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Solar activity affects Asian summer monsoon (ASM) at various time scales. However, it remains unknown if and how solar activity can influence ASM on the centennial time scale. Using the Community Earth System Model, we conduct a solar activity forced Holocene transient simulation with an acceleration factor of 10 and show that during the middle–late Holocene ASM precipitation exhibits a significant 300–600‐year periodicity under solar forcing. This model‐produced multi‐centennial variation is also suggested by proxy data. The leading mode of the multi‐centennial ASM variation shows a "wet tropics–dry subtropics" pattern, which lags the corresponding solar activity by about a quarter cycle. The western North Pacific (WNP) circulation system is responsible for the multi‐centennial ASM variation, through enhancing the climatological south Asia–WNP monsoon trough. We suggest that solar activity modulates the zonal SST gradients of the tropical Pacific, inducing the anomalous WNP cyclone and enhancing ASM precipitation in a delayed mode. Plain Language Summary: More than 300 years have passed since the last solar minimum (Maunder grand solar minima, ∼1,650–1,715), and now we are around the maximum solar period. This means that the centennial solar cycle may potentially influence the past, recent, and future climate. However, due to the limited temporal length of instrumental data and the scattered spatial distribution of reconstructions, if and how solar activity can influence Asian summer monsoon (ASM) on the centennial time scale is under debate. This study carried out the Holocene transient simulation under solar activity forcing for the first time, using the Community Earth System Model (CESM). We found that the ASM exhibits a significant 300–600‐year periodicity under solar forcing during the middle–late Holocene. The leading mode of the multi‐centennial ASM variation shows a "wet tropics–dry subtropics" pattern, which lags solar activity by about a quarter cycle. The physical process is that solar activity modulates the ENSO‐like sea surface temperature over tropical Pacific, developing an anomalous western North Pacific cyclone, which causes a delayed ASM precipitation change. These findings may have implications for predicting the influence of the anticipated future solar activity on the Asian monsoon system. Key Points: Transient Holocene simulation and proxies show that Asian summer monsoon (ASM) has a significant multi‐centennial (300–600 year) variation since the mid‐HoloceneASM multi‐centennial variability is primarily influenced by the western North Pacific (WNP) circulation anomalies that changes tropical Asian monsoon troughSolar activity modulates tropical Pacific sea surface temperature and instigates an anomalous WNP cyclone, causing a delayed ASM increase [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]