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The present work is devoted to experimental research of influence of ultrasound on important characteristics of vacuum residual oil (viscosity, carbon residue, SARA fractions, average molecular structure parameters, and thermal reaction kinetics) that obtained from Al-Dura refinery, the work focused to study different times of exposure for the ultrasound) on vacuum gas oil. In this study Sharqi Baghdad Iraqi heavy crude oil was used, which obtained from Baghdad east oil fields with API 20.2°. One of the most important things in the petroleum industry is to improve the physical and chemical characteristics of crude oil, or its cuts. It is critical to maintain the 1.8 percent annual growth rate in oil demand by using upgrading techniques to reduce the viscosity, density, and carbon residue of crude oil or cuts like vacuum gas oil. When ultrasound is used to treat heavy crude, a phenomenon known as acoustic cavitation occurs. This is a new technology that aims to improve the physical and chemical properties of highly viscous crudes, allowing for easier handling, a higher proportion of light fractions, and a higher market price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]