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China's economic reform has bred a rapidly expanding real estate sector, in which residential property management is an indispensable part. This article seeks to explore the administrative setup, enterprise structure, management regulations and operational focus of residential property management in China by using a case study (the Enjili Residential District) in Beijing. Data were collected in three field reconnaissance trips, during which interviews were conducted with government officials, management staff and the residents. It is found that property management in China is a new concept to both residents and management staff. The establishment and operation of market-orientated management firms is a significant progress from the traditional management approach under the planned economy. Residential property management firms fit into the existing administrative system by having a dual function to serve the interests of both government and the independent firm. It remains interesting to see how property management firms can work with government offices to satisfy the needs of both parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]