Search

Objective: Several studies have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of the ear lobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease. Advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) can affect the structures and functions of proteins and contribute to the development of diabetic complications. However, few studies have reported the relationship between AGEs and ELC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of skin autofluorescence (SAF)‐AGEage (SAF‐AGEs × age/100) with ELC. Methods: This cross‐sectional study enrolled 6500 eligible participants from two communities in Beijing. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) was used to measure skin AGEs (SAF‐AGEs). SAF‐AGEage was defined as AGEs × age/100. Binary logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis nested in logistic models were applied to test outcomes. Results: The overall prevalence of ELC with an average age of 62.7 years participants was 57.1% (n = 3714). Age, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and lipoprotein cholesterol were all greater in participants with ELC. ELC‐positive participants had higher prevalence of coronary heart disease. Logistic analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between quartiles of SAF‐AGEage and ELC (odds ratio [OR] 1.526, 95% CI 1.324–1.759; OR 2.072, CI 1.791–2.396; and OR 2.983, CI 2.551–3.489) for the multivariate‐adjusted models, respectively. Stratified research revealed that those with a history of diabetes, hypertension, or coronary heart disease experienced the connection between SAF‐AGEage and ELC. Conclusion: ELC is associated with coronary heart disease, and the SAF‐AGE has a potential role in ELC development in elder people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) was related with both type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN). Prospective studies linking the TyG index to the incidence of T2DM and HTN comorbidity remain unclear. This study aimed to to explore the longitudinal association between TyG and new-onset T2DM with HTN. Methods: 4,434 subjects (1249 males and 3185 females) without initial T2DM and HTN were followed up for 7 years. This study was conducted from November 2011 to August 2018 in the Gucheng, Laoshan and Jinding communities of Beijing. The incidence of T2DM with HTN during the 7-year follow-up was identified as the endpoint. The TyG index was divided into four quartiles: the < 25% level, the 25–50% level, the 50–75% level and the ≥ 75% level. The relationships between the TyG index and T2DM with HTN were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: During 7 years, the augmented trend of T2DM with HTN was observed in the participants. After adjusting for all confounding factors, compared with those in the lowest quartile of TyG index, the population in the highest quartile of TyG index had a higher risk of T2DM with HTN (hazard ratio (HR), 2.878; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 1.230–6.731, P = 0.015), however, the association remained significant only in the female population (HR 2.753, 95% CI, 1.061–7.139, p = 0.037). The TyG had superior predictive ability of increased risk of T2DM with HTN for the populations of older age (≥ 65 years) (HR 2.694, 95% CI 1.212–5.989, p = 0.015), higher eGFR (≥ 90 mL/(min·1.73 m2)) (HR 2.603, 95% CI 1.164–5.818, p = 0.020) or obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2) (HR 2.547, 95% CI 1.001–6.478, p = 0.020). Conclusion: A population with a higher TyG index level was more likely to have an enhanced incidence of T2DM and HTN comorbidity. TyG index could have the significance of clinical in early protection against T2DM with HTN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The effect of the maximum body mass index (BMImax), which indicates the highest body weight before the diagnosis of T2DM, is not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the predictive value of BMImax in the progression of diabetes. Methods: This prospective study recruited 2018 subjects with normal glucose tolerance in Beijing, China. The subjects were followed up for eight years, and the association between BMImax and glucose outcomes was evaluated. Results: Ninety-seven of the 2,018 participants developed diabetes by the end of the study. Compared to individuals with normal glucose tolerance, those who developed diabetes were characterized by higher levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postload glucose (PBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), a higher prevalence of a familial history of diabetes and a lower level of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Multivariate regression analysis of sex-stratified groups suggested that FPG, HbA1c, SBP and familial history of diabetes were independent risk factors for diabetes, but that BMImax was a unique indicator for female patients. Conclusions: BMImax might be an independent predictor of T2DM in females, but it does not seem to be associated with the risk of diabetes in males. BMImax could be regarded as an indicator in the prevention and management of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obesity can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the predictive power of different obesity anthropometric indices (ObAIs) for T2DM varies with race and geographical area. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between different ObAIs and T2DM and determine the best index for screening T2DM in middle-aged and elderly men and women in Beijing, China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shijingshan district (Beijing, China) from November 2011 to August 2012, involving a total of 14,558 subjects aged ≥ 40 years. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, history of T2DM, hypertension and dyslipidemia were collected. Body height, body weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and blood pressure were recorded. The oral glucose tolerance test or a standard meal test and blood lipid test were performed. The relationship between different ObAIs and T2DM was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: After adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, occupation and education degree, diabetes family history, hypertension and dyslipidemia, body mass index (BMI), WC, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were positively associated with T2DM in both men and women. Compared with the lowest BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR quartiles, ORs of the highest quartiles were 2.131 (95% CI: 1.465– 3.099), 1.752 (95% CI: 1.270– 2.417), 1.342 (95% CI: 1.072– 1.678), 2.739 (95% CI: 2.293– 3.271) in men and 1.837 (95% CI: 1.584– 2.130), 3.122 (95% CI: 1.980– 4.924), 3.781 (95% CI: 2.855– 5.007), 2.379 (85% CI: 2.040– 2.775), respectively, in women. The areas under ROC curve of BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR for men were 0.584 (95% CI: 0.568– 0.600), 0.509 (95% CI: 0.492– 0.525), 0.501 (95% CI: 0.485– 0.518), and 0.642 (95% CI: 0.627– 0.658) and 0.619 (95% CI: 0.607– 0.632), 0.709 (95% CI: 0.697– 0.720), 0.741 (95% CI: 0.730– 0.752), and 0.654 (95% CI: 0.642– 0.666), respectively, for women. Conclusion: WHtR and WHR have been found to perform better as predictors of T2DM in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Previous studies have shown that the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (TG/HDL-C) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to investigate the nonlinear relationship between TG/HDL-C and the incidence of T2DM in a Chinese population. Methods. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of T2DM among 7,791 participants from the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal (REACTION) cohort study at baseline. Results. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, strenuous activity, education level, family histories of T2DM and tumors, and the presence of hypertension, tumor, stroke, and coronary heart disease, we showed that TG/HDL-C was positively associated with the incidence of T2DM at the 4-year follow-up (OR = 1.49 , 95 % CI = 1.26 – 1.78). TG/HDL-C and incidence of T2DM showed a nonlinear relationship; the inflection point of TG/HDL-C was 1.50. The ORs (95% CI) on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 2.50 (1.70–3.67) and 0.96 (0.67–1.37), respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) in the linear relationship, the OR of the incidence of T2DM was 1.60 (95 % CI = 1.37 – 1.87). When the TG/HDL-C was less than 1.50 or greater than 1.76, the ORs (95% CI) were 2.41 (1.82–3.18) or 0.81 (0.53–1.25), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed no relationships of T2DM incidence with sex, BMI, family history of T2DM, or TG/HDL-C. Conclusion. TG/HDL-C is positively associated with diabetes risk. In our study, with each increasing quintile, the risk of T2DM after 4 years was 1.60 or 1.49 depending on the variables adjusted. In addition, our cohort study showed a nonlinear relationship between TG/HDL-C and T2DM incidence, with an inflection point of 1.76 or 1.50, depending on the variables adjusted. When the TG/HDL was less than 1.50, the ORs (95% CI) were 2.41 (1.82–3.18) and 2.50 (1.70–3.67). When the TG/HDL-C was greater than 1.76 or 1.50, there was no significant difference in the change in OR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although diabetes is associated with hypertension, whether high blood glucose levels promote hypertension remains controversial. In this study we compared the predictive power of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the development of hypertension. Methods: This study was a substudy of the REACTION study, an ongoing longitudinal cohort study investigating the relationship of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with the risk of cancer in an urban Northern Chinese population in Beijing. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) after adjustment for risk factors for hypertension, including age, sex, body mass index, and triglycerides. Results: Among the 3437 participants, 497 developed hypertension during the 4-year follow-up. The logistic regression analysis showed that elevated FPG and 2hPG levels (FPG: OR 1.529; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.348–1.735; 2hPG: OR 1.144; 95% CI 1.100–1.191), but not HbA1c, were independent risk factors for the development of hypertension. In the highest quartile of FPG and 2hPG levels, the multivariable-corrected ORs were 2.115 (95% CI 1.612–2.777) and 2.346 (95% CI 1.787–3.080), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile. The adjusted models showed no significant correlations between quartile HbA1c levels and the development of hypertension. Conclusion: Higher FPG and 2hPG levels, but not HbA1c levels, are independent risk factors for developing hypertension in an urban Northern Chinese population. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01206869. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]