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There have been no prior studies examining the effect of distance to the treatment centre on oral squamous cell carcinoma outcomes in Australia. The purpose of this study was to analyse the impact of travel distance on oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) outcomes. This was a retrospective analysis of 243 patients who received surgical treatment ± adjuvant therapy between 2007 and 2016. The overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and freedom from loco-regional failure (FFLRF) survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan–Meier curves and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. A competing risk (CR) analysis was conducted. Patients living ≥200 km from the treatment centre, when compared with those living within 40 km, had worse OS (hazard ratio (HR) 3.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74–5.54), DSS (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.30–5.12), and FFLRF (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.22–5.01). These discrepancies were significant when adjusted for socioeconomic status (OS P < 0.001, DSS P 0.004, FFLRF P = 0.005) and in the presence of CR (OTSCC-specific death with CR 'non-disease-related death' P =0.030, FFLRF with CR 'any cause death' P = 0.013, FFLRF with CR 'OTSCC-specific death' P = 0.004). Patients with OTSCC living ≥200 km from the treatment centre were found to have worse outcomes than those living within 40 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the role of the media in refashioning place identity and in repositioning places in the cultural system of space. Specifically, it examines as a case study the media coverage of the September 1997 success of the ‘Newcastle Knights’ in the Australian Rugby League Grand Final. This event produced an intriguing moment in the reimagination of the identity of Newcastle (New South Wales), an industrial city undergoing ‘deindustrialisation‘. The paper draws on Hall’s (1997) notion of ‘resemanticisation‘ in repositioning place identity to explore how key elements of Newcastle’s dominant identity myths were utilised by the media in the post-match media coverage. Traditional industrial narratives of embattled place were merged with the vision of a bright economic future for a re-identified Newcastle and recoverable elements of Newcastle’s problematic industrial place identity were recast, stripped of their troubling connotations, and deployed in furthering the project of reimagining a prosperous future for the city. The paper thus considers the role of the media and sport in locating and relocating places in the Australian cultural system of space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) uses positive pressure to assist people with respiratory muscle weakness or severe respiratory compromise to breathe. Most people use this treatment during sleep when breathing is most susceptible to instability. The benefits of using NIV in motor neurone disease (MND) are well-established. However, uptake and usage are low (~ 19%) and there is no consensus on how to best implement NIV in MND in Australia. Consequently, clinical practice models are highly variable. Our team has recently provided evidence that specific and individualised NIV titration using a sleep study (polysomnography; PSG) leads to better outcomes in people with MND. However, for this clinical practice model to result in sustained benefits, evidence of effectiveness across multiple sites, as well as culture and practice change, must occur., Methods: A two-arm, assessor-blinded, individual participant randomised controlled trial in MND care centres across Australia will be undertaken. Two-hundred and forty-four participants will be randomised (1:1) to either the intervention group (PSG-assisted commencement of NIV settings; PSG) or a control group (sham PSG). Participants will be asked to use their NIV device for 7 weeks and will then return for follow-up assessments. Respiratory, sleep and patient-reported outcome measures will be collected at baseline and follow-up. The primary aim is to determine if the proportion of participants using NIV for > 4 h/day during the intervention period is higher in the PSG than the control group. A process evaluation, health economic evaluation and 12-month cohort follow-up will be undertaken and reported separately., Discussion: The results of this trial will demonstrate the effects of PSG-assisted titration of NIV on usage of NIV in people with MND. We hypothesise that the PSG intervention will improve synchrony between the user and the machine, which will lead to greater NIV usage compared to the control group., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05136222. Registered on November 25, 2021., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for all sites has been granted by Austin Health Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/68088/Austin-2021). Written, informed consent to participate will be obtained from all participants. Any proposed amendments to the project including any changes to the protocol, Participant Information and Consent Form/s, agreed upon by the Trial Steering Committee, will be submitted to the reviewing HREC for approval prior to implementation. These changes will be communicated to the trial participants by members of the research team and re-consent for participation in the research will be collected if required. Consent for publication: Not applicable—no identifying images or other personal or clinical details of participants are presented here or will be presented in reports of the trial results. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

An innovative approach to patient management, evidence-based policy development, and clinical drug trials is required to provide personalized care and to improve the likelihood of finding an effective treatment for Motor Neurone Disease (MND). The MiNDAus Partnership builds on and extends existing national collaborations in a targeted approach to improve the standard and coordination of care for people living with MND in Australia, and to enhance the prospects of discovering a cure or treatment. Relationships have been developed between leading clinical and research groups as well as patient-centered organizations, care providers, and philanthropy with a shared vision. MiNDAus has established a corporate structure and meets at least biannually to decide on how best to progress research, drug development, and patient management. The key themes are; (i) empowering patients and their family carers to engage in self-management and ensure personalized service provision, treatment, and policy development, (ii) integration of data collection so as to better inform policy development, (iii) unifying patients and carers with advocacy groups, funding bodies, clinicians and academic institutions so as to inform policy development and research, (iv) coordination of research efforts and development of standardized national infrastructure for conducting innovative clinical MND trials that can be harmonized within Australia and with international trials consortia. Such a collaborative approach is required across stakeholders in order to develop innovative management guidelines, underpinned by necessary and evidence-based policy change recommendations, which, will ensure the best patient care until a cure is discovered.

Background: α-Synuclein (SNCA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) are the two major genes independently, but not jointly, associated with susceptibility for Parkinson's disease (PD). The SNCA gene has recently been identified as a major modifier of age of PD onset. Whether MAPT gene synergistically influences age of onset of PD is unknown. Objective. To investigate independent and joint effects of MAPT and SNCA on PD onset age., Methods: 412 patients with PD were recruited from the Australian PD Research Network (123) and the Neurology Department, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, China (289). MAPT (rs17650901) tagging H1/H2 haplotype and SNCA (Rep1) were genotyped in the Australian cohort, and MAPT (rs242557, rs3744456) and SNCA (rs11931074, rs894278) were genotyped in the Chinese cohort. SPSS regression analysis was used to test genetic effects on age at onset of PD in each cohort., Results: SNCA polymorphisms associated with the onset age of PD in both populations. MAPT polymorphisms did not enhance such association in either entire cohort., Conclusion: This study suggests that, in both ethnic groups, SNCA gene variants influence the age at onset of PD and α-synuclein plays a key role in the disease course of PD.