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The world economy is being hit badly by a fatal decease named COVID 19. This pandemic has dramatically affected all the ramifications of the world community. Hence, this research attempts to explore the impact of Covid-19 on the socioeconomic status of lower-middle and lower-income people. Paired sample t-test has been used as the statistical tool in this study to compare and contrast the income, savings and social status of the people of Bangladesh before and after COVID 19. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the relevant data from the lower middle and lower-income people. We distributed 400 questionnaires from which 259 usable responses were returned with a success rate of 64.75%. The results indicate that the income, savings and social status of the respondents have been affected by COVID 19 significantly. The study is supposed to help policymakers to appreciate the situation of lower-middle and lower-income groups in Bangladesh as it covered their socioeconomic condition amid COVID 19 and the challenges they faced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher Education in Bangladesh has become a most-talked issue due to questions arises on its quality. Public university exercises its highest freedom in appointing faculty member recruitment preferring voter rather than teacher based on political consideration rather than merit and quality. The study is primarily finished with the secondary data collected from the different journals, newspaper, books, reports and supplementary exploring qualitative in nature. The study finds out that no specific rules and regulation even though unified policy are survived for recruitment process at the public universities in Bangladesh. Government tries to formulate unified recruitment policy but all efforts nipped in the buds due to massive hindrance from the public universities. The study shows that corruption, favoritisms, nepotism, patronage and political consideration are the major aspect of recruitment process that affects the whole higher education system in Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores how much development undertakings including conducting research venture have been taken by the apex authority of regulationof public universities in Bangladesh for instance; University Grants Commission. The study will be capitulated with exploratory research design along with secondary data to come out the fact ofdevelopment perspective of public universities in Bangladesh. The study reveals that no hard and fast rules and regulations available to allocate public resources to the public universities. Allocating public resources determines on the basis of previous distributed public resources data to redistributed public resources for the next year. Generally, the commission raises public resources from the four sources that comprises of grants from the government; loans from the government; donation and endowments and receipts of the commission from such other sources as may be approved by the government. Budget towards public universities generally consists of two forms for example; Development budget and Non development budget. Non development budget comprises of paid salary and allowance to the staff and teachers along with administrative cost and other expenses that are prescribed by the assigned authority and development budget composes of physical development of the institutions namely; building infrastructure of those public universities. Availability ofpoor governance, failure of assurance of quality education and adopted fragile accountability mechanismare the leading challenges of the public universities in Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plantation sector, especially the oil palm commodity, is currently the largest agricultural-based contributor to Malaysia economic projection involving both upstream and downstream activities. Due to the rapid expansion in this palm oil industry, there are high labour demands required in this sector. Since the fate of this sector is being put on a stake, recruiting foreign labours is the only way out from this dilemma. As a result, more than 78 % of labour [1] in this sector is mainly came from Indonesia, Bangladesh and the Philippines. Malaysia has become the main attention for the foreign labours to work in this country due to the wages being more competitive and generative working condition, especially in the plantation sector, provides the suitable accommodation compared to their origin country. The pressing issue now plantation and agriculture sectors too much dependence on foreign labour. As a result, all operation in this both sectors cannot be operated especially during covid 19. One of the best solutions is to hire the local youth to work in oil palm plantation and retain them to work in this sector. This study was done in order to analyse the pull or push factors in constructing a particular pattern of participation among the local's youth which by using Probit model which were working in oil palm plantation. A survey method through questionnaire was used to collect data from 942 of local youths between 16 years to 40 years old as focused respondents which were selected using random sampling method. The results showed the probability the local's youth to work in the plantation sector influence by demographic factors and job satisfaction. From this result can attract the local's youth which was not working in oil palm plantation to substitute foreign labour in plantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting the global economy, which can be considered as a catastrophic situation for the job market and a crisis to the entire world economy. Bangladesh is one of the high-risk countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the related social and economic losses. There is a considerable risk that economic stagnation would drive a significant population back into poverty. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of COVID19 on the garment industries in Bangladesh, its employees, and the impact on the overall economy of Bangladesh. Publication of scholarly literature, the study of different books, journals, webpages, and the different analyses were taken into consideration to find out the impact of this pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of technology and rapid growth in the number of internet users throughout the world has been pushing people to do all sorts of transactions online. This move towards digitization requires banking services to be automated and online. With its dream to become a digital nation by 2021, Bangladesh is striving hard to enter into the world market online. Hence, though late, banks in Bangladesh have started their I-banking services. However, the acceptance level of users is essential to understand before its full-fledged implementation. Thus, this study aims at explaining the determinants of internet banking with extended Technology Adoption Model (TAM) as the base. Though a good number of studies have already been undertaken using TAM, the study is justified in the sense that it would mitigate the research gap considering two country-specific variables like security and privacy risk. The variables are selected on the backdrop concerning the absence of a strict regulation for the use of the internet and a much-talked issue of internet speed and quality in Bangladesh. A questionnaire survey has been conducted among the internet users to identify the determinants of the intention to use I-banking (IUIB) and hence the adoption of it. A total of 200 questionnaires have been administrated using three different forms called an in-person survey, postal mail and google form. Out of 200 questionnaires, 150 fully completed and usable questionnaires have been received with a success rate of 75%. All the independent variables called perceived usefulness; perceived ease of Use, perceived enjoyment, access to information, security and privacy (S.P.) and quality of internet connection (QIC) are found to be significant in explaining the users' IUIB. The IUIB is also found to be highly significant to explain the -banking Adoption by the users. The country-specific variable like the S.P. has a negative impact on I-banking adoption while the QIC found to have a positive impact in Bangladesh context. Hence, the study recommends the policymakers of Bangladesh to initiate strong laws for protecting the security of data over the internet with a special urge to the telecommunication regulatory authority and telecom companies to ensure technology infrastructure for high speed and smooth internet services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banking is a business of trust and transparency. Unfortunately, recent financial scams in the banking industry of Bangladesh have thrown a big question in terms of reliability and transparency. On the other hand, the emergence of blockchain technology has created new hope in terms of ensuring transparency in the baking system. However, before implementing any new technology, it is essential to understand the stakeholders' intention to adopt it. This study is an attempt to explain the factors driving the intention to adopt blockchain in the banking industry. Though, there much behavioural theory to explain technology adoption, extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is used in this research because of its proven record in explaining technology acceptance. The research is conducted with the bank employees as the respondents. A total of 300 questionnaires have been distributed while 215 useable questionnaires were found for the analysis of this study. Two internal factors, as seen in the original TAM called perceived usefulness and ease of use, are found significant in describing the intention to adopt blockchain. On the other hand, two additional external variables called social influence and trust are analyzed. Trust is found to be significant, while the social influene was not statistically significant in this regard. The four independent variables together explain 48% variation in the intention to adopt blockchain technology for the banking industry. The implication of this research is significant. If the banks intend to adopt and operate blockchain, this research will provide them with a good picture of what managerial actions are essential for its adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, Cruise tourism is recognized as one of the most vigorous and rapidly growing components of the travel and tourism industry. In the whole tourism market, the growth of the international cruise industry is significant. Despite the international economic fall, the cruise market is still developing. With a long and attractive coast, virgin and mangrove forests and beautiful islands, gorgeous ancient and ethnic heritage, maybe a magnificent destination of the tourists for cruise tourists of Bangladesh. Bangladesh's economy is now developing at a steady pace; the number of middle-class population and their possessing disposal earnings are increasing, which can be expended on travel and tourism activities. In 2017, February-March an international boat ship took a round trip through Bangladesh with about 135 foreign tourists visited the Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest and Maheshkhali Island in Cox's Bazar that made about 35 lakh foreign revenue. Although this market is the most mature one in different countries, it is new in the aspect of Bangladesh. Therefore, the government has to address the opportunity and challenges in the cruise shipping industry seriously and has to be taken proactive measures in improving the cruise sector which can unswervingly impact the economy of Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A safe and healthy workplace not only protects workers from injury and illness, it can also lower injury/illness costs, reduce absenteeism and turnover, increase productivity and quality and raise employee morale. In other words, safety is good for business. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the workplace safety of the garment industries of Bangladesh which is the topmost earning and employment sector of Bangladesh. This paper aims to identify the grey areas of the safety arrangements of the garments industries in Bangladesh and will propose the remedies to be undertaken to overcome such lacking. Despite several researchers in the past have identified several constrains, mentioned differently models and put forwarded their valuable suggestions to ensure the safety and security of the workplaces and the employees, but it is still a mystery why appropriate and adequate steps have not to be taken to guard against insecure workplaces in the garment industries. This paper provides background information about the unsafe workplace in the garment industries of Bangladesh and future insight for future researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for cruise shipping has progressively developed over the centuries in EU countries and Americas region. In the recent years, it has steadily multiplied attractiveness amongst vacationers in Asia especially in the countries of South East Asia and the Far East. The wave of cruise tourism has also touched Bangladesh, which has ample scope and opportunity to improve this promising sector. The fast growth of river and ocean cruise and geographic expansion has amplified the traveling involvedness rising the financial, socio-economic, ecological and cultural impacts. Consequently, the significance of cruise improvement must be evaluated on how it marks initially to society in a travel destination. It is a descriptive investigation and the study was grounded on together primary and secondary sources to study consequences, which would highlight on the following features: instituting a 24X7 visitor service point, ensuring a wide-ranging logistic facilities associated with cruise tourism, welcoming overseas cruise line operators to scrutinize exceptional sights in Bangladesh, collaborating with other Asian nations, forming a distinctive management division, along with development and emerging exclusive resources related with the travel and tourism sector of Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article investigates the technical efficiency of the state-owned, conventional commercial and Islamic commercial banks in Bangladesh over the period 2009 – 2014. The paper employs parametric stochastic frontier approach (SFA) to estimate technical efficiency of 19 commercial banks comprising 4 state-owned, 10 conventional commercial and 5 Islamic commercial banks. The findings of the paper show that average technical efficiency scores of state-owned banks, conventional private banks and Islamic banks are 0.7410, 0.9157 and 0.9640 respectively. This implies that state-owned, conventional private commercial and Islamic commercial banks in Bangladesh have experienced inefficiency of 25.90 percent, 8.43 percent and 3.60 percent respectively. Results indicate that commercial banks in Bangladesh have wasted, on average, 12.64 percent resources which could be saved to produce the same level of output. The efficiency results suggest that there are enough rooms for advancement in technical efficiency across all types of commercial banks in Bangladesh by refining managerial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]