Search

Objective: To understand the regular exercise status and influencing factors in 18-64 year-old labor force population in Beijing, and provide evidences for behavioral intervention. Methods: Data were collected from Beijing Adult Non-communicable and Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance Program from August to December, 2017. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 13 240 survey subjects throughout the city. The valid sample size included in this study were 11 604 persons aged 18 to 64 years. Questionnaire was used to collection the information about basic demographic characteristics, chronic disease history and physical activity prevalence of the study subjects. The body height and weight were measured by standard methods. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for the detection of fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and other biochemical indicators. Software SPSS 20.0 was used fort complex sampling sample weighting and data analysis. Results: The proportions of the study subjects who did regular exercise and never had leisure-time activity in 18-64 year-old labor force population in Beijing were 23.74% (95% CI : 21.51%-26.12%) and 64.34% (95% CI : 61.66%-66.94%) respectively; The average daily physical activity time was 23.44 min (95% CI : 21.16-25.71), and the total daily sedentary behavior time was 6.96 hours (95% CI : 6.80-7.13). With the increase of age, the proportions of the study subjects who did regular exercise and never had leisure-time activity increased ( P =0.006, P <0.001). With the increase of educational level, the proportion of those who did regular exercise increased ( P <0.001), and the proportion of those who never had leisure-time activity decreased ( P <0.001); the higher the level of physical activity, the higher the regular exercise proportion ( P <0.001); the proportions of employed people who did regular exercise was lower than those in unemployed people ( P <0.001); the proportions of women never had leisure-time activity was higher than those in men ( P =0.024). The results of multivariate analysis showed that older age and higher education level were positive factors for regular exercise (35- years old: OR =0.653, 95% CI : 0.530-0.804, P <0.001; 50-64 years old: OR =0.695, 95% CI : 0.560-0.864, P =0.001; high school/technical secondary school/technical School: OR =0.679, 95% CI : 0.593-0.777, P <0.001; college graduation: OR =0.478, 95% CI : 0.387-0.590, P <0.001; bachelor degree and above: OR =0.435, 95% CI : 0.347-0.546, P <0.001), while employment ( OR =1.631, 95% CI : 1.330-2.000, P <0.001) and married/cohabitation ( OR =1.340, 95% CI : 1.093-1.644, P =0.038) were negative factors for regular exercise. Conclusions: The rate of regular exercise in 18-64 year-old labor force population in Beijing needs to be improved. Older age and high educational level were positive factors for regular exercise, while being married and employed were negative factors for it.

Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitude and behavior of salt reduction in adults of Beijing in 2017. Methods: Based on the monitoring data of chronic diseases and corresponding risk factors in adults of Beijing in 2017, the indicators of salt reduction knowledge, attitude and behavior of 13 240 participants aged 18-79 years old were analyzed. The awareness rate, attitude support rate and behavior rate were calculated by complex weighting method, and compared among different age groups, genders, residential areas, and history of hypertension. The proportion of people taking various salt reduction measures to the total number of people was compared. Results: The awareness rate of recommended daily salt intake, the awareness of hypertension caused or aggravated by more salt intake, the attitude support rate and behavior rate of adults were 31.77%, 88.56%, 90.27% and 53.86%, respectively. After weighted adjustment, the awareness rate of recommended daily salt intake was 31.08%, which increased with age (χ 2 trend =431.56, P <0.001) and education level (χ 2 trend =95.44, P <0.001). The awareness rate of women was higher than that of men (χ²=118.89, P In 2017, adults in Beijing have a basic understanding of the impact of high-salt diet on health and support salt reduction, but the rate of salt reduction behavior is still relatively low. There are obvious gender and age differences, and the salt reduction measure is simple. Targeted measures should be taken to promote the formation of salt reduction behavior.P =0.001). The awareness rate of hypertension caused or aggravated by eating more salt was 86.73%. The support rate of salt reduction attitude was 90.45%. The rate of salt-reducing behavior was 54.05%. Among different salt reduction measures, reducing salt when cooking was the most common measure (52.41%), while the least common one (35.22%) was using low sodium salt. Logistic regression model analysis showed that the gender, age, education level, self-reported history of hypertension, awareness of salt recommendation, awareness of hypertension caused or aggravated by eating more salt, and salt reduction attitude were significantly associated with salt reduction behavior. Conclusion: In 2017, adults in Beijing have a basic understanding of the impact of high-salt diet on health and support salt reduction, but the rate of salt reduction behavior is still relatively low. There are obvious gender and age differences, and the salt reduction measure is simple. Targeted measures should be taken to promote the formation of salt reduction behavior.

Objective: To understand the current status of taking nutrient supplements for residents aged 18 to 79 years old in Beijing and its related factors. Methods: Data were gathered from the 2017 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program. Multiple classified cluster sampling method was used, and participants aged 18-79 were sampled from 16 districts. The questionnaire included chronic diseases and related risk factors, health knowledge, and oral nutritional supplements within 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to analyze associated factors that affect the intake of nutrient supplements. Results: The weighted prevalence of supplements use was 13.1% among 12 696 subjects within the past 12 months. The proportions of multivitamins (4.7%), B vitamins (4.5%), and folic acid (3.2%) were higher. The prevalence of supplement use of young people (18-39 years old) and the elderly (60-79 years old) was higher than middle-aged people (40-59 years old) ( χ 2 =54.09, P <0.001). Except for the age group of 70-79 years old, the consumption rate of women was significantly higher than that of men ( P <0.05). After adjusting age and sex, among patients with hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia, the control rates of blood pressure, glucose and lipids of patients who take nutrient supplements were higher than those who do not ( P <0.05). And participants who took nutrient supplements had a more heightened awareness rate of health knowledge, such as the hazards of smoking and second-hand smoke, and recommended amount of salt per day ( P <0.001). The multi-factor logistic analysis found that nutrient supplement-related factors include women, old age, higher education level, living in urban, insufficient physical activity, sleeping problems, active physical examination, blood pressure control among patients, and health knowledge ( P <0.05). Conclusions: The factors of nutrient supplements use were related to sex, age, education level, health status, and health literacy. We should pay attention to key populations and guide them to establish the correct concept of taking nutrient supplements.

Objective: To understand the status quo of sleep and its associations with serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among nondiabetic people of 18-79 years old in Beijing. Methods: Data was gathered from the 2017 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program. Multiple classified clusters sampling method was used while the 18-79 years old were sampled from the 16 districts of Beijing. Questionnaires would include information on demographic characteristics, chronic diseases and related risk factors, sleep duration and related problems (snore/asphyxia, difficult to get to sleep, waking often during the night, waking up early or taking sleeping pills) within the last 30 days. Complex sampling logistic regression models were established to analyze the association between sleep-related problems and serum HbA1c. Results: A total of 11 608 non-diabetic participants were involved in this study, with average age, reported sleep duration and median of serum HbA1c level as (43.36±15.27) years old, (7.49±1.29) h/d and 5.30%, respectively. 47.38% of them reported having sleep problems within the last 30 days. With the increasing time of sleep, serum HbA1c level was fluctuating significantly ( F =413.06, P <0.01). Significant differences appeared in serum HbA1c levels among different age groups ( t =358.3, P <0.01). Among participants with several kinds of sleep problems, the serum HbA1c levels were significantly higher than those without, through the single factor analysis ( U =15.11, P <0.01). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the combination of one sleep-related problem ( OR =1.21, 95% CI : 1.03-1.41) and snore/asphyxia were associated with higher serum HbA1c levels (HbA1c≥5.7%) ( OR =1.37, 95% CI : 1.16-1.61). People under 60 years of age were with higher risk of having higher serum HbA1c levels. Conclusion: Duration and sleep-related problems might affect the serum HbA1c levels, especially among those younger than 60 years of age.

Objective: To understand the awareness of smoking hazards and intention of smoking concession in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing, and provide scientific evidence for the development and improvement of tobacco control policies and measures. Methods: Data were collected from the 2017 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease surveillance. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to take samples from 165 communities in 16 districts of Beijing. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: Among 11 594 participants, 49.93% had no intention of smoking concession. The percentage of refusing smoking concession was higher in men (50.39%) than in women (43.01%), the difference was significant ( χ (2)=14.211, P =0.002), and higher in suburban residents (56.78%) than in urban residents (45.30%), the difference was significant ( χ (2)=51.977, P <0.001). For the smoking cessation motivation, "illness" was the reason for more former smokers (29.88%) compared with current smokers (11.50%), the difference was significant ( χ (2)=85.865, P <0.001). The awareness rates of smoking hazards was higher in women (34.97%) than in men (32.63%), the difference was significant ( Z =5.612, P <0.001), higher in suburban residents (35.44%) than in urban residents (33.03%), the difference was significant ( Z =-3.734, P <0.001), and higher in never smokers (35.15%) than in smokers (30.06%), the difference was significant ( χ (2)=62.277, P =0.005). Multiple logistic regression analysis results showed people with general awareness ( OR =0.61, 95 %CI : 0.39-0.94) and poor awareness ( OR =0.67, 95 %CI : 0.50-0.90) of smoking hazards were less likely to quit smoking and people with general awareness ( OR =0.64, 95 %CI : 0.53-0.76) and poor awareness ( OR =0.87, 95 %CI : 0.78-0.98) of smoking hazards were more likely to smoke. Conclusions: Smokers aged 18-65 in Beijing had low willingness for smoking cessation. Health problem was main consideration for smoking cessation. Never-smokers had better awareness of smoking hazards than smokers, and the awareness of smoking hazards was an influencing factor of smoking status.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and related risk factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypercholesterolemia. Methods: The data were collected from Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Survey and stratified cluster sampling method was used to select study subjects, and questionnaire investigation, physical measurement and laboratory examination were conducted to collect information. Results: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and borderline hypercholesterolemia was 6.26 % and 21.34 % respectively in 17 662 residents surveyed, the average total cholesterol level was (4.69±0.95) mmol/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 6.33 % in men and 6.20 % in women, the difference was not significant ( Z =1.64, P =0.10). The prevalence was higher inurban area than in suburb (6.73 % vs . 5.59 % ; Z =-7.27, P <0.01). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased with age (trend χ(2) =308.85, P <0.01). The trend was observed in men (trend χ(2) =81.65, P <0.01), in women (trend χ(2) =318.04, P <0.01), in urban area (trend χ(2) =201.77, P <0.01) and in suburb (trend χ(2) =114.65, P <0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed age, being female ( OR =1.23, 95 %CI : 1.04-1.45), overweight ( OR =1.56, 95 %CI : 1.34-1.81), obesity ( OR =1.82, 95 %CI : 1.54-2.16), smoking ( OR =1.24, 95 %CI : 1.03-1.50), alcohol use ( OR =1.40, 95 %CI : 1.12-1.75), beef and mutton intake >1 time per week ( OR =1.19, 95 %CI : 1.02-1.39) were risk factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Beijing was lower than national level, and age, gender, location, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, beef and mutton intake were main influencing factors.