and it is suitable for future empirical research and practical application. Highlights: This study validated the MCS scale to the context of adoptive motherhood and, by doing so, provided an efficient tool for future empirical research. The MCS scale has good psychometric properties for use in Brazil in the context of soon-to-be adoptive mothers. The five-factor structure was confirmed, supporting the Self Determination Theory in this sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through fingerprinting analysis using reference microsatellite markers and comparing with the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) database, it was possible to discover that in Brazil, the wine grape variety cultivated for over 70 years, called 'Peverella' (Variety number VIVC = 12963; National Register of Vine Varieties (Italy), code: 254) is actually the grape variety called 'Boschera' (Variety number VIVC = 1576; National Register of Vine Varieties (Italy), code: 326). This discovery makes wines produced in Brazil even rarer (with only approximately 10 hectares planted worldwide), presenting an additional means to promote and market this historic variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses public funding of the development of Brazilian audiovisual production and the main agents involved in its conception and implementation. Public policies impacted the total revenue of US$ 4.5 billion of the national audiovisual industry in 2014, representing approximately 0.45% of the national GDP and surpassing the percentage participation of sectors such as the pharmaceutical industry. This article addresses the question of whether this innovative Brazilian policy for promoting audiovisual production can be considered to be wellconsolidated, with a well-structured active production chain. It discusses how the policy originated, how it became institutionalized, and the contribution provided by those who played a key role in its development and implementation (2009–2016). The analysis draws on theories relating to the political economy of communication. The research methods and techniques adopted include analysis of data from Brazilian government agencies, exhibitors, professional and trade-union associations, and media groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pharmacoinvasive strategy is an effective myocardial reperfusion therapy when primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) cannot be performed in a timely manner. Methods: Authors sought to evaluate metrics of care and cardiovascular outcomes in a decade-long registry of a pharmacoinvasive strategy network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Data from a local network including patients undergoing fibrinolysis in county hospitals and systematically transferred to the tertiary center were accessed from March 2010 to September 2020. Numerical variables were described as median and interquartile range. Area under the curve (AUC-ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of TIMI and GRACE scores for in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 2,710 consecutive STEMI patients aged 59 [51–66] years, 815 women (30.1%) and 837 individuals with diabetes (30.9%) were analyzed. The time from symptom onset to first-medical-contact was 120 [60–210] minutes and the door-to-needle time was 70 [43–115] minutes. Rescue-PCI was required in 929 patients (34.3%), in whom the fibrinolytic-catheterization time was 7.2 [4.9–11.8] hours, compared to 15.7 [6.8–22,7] hours in those who had successful lytic reperfusion. All cause in-hospital mortality occurred in 151 (5.6%) patients, reinfarction in 47 (1.7%) and ischemic stroke in 33 (1.2%). Major bleeding occurred in 73 (2.7%) patients, including 19 (0.7%) cases of intracranial bleeding. C-statistic confirmed that both scores had high predictive values for in-hospital mortality, demonstrated by TIMI AUC-ROC of 0.80 [0,77–0.84] and GRACE AUC-ROC of 0.86 [0.83—0.89]. Conclusion: In a real world registry of a decade-long network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction based on the pharmacoinvasive strategy, low rates of in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were observed, despite prolonged time metrics for both fibrinolytic therapy and rescue-PCI. Register Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02090712 date of first registration 18/03/2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Carta Internacional is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Relacoes Internacionais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Brazilian lancehead (Bothrops moojeni) has a wide distribution in Brazil and represents a serious public health hazard. Previous works reported that the symptoms of snakebites caused by B. moojeni juveniles' bites were mainly related to coagulation, while those caused by adults' bites had a more prominent local damage. In this work, we analyzed the venoms of B. moojeni at different life stages to better understand the ontogeny shift in this species. Snakes were grouped by age and sex, and venom pools were formed accordingly. Compositional analyses by one-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE), chromatography, and mass spectrometry revealed that ontogenetic changes might be mostly related to phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and metalloproteases. Regarding the venoms functional aspect, proteolytic, L-amino acid oxidase, PLA2, and coagulant in vitro activities were assayed, but only the first and the last ones showed age-related changes, with the venom of snakes up to 1 year-old displaying lower proteolytic and higher coagulant activities, while those from 2 years-old onward presented the opposite relation. The venoms of 3 years-old snakes were exceptions to the compositional and functional pattern of adults as both venoms presented profiles similar to neonates. Sex-related differences were observed in specific groups and were not age-related. In vivo experiments (median lethal dose and hemorrhagic activity) were statistically similar between neonates and adults, however we verified that the adult venom killed mice faster comparing to the neonates. All venoms were mostly recognized by the antibothropic serum and displayed similar profiles to 1-DE in western blotting. In conclusion, the Brazilian lancehead venom showed ontogenetic shift in its composition and activities. Furthermore, this change occurred in snakes from 1 to 2 years-old, and interestingly the venom pools from 3 years-old snakes had particular characteristics, which highlights the importance of comprehensive studies to better understand venom variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lance-headed snakes are found in Central and South America, and they account for most snakebites in Brazil. The phylogeny of South American pitvipers has been reviewed, and the presence of natural and non-natural hybrids between different species of Bothrops snakes demonstrates that reproductive isolation of several species is still incomplete. The present study aimed to analyze the biological features, particularly the thrombin-like activity, of venoms from hybrids born in captivity, from the mating of a female Bothrops erythromelas and a male Bothrops neuwiedi, two species whose venoms are known to display ontogenetic variation. Proteolytic activity on azocoll and amidolytic activity on N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride (BAPNA) were lowest when hybrids were 3 months old, and increased over body growth, reaching values similar to those of the father when hybrids were 12 months old. The clotting activity on plasma diminished as hybrids grew; venoms from 3- and 6-months old hybrids showed low clotting activity on fibrinogen (i.e., thrombin-like activity), like the mother venom, and such activity was detected only when hybrids were older than 1 year of age. Altogether, these results point out that venom features in hybrid snakes are genetically controlled during the ontogenetic development. Despite the presence of the thrombin-like enzyme gene(s) in hybrid snakes, they are silenced during the first six months of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the opinion of parents or guardians of adolescents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) about their children's exposure as perpetrators or victims of violence situations in family life or outside. Method: qualitative study with use of thematic oral history. Nine parents of 07 adolescents with ADHD participated. Data were collected from April to September of 2013 using thematic interview. The interviews were recorded at scheduled times at the participants' home, with an average duration of 30 minutes. The findings were submitted to inductive thematic analysis. Results: data analysis allowed the identification of the occurrence of "Conflicts in family life" and "Conflicts in the context of school and community". Parents reported the involvement of their children as victims, perpetrators and witnesses of physical and psychological violence, and the difficulty of them and the school to understand and handle these situations. Conclusion: violence occurs in ADHD adolescents' interpersonal relationships. Communication between health professionals, school and families is precarious. Through the systematization of nursing care, nurses can plan strategies that articulate support networks and interpersonal relationships of adolescents with the disorder (family and school). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grapevine breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to promote the viticulture sustainability worldwide. Due the perennial nature of grapevine, it is essential that the genetic resistance should be durable. However, biotrophic pathogens with a mixed reproduction systems associated with heterotalism, such as Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, have a high evolutionary potential that confers a strong capacity to overcome resistance mechanisms. Thus, the main aim of this work was to evaluate the level of adaptation of P. viticola populations to resistant grape varieties/genotypes carrying different combinations of R-Gene alleles in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. For this purpose, P. viticola inocula were collected from two sites of the State (Curitibanos and Urussanga) in the year of 2021. The inoculum was composed of a mixture of sporangia sampled at the end of the grapevine cycles, from hosts containing the R-alleles Rpv3, Rpv10, Rpv1+3, Rpv3+10. The sporangia suspension was prepared from each population and used in cross inoculations using leaf discs of the susceptible variety Cabernet Sauvignon and a panel of ten cultivars/genotypes containing different R-alleles combinations (Rpv3.1, Rpv3.1+3.2, Rpv3.1+3.3, Rpv1+3.1, Rpv10, Rpv10+3.3, Rpv10+3.1+3.3, Rpv12 and Rpv12+3.1). At six days after cross-inoculation (dai), disease severity, resistance level (OIV 452-1 descriptor) and sporulation incidence were evaluated; at 7 dai, sporangia production was measured. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of normality and variance, followed by the Freedman, Dunn's and Tukey tests. The Rpv12 allele was the most effective source of resistance, limiting completely the sporulation of the pathogen. Rpv10 allele was also highly efficient, and no additive effect was observed when combined with the Rpv3 allele. In addition, an erosion of the resistance conferred by Rpv3 allele was observed, manifested as a dense sporulation as Cabernet Sauvignon. However, when Rpv3 was combined with Rpv1, a high level of resistance was generally observed. Isolates collected from Curitibanos and Urussanga were able to sporulate in host carrying Rpv1+3, and Rpv3+10, bringing concerns about the durability. This knowledge is fundamental for the definition of breeding strategies for the release of grapevine varieties with durable resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemomechamcal caries removal, when compared with removal using conventional rotary instruments, seems to preserve healthy tooth structure with less trauma to the patient. This study performed in vivo analysis of the total number of microorganisms in dentin after the use of conventional or chemomechanical (papain gel) caries removal methods. Analyses were performed before caries removal (baseline), immediately after caries removal, and 45 days after caries removal and temporary cavity sealing. Sixty patients were selected for this study, each with two mandibular molars (one on each side) with occlusal caries of moderate depth, for a total of 120 teeth. For each patient, the carious lesion of one tooth was removed by conventional methods using low speed drills (Group 1). For the other tooth, a chemomechanical method was used (Group 2). Dentin samples were collected at the 3 intervals and subjected to microbiological culture in blood agar. For the total number of microorganisms in both groups, ANOVA and Tukey tests (which considered the baseline values as a covariable) showed a higher microbial count immediately after the preparation of the cavity compared to the count at 45 days (P< 0.05). For both groups, the total count of microorganisms in dentin decreased 45 days after placing the temporary cavity sealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]