1. Risk Factors for Kala-Azar in Bangladesh.
- Author
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Bern, Caryn, Hightower, Allen W., Chowdhury, Rajib, Ali, Mustakim, Amann, Josef, Wagatsuma, Yukiko, Haque, Rashidul, Kurkjian, Katie, Vaz, Louise E., Begum, Moarrita, Akter, Tangin, Cetre-Sossah, Catherine B., Ahluwalia, Indu B., Dotson, Ellen, Secor, W. Evan, Breiman, Robert F., and Maguire, James H.
- Subjects
VISCERAL leishmaniasis ,LEISHMANIASIS ,DISEASE risk factors ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys - Abstract
Since 1990, South Asia has experienced a resurgence of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasts). To determine risk factors for kala-azar, we performed cross-sectional surveys over a 3-year period in a Bangladeshi community. By history, active case detection, and serologic screening, 155 of 2,356 residents had kala-azar with onset from 2000 to 2003. Risk was highest for persons 3--45 years of age, and no significant difference by sex was seen. In age-adjusted multivariable models, 3 factors were identified: proximity to a previous kala-azar patient (odds ratio [OR] 25.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15-44 within household; OR 3.2 95% CI 1.7-6.1 within 50 m), bed net use in summer (OR 0.7. 95% CI 0.53-0.93), and cattle per 1,000 m² (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.70-0.94]). No difference was seen by income, education, or occupation; land ownership or other assets: housing materials and condition: or keeping goats or chickens inside bedrooms. Our data confirm strong clustering and suggest that insecticide-treated nets could be effective in preventing kala-azar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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