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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) often present together and complicate each other at many levels. Methodology: In this prospective study, we determined the prevalence of TD among 700 patients with T2DM attending the diabetes clinic of a tertiary care hospital who were recruited. Various sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, literacy status, and habits and clinical profile were assessed. Results: In all, 68% of male and 31% of female patients were enrolled in this study. About 33.5% of males and 66.4% of females were found with TD. One hundred and fifty-two (21.7%) patients were having TD. Diabetes and TD were more common among females, with advancing age, 45–70 years, sedentary, overweight patients and having familial history. Twenty-five percent of the patients were having prehypertension. About 10.5% of the patients were suffering with hyperthyroidism and 9% were suffering from subclinical hyperthyroidism. Forty-two percent were suffering from hypothyroidism, while 36% had subclinical hypothyroidism. Ten percent had higher T3 hormone levels, 11% had higher T4 hormone levels, and 69% had increased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Three percent of patients with diabetes and TD were having cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions: Out of 700 patients with T2DM, 21% were having different kinds of TD. More females with advancing age and sedentary lifestyle were having TD. Screening for TD among diabetes patients could improve case detection and early treatment, indirectly leading to better thyroid-specific treatment outcomes and prevention of DM complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]