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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The aurora kinase A (AURKA) gene is a mitotic serine/threonine protein kinase that increases expression in several types of cancers, including HCC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AURKA gene significantly affect the development of HCC. To predict the role of rs1047972 of the AURKA gene in developing HCC in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients in a cohort in Egypt. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine AURKA rs1047972 polymorphisms in 200 individuals, including 70 HCC patients, 70 patients with chronic HCV infection, and 60 healthy controls. Distribution of TC, TT, TC + TT genotypes, and the T allele were significantly greater in HCC patients than in chronic HCV and control groups (P =.001,.005, and <.001, respectively). Compared to the HCV wild-type CC genotype, TC, TT, and TC + TT genotypes were correlated with an elevated rate of HCC (OR, 4.20 [95% CI = 1.92–9.21]; OR, 2.94 [95% CI = 1.10–7.87]; OR, 3.78 [95% CI = 1.83–7.84], respectively). The presence of the T allele was correlated with a higher rate of HCC (OR, 2.06 [95% CI = 1.27–3.35]) compared to the C allele. The AURKA rs1047972 genotype is correlated with a high rate of HCC development in chronic HCV patients in Egypt. AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; AURKA: aurora kinase A; BCLC: Barcelona- Clinic Liver Cancer; CBC: complete blood count; CT: computed tomography; DM: diabetes mellitus; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; EDTA: ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; HB: hemoglobin; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV: hepatitis C virus; INR: international normalized ratio; mRNA: messenger ribonucleic acid; OR: odds ratio; PVT: portal vein thrombosis; RT-PCR: real-time polymerase chain reaction; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; WBCs: white blood cells [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]