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Uterine transplantation (UT) is an emerging medical treatment for women affected by absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI). To date there have been over 90 documented cases of UT performed worldwide, with over 50 live births. UT allows women affected by AUFI the opportunity to carry and deliver a childd. The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH) introduced a UT study in 2019; however, due to the impacts of the COVID pandemic the study was placed on hold for two years. In February 2023, RPAH performed the centre's first UT from a living unrelated donor to a 25‐year‐old woman with Mayer‐Rokitansky‐Küster‐Hauser syndrome. The donor and recipient surgeries were uncomplicated and both are recovering well in the early post‐operative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI) is defined as the absence (congenital or acquired) of a uterus or the presence of a non-functional uterus, e.g. severe Asherman's, adenomyosis or fibroids. Prior to 2014, the only options for women with AUFI to obtain parenthood were either surrogacy or adoption. For many women, these options are not acceptable due to ethical, religious or financial constraints. Uterus transplantation is an emerging area and has significant research opportunities available. In 2014 the first baby was born following a uterus transplant in Sweden. Several countries have now embarked on establishing a uterus transplant program and, to date, more than 70 transplants have occurred worldwide with 18 live births reported. There is currently no international data registry, therefore these figures may not be accurate. It is proposed that a mandatory data registry becomes available to ensure accurate figures are known. In September 2019, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital was granted ethics approval to establish a uterus transplant database which includes capturing clinical data and research outcomes. The research includes collecting patient-reported outcomes through the use of questionnaires, and collecting additional blood and tissue samples which will be stored in a biobank facility for future research studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that (1) older patients with heart failure (HF) can tolerate COMBined moderate‐intensity aerobic and resistance training (COMBO), and (2) 4 weeks of Peripheral Remodeling through Intermittent Muscular Exercise (PRIME) before 4 weeks of COMBO will improve aerobic capacity and muscle strength to a greater extent than 8 weeks of COMBO. DESIGN Prospective randomized parallel open‐label blinded end point. SETTING Single‐site Australian metropolitan hospital. PARTICIPANTS Nineteen adults (72.8 ± 8.4 years of age) with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). INTERVENTION Participants were randomized to 4 weeks of PRIME or COMBO (phase 1). All participants subsequently completed 4 weeks of COMBO (phase 2). Sessions were twice a week for 60 minutes. PRIME is a low‐mass, high‐repetition regime (40% one‐repetition maximum [1RM], eight strength exercises, 5 minutes each). COMBO training involved combined aerobic (40%‐60% of peak aerobic capacity [VO2peak], up to 20 minutes) and resistance training (50‐70% 1RM, eight exercises, two sets of 10 repetitions). MEASUREMENTS We measured VO2peak, VO2 at anaerobic threshold (AT), and muscle voluntary contraction (MVC). RESULTS: The PRIME group significantly increased VO2peak after 8 weeks (2.4 mL/kg/min; 95% confidence interval [CI] =.7‐4.1; P =.004), whereas the COMBO group showed minimal change (.2; 95% CI −1.5 to 1.8). This produced a large between‐group effect size of 1.0. VO2 at AT increased in the PRIME group (1.6 mL/kg/min; 95% CI.0‐3.2) but not in the COMBO group (−1.2; 95% CI −2.9 to.4), producing a large between‐group effect size. Total MVC increased significantly in both groups in comparison with baseline; however, the change was larger in the COMBO group (effect size =.6). CONCLUSION: Traditional exercise approaches (COMBO) and PRIME improved strength. Only PRIME training produced statistically and clinically significant improvements to aerobic capacity. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that PRIME may have potential advantages for older patients with HFrEF and could be a possible alternative exercise modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-hazard events can be associated with larger socio-economic impacts than single-hazard events. Understanding the spatio-temporal interactions characterising the former is, therefore, of relevance to disaster risk reduction measures. Here, we consider two high-impact hazards, namely wet and dry hydrological extremes, and quantify their global co-occurrence. We define these using the monthly self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index based on the Penman-Monteith model (sc_PDSI_pm) covering the period 1950–2014, at 2.5° horizontal resolution. We find that the land areas affected by extreme wet, dry and wet-dry events (i.e. geographically remote, yet temporally co-occurring wet or dry extremes) all display increasing trends with time, of which changes in dry and wet-dry episodes are significant (p-value << 0.01). The most geographically widespread wet-dry event covered a combined land area of 21 million km2, with documented high-impact flooding and drought episodes spanning diverse regions. To further elucidate the interplay of wet and dry extremes at a grid-point scale, we introduce two new metrics: the wet-dry (WD) ratio and the extreme transition (ET) time interval. The WD-ratio measures the relative occurrence of extreme wet or dry events, whereas ET quantifies the average separation time of hydrological extremes with opposite signs. The WD-ratio shows that the incidence of extreme wet episodes dominates over dry episodes in the USA, northern and southern south America, northern Europe, north Africa, western China and most of Australia. Conversely, extreme dry events are more prominent in most of the remaining regions. The median ET for wet to dry is ~ 27 months, while the dry to wet median ET is 21 months. We also evaluate correlations between wet-dry hydrological extremes and leading modes of large-scale variability, namely the: El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and American Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). We find that ENSO and PDO have a similar influence globally, with the former significantly impacting (p-value < 0.05) a larger area compared to the latter, whereas the AMO shows an almost inverse pattern, and significantly impacts a larger overall area. Our analysis brings new insights on hydrological multi-hazards and are of direct relevance to governments and organisations with globally distributed interests, such as (re)insurance companies. Specifically, the multi-hazard maps may be used to evaluate worst-case disaster scenarios considering the potential co-occurrence of wet and dry hydrological extremes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explains the concept of rapid response teams (RRT) in Australia. RRT has been used in Australia to improve patient outcomes through the identification of patients at risk of serious adverse events and treatment before such patients experience deterioration. The challenges posed by cardiac arrest are discussed, along with the relevance of RRT to the reduction of cardiac arrests. In addition, the article describes the training of RRT members including examples of RRT scenarios.

[Display omitted] • The Glyde Package in the greater McArthur Basin is economically significant, hosting world-class base metal deposits and prospective petroleum plays within the Barney Creek Formation. • New techniques were applied to directly date and geochemically fingerprint the Barney Creek Formation. • These key characteristics were used to correlate the Barney Creek Formation with similar units elsewhere in the region. • The under-explored Fraynes Formation is spatially distant from the Barney Creek Formation but show strong similarities in age and isotopic signatures. • The Fraynes Formation has the potential to host similar economic resources that are present in the Barney Creek Formation. The greater McArthur Basin is an informal term for a Palaeo-to-Mesoproterozoic sedimentary system that consists of terranes from the McArthur Basin, Birrindudu Basin, and the Tomkinson Province. These spatially distant basins are interpreted to connect in the subsurface based on geophysical, lithological, and geochronological evidence. The coeval sedimentary units of the greater McArthur Basin were subdivided into non-genetic depositional 'packages' bookended by regional unconformities. In ascending order, these packages are the: Redbank, Goyder, Glyde, Favenc, and Wilton Packages. The ca. 1660–1610 Ma Glyde Package is the focus of this study and includes the economically important Barney Creek Formation, found in the McArthur Basin sensu stricto. The Barney Creek Formation hosts the world-class, sediment-hosted, Zn-Pb-Ag McArthur River deposit. Importantly, it is also a key petroleum source rock and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir, containing Australia's geologically oldest oil and gas discoveries and forming a part of the McArthur Petroleum Supersystem. Consequently, identifying chronostratigraphically similar units elsewhere in the greater McArthur Basin is important for explorers in finding analogous economic resources. In situ Rb–Sr geochronological results of the Barney Creek Formation shales sourced from borehole LV09001 yielded ages of 1634 ± 59 Ma and 1635 ± 67 Ma. Shale samples from Fraynes Formation in borehole Manbulloo S1 were dated at 1630 ± 57 Ma and 1636 ± 42 Ma using the same approach. These ages are in good agreement with U–Pb ages of tuffaceous layers from the same units, suggesting that they represent their early burial histories and not secondary, post-depositional events. These results indicate that the Fraynes Formation and the Barney Creek Formation are direct chronostratigraphic equivalents, with ages within analytical error of each other. In addition to the geochronological similarities, the δ13C carb, 87Sr/86Sr, and δ 88/86Sr isotopic constraints from both units also display parallel geochemical fingerprints up-section. These include a positive δ13C carb excursion of ∼2.0 ‰, a trend towards more crustal-dominated 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and a negative δ 88/86Sr excursion of ∼-0.25 ‰. These findings further support the application of isotopic chemostratigraphy as a powerful tool to correlate distal carbonaceous rocks in the basin system. Importantly, these geochemical fingerprints also show that the McArthur Group and the Limbunya Group experienced similar changes in palaeoenvironments during the evolution of the basin system. However, trace element data collated in this study indicates that they may have recorded different, heterogeneous palaeoredox histories. Geochemical models based on redox-sensitive trace elements V and Mo suggest that the Fraynes Formation sustained a much more euxinic water column as opposed to the Barney Creek Formation. These differences may have implications for the accumulation and preservation of base metals and hydrocarbons within the sediment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]