1. Identification of Tetrabromobisphenol A Allyl Ether and Tetrabromobisphenol A 2,3-Dibromopropyl Ether in the Ambient Environment near a Manufacturing Site and in Mollusks at a Coastal Region.
- Author
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Guangbo Qu, Aifeng Liu, Thanh Wang, Chaoli Zhang, Jianjie Fu, Miao Yu, Jianteng Sun, Nali Zhu, Zhuona Li, Guohua Wei, Yuguo Du, Jianbo Shi, Sijin Liu, and Guibin Jiang
- Subjects
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FIREPROOFING agents & the environment , *BISPHENOL A , *ALLYL ethers , *CHEMICAL plants & the environment , *SOIL pollution monitoring , *CONTAMINATED sediment analysis , *BIOACCUMULATION , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of fireproofing agents , *INDICATOR organisms in marine pollution , *EARTHWORMS , *RICE hulls , *MOLLUSKS - Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is one of the most widely used brominated 8ame retardants (BFRs) and has been frequently detected in the environment and biota. Recent studies have found that derivatives of TBBPA, such as TBBPA bis(allyl) ether (TBBPA BAE) and TBBPA bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) ether (TBBPA BDBPE) are present in various environmental compartments. In this work, using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS), TBBPA allyi ether (TBBPA AE) and TBBPA 2,3-dibromopropyl ether (TBBPA DBPE) were identified in environmental samples and further confirmed by synthesized standards. Soil, sediment, rice hull, and earthworm samples collected near a BFR manufacturing plant were found to contain these two compounds. In sediments, the concentrations of TBBPA AE and TBBPA DBPE ranged from 1.0 to 346.6 ng/g of dry weight (dw) and from 0.7 to 292.7 ng/g of dw, respectively. TBBPA AE and TBBPA DBPE in earthworm and rice hull samples were similar to soil samples, which ranged from below the method limit of detection (LOD, <0.002 ng/g of dw) to 0.064 ng/g of dw and from below the LOD (<0.008 ng/g of dw) to 0.58 ng/g of dw, respectively. Furthermore, mollusks collected from the Chinese Bohai Sea were used as a bioindicator to investigate die occurrence and distribution of diese compounds in the coastal environment. The detection frequencies of TBBPA AE and TBBPA DBPE were 41 and 3296, respectively, and the concentrations ranged from below LOD (<0.003 ng/g of dw) to 0-54 ng/g of dw, with an average of 0.09 ng/g of dw, for TBBPA AE, and from below LOD (<0.008 ng/g of dw) to 1.41 ng/g of dw, with an average of 0.15 ng/g of dw, for TBBPA DBPE [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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