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This study aim to describe mathematical reasoning ability of junior high school students on the topic of arithmetic sequences and series viewed by gender. This study used descriptive qualitative method with subject of study were four students consisting of two male students and two female students of junior high school in the city of Bandung, Indonesia. Data collection is done by using tests, interviews and for data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The result showed that male students were only able to fulfil the indicators of predicting answers and the solution process, they were not able to fulfill the indicators of drawing logical conclusions, giving an explanation for patterns and using relationship patterns to make generalizations. Female students were able to fulfil the indicators of predicting answers and the solution process as well as giving an explanation for patterns but they were not able to fulfil the indicators of drawing logical conclusions and using relationship patterns to make generalizations. This is because both male and female students still have difficulty understanding the problem and do not understand the concept of arithmetic sequence and series. The impact of this study is that the teacher must create learning using method and media that attract students' attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]