1. Molecular epidemiology of influenza A (H5N1) viruses, Bangladesh, 2007-2011.
- Author
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Hoque MA, Tun HM, Hassan MM, Khan SA, Islam SA, Islam MN, Giasuddin M, Osmani TM, Islam A, Thornton RN, Burgess GW, Skerratt LF, Selleck P, Brun E, Debnath NC, and Leung FC
- Subjects
- Animals, Bangladesh epidemiology, Bayes Theorem, Bhutan epidemiology, Biological Evolution, Birds, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus genetics, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus metabolism, Humans, India epidemiology, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype classification, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype genetics, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza in Birds virology, Influenza, Human virology, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Poultry Diseases virology, Sequence Analysis, Protein veterinary, Chickens, Disease Outbreaks veterinary, Influenza in Birds epidemiology, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Poultry Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
To investigate the origins, evolution and patterns of spread of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh, we performed a phylogenetic reconstruction analysis using Bayesian methods. The analysis was conducted using 81 hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences from the H5N1 viruses isolated in Bangladesh from 2007 to 2011, together with 264 publicly available HA sequences of clade 2.2, 2.3.2 and 2.3.4 retrieved from GenBank. Our study provides evidence that clade 2.2.2 viruses that caused outbreaks in Bangladesh were lineages independent from the viruses introduced earlier into India. Furthermore, the Bangladesh clade 2.2.2 descendents subsequently spread to India and Bhutan. This has implications for avian influenza control in southern Asia suggesting multiple routes of entry of the virus including one pathway that spread to neighboring countries via Bangladesh., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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