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Industrialization and urbanization contribute significantly to environmental pollution, particularly in water bodies. The consequences of this pollution are dire, impacting both the environment and public health. A serious hazard to life on Earth, contaminated water can cause food poisoning, diarrhea, respiratory diseases, and skin ailments, among other health problems. In countries like Bangladesh, where industrial activities, particularly in the garment sector, are prevalent, waste dumping into rivers and canals has reached alarming levels. This has resulted in a drastic decline in water quality, endangering aquatic life and ecosystems. To solve this important issue, we built an innovative real-time water quality monitoring system using the Internet of Things (IoT). Our system operates at three levels, collecting data from different layers of wastewater. Key parameters, including temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH, are continuously monitored to assess water quality. The analysis revealed that wastewater temperature varied between 25 and 37 °C across different sites, with higher temperatures observed in industrial zones, indicating potential thermal pollution. Total dissolved solids (TDS) levels exhibited substantial variations, ranging from 170 to 360 ppm, surpassing standard thresholds and posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Turbidity readings ranged from 1.30 to 12.89 NTU, with higher turbidity observed in areas receiving industrial discharge, highlighting the impact of suspended solids on water clarity. pH values exceeded 7.0 across all sites, ranging from 9.5 to 10.32, indicating alkaline wastewater, particularly in regions with dyeing and textile industries. By integrating these specific metrics into our monitoring system, we provide valuable insights into industrial wastewater quality and its environmental implications. These findings underscore the urgent need for real-time monitoring and targeted interventions to address water pollution. Implementing sustainable water management strategies in industrial contexts is critical to protecting public health and preserving ecosystems for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to investigate whether tested organic extracts possess antithrombotic properties with minimal or no toxicity and to predict the activity of some of their isolated compounds. Methods: An in vitro thrombolytic model was used to check the clot lysis effect of four Bangladeshi herbal extracts viz., roots of Curculigo recurvata W.T. Aiton (Satipata), leaf of Amorphophallus bulbifer Roxb. (Olkachu), leaf of Phyllanthus sikkimensis Muell. Arg., and whole plant of Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. (Nillata) using streptokinase as a positive control and water as a negative control. Cytotoxicity was screened by brine shrimp lethality bioassay using vincristine sulfate as positive control. In silico prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) prediction was applied for phytoconstituents, namely, nyasicoside, glucomannan, grandifloric acid, serine, and alanine. Results: Using an in vitro thrombolytic model, C. recurvata, A. bulbifer, P. sikkimensis, and T. grandiflora showed 28.10±1.64%, 42.47±1.96%, 32.86±1.92%, and 25.51±1.67% of clot lysis, respectively. Reference drug streptokinase exhibited 75.00±3.04% clot lysis. Examined herbs showed significant (p < 0.001) percentage (%) of clot lysis compared to negative control. In brine shrimp cytotoxic assay, C. recurvata, A. bulbifer, P. sikkimensis, and T. grandiflora showed LC50 values 210.64±3.44, 98.51±1.47, 187.29±2.01, and 386.43±3.02 μg/mL, respectively, with reference to vincristine sulfate (LC50 0.76±0.04). PASS predicted that examined phytoconstituents have a wide range of biological activity. Conclusions: Through our study it was found that A. bulbifer and P. sikkimensis could be considered as very promising and beneficial thrombolytic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the increased risk of disasters in the Bangladesh, there is a dearth of research about women's physical and mental health vulnerability following disasters. This study aimed to explore the physical and mental health status and associated risk factors of women in recurrent disaster-affected areas of Bangladesh. Participants (N = 408) were recruited using systematic random sampling from two purposively selected disaster-prone areas (Upazilas of Sagata and Sarankhola), using a structured questionnaire conducted in person. Physical and mental health status was assessed using the health Short Form 12 (SF-12) measure that is comprised of both physical health (PCS-12) and mental health (MCS-12) subscales. Of the 408 participants, the mean scores on PCS-12 and MCS-12 subscales were 43.85 ± 28.04 and 37.70 ± 27.29, respectively, which were strongly correlated, r =.71, p <.001. Overall, 65.9% and 63.0% of total participants scored below the validated cut-off of PCS-12 and MCS-12 subscales which indicates both poor physical and mental health. The results indicated that physical and mental health were significantly poorer for the participants who witnessed casualties, lost family members or relatives, were relocated to shelters and sacrificed food during disasters. Moreover, poorer mental health scores were identified among participants who were physically injured and/or consulted a medical practitioner during or after the disaster. Accurate health knowledge is crucial for adequate and effective disaster preparation to decrease the health impacts on women in disaster-prone areas of Bangladesh. Research in this area is needed, and strategies to improve the public health status of women are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Escherichia albertii is an emerging, enteric pathogen of significance. It was first isolated in 2003 from a pediatric diarrheal sample from Bangladesh. In this study, a comprehensive in silico strategy was followed to first list out antibiotic-resistant genes from core, accessory and unique genome fractions of 95 available genomes of E. albertii. Then, 56 drug targets were identified from the core essential genome. Finally, ZipA, an essential cell division protein that stabilizes the FtsZ protofilaments by cross-linking them and serves as a cytoplasmic membrane anchor for the Z ring, was selected for further downstream processing. It was computationally modeled using a threading approach, followed by virtual screening of two phytochemical libraries, Ayurvedic (n = 2103 compounds) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (n = 36,043 compounds). ADMET profiling, followed by PBPK modeling in the central body compartment, in a population of 250 non-diseased, 250 cirrhotic and 250 renally impaired people was attempted. ZINC85624912 from Chinese medicinal library showed the highest bioavailability and plasma retention. This is the first attempt to simulate the fate of natural products in the body through PBPK. Dynamics simulation of 20 ns for the top three compounds from both libraries was also performed to validate the stability of the compounds. The obtained information from the current study could aid wet-lab scientists to work on the scaffold of screened drug-like compounds from natural resources and could be useful in our quest for therapy against antibiotic-resistant E. albertii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food handlers play a key role in maintaining food safety and preventing food borne illnesses. In Bangladesh, food safety related mainstream research focuses on microbiological and chemical qualities of foods whereas food handlers are less emphasized. Therefore, this systematic review focuses on food safety knowledge and practices among food handlers in Bangladesh. A systematic search strategy was used to collect records in different databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Banglajol, and ScienceDirect. Information related to either food safety knowledge or practices of the food handlers were extracted. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed as a reporting guideline. A total of 1609 records were screened. After initial (n = 1609) and full text (n = 20) screening, 12 studies were included for review. Included studies considered food handlers at different settings, including restaurant, street food, retail market, food industry, and household. Food handlers were widely varied by their sociodemographic characteristics, including gender, age, education, and income. Out of 12 studies, eight reported food safety knowledge of the food handlers. Among them, poor food safety knowledge of the food handlers was reported in five studies (62.50%). Food safety practices was reported in 11 studies of which eight (72.73%) studies reported poor food handling practices of the food handlers. Restaurant and street food handlers were found with worse practices than others. Knowledge, education, and training on food handling skills were found to be associated with good practices. On the other hand, education, training, years of food handling experience, and attitude were found to be associated with food safety knowledge. Based on available information, overall food safety knowledge and practices of the food handlers in Bangladesh are not satisfactory. More quality studies in this area are required. Strengthening the food safety monitoring system, providing food safety training to the food handlers, and building awareness could be considered to improve the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Job satisfaction of the employees is a concerning issue, accelerates the productivity of any organization. Higher job satisfaction among the employees means the higher chance of profitability of the employers. An effective understanding of factors associated with job satisfaction of the employees is precious to push organizational development. This study based on the data collected from three aluminum industries inRajshahi cityofBangladesh during January 21, 2016 to March 20, 2016 to identify the determinants of job satisfaction among the employees. In this study, age, sex, education, work experience, satisfaction with salary, workplace environment and workplace management system are revealed as the determinants of job satisfaction. For instance, higher aged respondents in more likely to satisfy with job than lower aged (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.30 [0.48-3.57]). Female are more likely (OR: 1.90 [1.03-3.51]) to satisfy with their job than the male. Higher educated employees are less likely (OR: 0.97 [0.56-1.70]) to satisfy with their job than the lower educated employees. Respondents with 15 & above years of experience are more likely (OR: 1.05 [0.33-2.15]) to satisfy with their job than those have less than 5 years of experience. Satisfaction with salary (OR: 1.97 [1.14-3.41]), workplace environment (OR: 1.62 [0.59-6.51]), management system (OR: 1.24 [1.25-3.98]) are significantly associated with job satisfaction of the employees. As the first study, it provides the determinants of job satisfaction among the employees in aluminum industries in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. Relevant authorities are suggested to consider the study's findings and recommendations to create new policies regarding job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Songs in SBBK Patriotic and inspirational chorus songs played a big part of the broadcasts of SBBK. Other programmes of SBBK From May to December, the SBBK broadcast many programmes in which many men and women participated. Daily news on SBBK The radio was the only media that reached all corners of Bangladesh, and SBBK became the main mouthpiece of the Bangladesh Government-in-Exile. The War of Liberation 1971, or the I (Muktijuddho) i , or just I Ekkator er Juddho i as it is popularly known in Bangladesh, was a People's War in which all Bengalis participated, sans a few thousands of the country's seven and a half crores. [Extracted from the article]

In Bangladesh, an estimated one to three million street children face poverty, violence and social stigma daily. This qualitative study of seventy-five child participants from three sites in Dhaka, Bangladesh, explores how street children in Bangladesh engage in financial transactions in their social networks to build resiliency and sustain contextual well-being under conditions of extreme adversity. For these street children, contextual well-being refers to the context of living and surviving on the street (i.e. access to food, shelter, safety, sense of belonging). Our findings indicate that both significant vulnerabilities and adaptive responses in street children's lives are common across participants. Daily life for these children consists of attaining money and then spending it quickly as a means of survival. Significant vulnerabilities for these children are the need to engage in daily income generation along with income uncertainty; an adaptive response among the participants is the engagement in financial transactions within their peer networks. Findings also show that street children are deeply embedded in these social networks, which work to sustain their well-being. We argue that interventions for Bangladeshi street children should be peer-based, grounded in a strengths perspective, and promote resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes how the construction of a national ideology in Bangladesh has been achieved through a style of majoritarianism based on “positional dominance.” This has resulted in the construction of a national identity that is based on a particular form of Bengali identity that subsumes and indeed delegitimizes other claims to identity within the state, including claims made by indigenous communities to their own distinctive, place-based identity. Although a formal peace treaty has been signed, peace remains elusive due to the cultural hegemony of Bengalis over the indigenous peoples in the name of the supremacy of the national state. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A critique is presented of the Bangladeshi films "Roopban" and "Monpura," focusing on the influence of Indic Bollywood films on Banladeshi films since the 1960s. Bans against Hindi films in Bangladesh, or East Pakistan, in the 1960s are discussed, as well as mass media, film distribution, and Dhallywood films in Bangladesh. Women in films, the social aspects of film, and social life in Bangladesh are also discussed.

The past, as constructed by the modern power of colonialism and nationalism, has essentialized the ideals of nation-state through the process of homogenizing the polysemous identities of non-Western societies and religions. The power of this imagined past is particularly manifested in the institutionalization of the disciplines of archaeology and history, and has acted to fix communitarian boundaries within the conditions and structures of inequality. The analysis of the part played by archaeological narratives in this process of fixation within the domain of nation-state has not even been initiated in the context of Bangladesh. This paper examines the conditions and processes in and by which the secularized notion of religion and representations of the past have been persuaded and coerced to invoke the 'pure' ideals of nation while simultaneously subordinating other notions of collective identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental decision-support tools often fail to be effectively applied in society because tools are "use-inspired" rather than "user-ready." Stakeholder engagement by researchers is frequently the missing, critical component. Here, university researchers collaborated with the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) in developing a cloud-based, satellite remote sensing tool for monitoring suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) in major Bangladesh rivers. Bangladesh faces complex river erosion and sediment management challenges. The tool helps to overcome BWDB's constraints of limited resources and ground-based monitoring capacity. The tool maps estimated SSC over satellite images and provides long-term estimated SSC time series at user-designated points. The key elements of success in the engagement process were the partnership and trust between the researchers and stakeholder; stakeholder leadership and ownership; diversity of stakeholder roles engaged; researcher's understanding of the stakeholder, problem, and context; and open-source, easy-to-use tool. Weaknesses in the engagement process can be improved on in future work. • Describes stakeholder engagement process between early-career researcher and Bangladesh water governance agency. • Co-developed a cloud-based, satellite remote sensing tool for monitoring river suspended sediment concentrations. • Demonstrate generalizable engagement approach, evaluate key strengths and weaknesses, and present lessons learned. • Successful process due to long-term partnership, stakeholder ownership, and researcher's understanding of broader context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]